Faculty of Art, Design And Architecture

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Open Access
The 16 cubes game for children who are visually impaired
(Sage Publications, Inc., 2000) Evyapan, N. A. G. Z.; Demirkan, H.
Open Access
3D Labyrinthine-type acoustical metamaterial proposals for sound control in architectural applications
(Institute of Noise Control Engineering(INCE), 2019-06) Yazıcı, Beyza; Gül, Zühre Sü; Yazıcı, Beyza; Gül, Zühre Sü
The purpose of this research is to develop alternative 3D labyrinthine-type acoustical metamaterials by utilizing 'space-coiling' for sound control in architectural applications. Acoustical metamaterials have a great potential on their application for building and room acoustics due to their extreme properties in sound absorption and transmission. They can be used as an interior partition, an interior surface layer, and also as a design element. They are advantageous in comparison to the traditional acoustical materials such that by tuning their physical properties more hygienic, lighter or thinner alternatives can be produced. In this research, the design ideas of acoustic metamaterials (AMMs) originate from golden ratio (GR) and web labyrinth (WL). In data collection and analysis, both experimental and theoretical methods are used. As a first step, all design alternatives are modelled in 3D, then are printed out by a CNC 3D printer, finally, the AMMs are tested in impedance tube to observe their acoustical properties. Initial results indicate that WL shows good performance in terms of transmission loss and GR has efficiency for sound absorption in low frequency range. Both options are better than Solid sample. The results indicate the potential of designed alternatives and are supportive for future optimization.
Open Access
70’ler: Siyasetin odağındaki kent, kentin odağındaki siyaset
(İletişim Yayınları, 2013) Batuman, Bülent; Batuman, Bülent
70’lerin ortalarında Türkiye kentlerine bakıldığında görülen şey, kentin özgül bir siyaset odağı haline gelmiş olduğudur. Bir yanda –hem politik bir aktör hem de toplumsal bir çevre olarak– gecekondu, diğer yanda MC hükümetleriyle çatışan CHP’li belediyeler eliyle gelişen yerel yönetim modeli çerçevesinde hızla politikleşen kentsel hizmetler bulunmaktadır. Bu dönüşüm, sadece on yıl öncesi düşünüldüğünde bile çarpıcıdır. Zira, 60’ların ortalarında gecekondu, himayecilik ilişkileriyle yeniden üretilen ucuz bir kentleşme yöntemi, kentsel toplu tüketim hizmetleri ise, devletin yerel uzantıları olarak görünen belediyelerin doğal işlevleri olarak kavranmaktadır. Bu makale, işte bu dönüşümü, yani 70’lere damgasını vuran bir boyut olarak kentsel politikanın özgül bir siyasal mücadele alanı biçiminde ortaya çıkışını tartışmaktadır. Makalenin temel argümanı, bu dönüşümün özellikle mimar ve kent plancılarından oluşan mekân tasarımcılarının mesleki faaliyetlerini toplumcu siyasal eğilimleriyle buluşturan pratikleri dolayımıyla gerçekleştiğidir. Bu çerçevede makale, mekân tasarımcılarının kentsel siyaseti kuran iki temel alandaki etkinliklerini inceler: konut sorunu ve kentsel siyasetin kurumsal bağlamı olan yerel yönetimler.
Open Access
Achieving inclusion in public spaces: A shopping mall case study
(Springer, London, 2012) Afacan, Yasemin; Afacan, Yasemin
Open Access
The acoustical characteristics of the Kocatepe Mosque in Ankara, Turkey
(Taylor & Francis, 2008) Sü, Z.; Yilmazer, S.
This research investigates the acoustical characteristics of mosques of the classical Ottoman period and the contemporary period. Kocatepe Mosque, the major mosque in Ankara, Turkey, as a case from the contemporary era is a unique combination of 16th century Ottoman aesthetics and 20th century technology. Although previous and recent mosques have been inspired by this combination, the use of a reinforced concrete dome without cavity resonators could cause long reverberation times especially in low frequencies. The purpose of this study was to investigate this condition by studying Kocatepe Mosque. The acoustical characteristics of the mosque were analyzed by computer simulation. Objective room-acoustic indicators including reverberation time (RT), early decay time (EDT), clarity (C80), definition (D50), lateral fraction (LF), speech transmission index (STI) and strength (G) are presented. The results show that the acoustical quality of Kocatepe Mosque is not optimal when it is empty, and closest to optimal conditions when fully occupied. The new techniques to overcome excessive low frequency attenuation caused by huge concrete shells of today's mosques are discussed in conclusion.
Open Access
Acoustical design and noise control in metro stations: Case studies of the Ankara metro system
(2007) Sü, Z.; Çalíşkan, M.
The aim of this research is to demonstrate the importance of initial strategies in acoustical design of underground metro stations. The paper searches for practical design solutions by evaluating different materials for providing optimum acoustical conditions in such spaces. Acoustical designs of three metro stations on a new expansion line in Ankara including Sogutozu, Bilkent and ODTU metro stations are presented through computer simulation. Predictions of room acoustical parameters are presented for both platform and ticket office floors in terms of parameters like reverberation time (RT), speech transmission index (STI) and A-weighted sound level (SPL) distribution within spaces. Simulated reverberation times are evaluated in view of legislative requirements. The study confirms the importance of using sound absorbing materials on the ceiling and sidewalls together. The nonwoven material, used behind perforated metal suspended ceilings, has proved effective in reverberation control.
Open Access
The acoustical performance analysis of Bilkent amphitheater: proposal for acoustical renovation
(Taylor & Francis, 2006-06) Sü, Z.; Yilmazer, S.
The 4000 seat multi-purpose Bilkent Amphitheater is a semi-dosed amphitheater with a volume of 90,000 m3, designed to serve the University's and the city's educational and artistic activities. At the beginning, the amphitheater was designed only for open-air performances. Afterwards it was decided it would be roofed with a tensile membrane in order to protect the spectators from atmospheric effects. However, the covered amphitheater was turned into a resounding and a problematic place widi a reverberation time of more than 6 s. when the hall is unoccupied. Acoustical interventions were implemented, but these have not been sufficient in decreasing the number of problematic echoes and dead spots. This paper analyzes the hall by means of assessing the fundamental acoustical parameters for both speech and music. Parameters such as reverberation time, early decay time, clarify, definition, lateral fraction, strength and speech transmission index were calculated by the aid of ODEON Room Acoustics Program simulation software Version 6.01. It was observed that most of the parameters are out of the optimum range, and that the sound focused strongly in some locations. After further acoustical renovation of the hall, the distribution of sound became more homogenous as measures of most of the parameters fell into reasonable ranges.
Open Access
Acoustics for architects: A potpourri of undergraduate and graduate level teaching styles, tools and in-course projects
(Acoustical Society of America, 2022-04-01) Sü Gül, Zühre; Çalışkan, Mehmet; Sü Gül, Zühre
Acoustics is one of the basic environmental comfort factors both in indoor and outdoor spaces. Students of architecture need to confront this theoretical field at some phase of their education. The main focus of this study is to provide a discussion platform of tools and teaching styles in architectural acoustics education of future architects, by depicting approaches that can motivate students and provide them a long-lasting understanding of the phenomena. Accordingly, a long-term experience in acoustics classes with undergraduate and graduate level students, mainly from departments of architecture of two prominent Turkish universities, is exemplified. Course contents of architectural acoustics programs are described, different models and methods of teaching are discussed, and last, selected projects, specifically those having an academic output, are presented. The study also aims to highlight some techniques and approaches that can be employed in acoustics education with limited technological tools, simply by active inclusion of the design background and creative thinking of the architecture students in this applied research area.
Open Access
Adaptation and nostalgia
(Oxford University Press, 2020) Kennedy-Karpat, Colleen; Kennedy-Karpat, Colleen
This essay highlights the shared critical terrain of adaptation and nostalgia: how they critically juxtapose the past with the present, and how they underscore the impossibility of return while also relying on prior experience. It also explores nostalgia’s effect on personal responses to adaptations and its interaction with textual form. Drawing from various areas of literary, media, and performance studies, including film adaptations of children’s literature, Watchmen and its screen adaptations, and Disney’s live-action remakes, this essay underscores how both nostalgia and adaptation are inherently multivalent concepts, and how they each rely on perspective to generate critical meaning.
Open Access
Adaptation and systems of cultural value
(Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, 2017) Kennedy-Karpat, Colleen; Sandberg, E.; Kennedy-Karpat, Colleen; Sandberg, E.
Open Access
The aid of colour on spatial navigation: A study in a virtual hospital environment
(ACM, 2016) Kumaoğlu, Özge; Olguntürk, Nilgün
The aim of this study is to explore the effects of colour as visuo-spatial cue on spatial navigation and developing a cognitive map in elderly in a simulated virtual hospital environment. The study further purports to explore whether it is possible to improve elders' spatial navigation and cognitive mapping performances as well as younger-aged group, by the aid of coloured visuo-spatial cues. © 2016 ACM.
Open Access
The aid of colour on visuospatial navigation of elderly people in a virtual polyclinic environment
(John Wiley and Sons, 2018) Kumoğlu-Süzer, Özge; Olguntürk, Nilgün; Kumoğlu-Süzer, Özge; Olguntürk, Nilgün
It is well documented that elderly people often have difficulties in finding their way in unfamiliar environments. In this study, we aimed to explore the usage of colour as visuospatial navigation tool for elderly people by testing in a virtually simulated polyclinic environment. We compared neutral, warm and cool coloured experiment settings to find out the effect of different colours on elderly people's visuospatial navigation performances. We conducted our experiment with 90 participants in two phases, each with a specific task (Route Replication and Picture Classification). The findings showed that neutral coloured setting affected participants' visuospatial navigation performances negatively compared to warm and cool coloured settings. However, there was no significant performance difference between warm and cool coloured environments. In addition to that, when they were asked to reach to the destination point, male participants spent shorter time, did fewer wrong turns, experienced fewer hesitations and traveled shorter distances compared to female participants. Currently, due to the increase in the elderly population, designing well-functioning interior spaces for the elderly has become a more pressing matter. We believe that the findings of this study will provide important clues for both interior designers and environmental psychologists.
Open Access
Amphores exportées de mer Noire en Syrie du Nord
(Persée - Institut Francais d'Etudes Anatoliennes, 2001) Tezgör, D. K.; Touma, M.
Open Access
Analysing the effects of critique techniques on the success of Interior Architecture Students
(John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2018) Günday-Gül, Ç. G.; Afacan, Yasemin; Afacan, Yasemin
In architectural design education, the most significant part in the curriculum is the design studio, where students learn how to design. Critique has a crucial role in the design studio, and in determining the best and most beneficial critique type for the architectural design education process. Student attitudes toward critiques and student satisfaction level with each critique technique are also significant. To that end, this article explores design studio learning by reviewing the design learning process and types of design critiques. Focusing on three critique techniques used in design education (desk critiques, pin-up critiques and group critiques), the article analyses correlations between student attitudes toward each technique and its contribution to the design process. Research was conducted with 84 third-year interior architecture students from the 2014-15 Fall semester at a university. No statistically significant differences were found between group and pin-up critiques in terms of students’ preferences and their final performance scores; however, there was a statistically significant relationship between student preferences toward desk critiques and student success. Furthermore, the contribution of a critique technique to the design process was found to be highly correlated with student preference for this technique.
Open Access
Analysing the effects of thermal comfort and indoor air quality in design studios and classrooms on student performance
(IOP, 2019) Ranjbar, Ali; Ranjbar, Ranjbar
This study aimed to explore the various effects of different ventilation modes on the thermal comfort and indoor air quality in design education environment. It also investigated the relationship between the ventilation mode and student performance. Thus, an experimental study was conducted in both studio and classroom environments, in Interior Architecture and Environmental Design Department at Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey. CO2 concentration values, indoor air temperature and humidity values as the main parameters of thermal comfort and indoor air quality was measured in both winter and summer seasons under the three modes of ventilation: 1) without opening door and windows mode setting; (2) natural ventilation mode and (3) the HVAC ventilation mode achieved by the TROX school-air unit. Under these three different modes for both attention and concentration levels, 100 students from the winter season, 50 students from summer season for the classroom environment, and 20 students from the winter season, 16 students from summer season for the studio environment participated. Results were calculated in IBM SPSS 21 software separately for both seasons and three different ventilation modes. As a result, the experimental and performance results have shown that the HVAC unit mode achieved the most satisfactory indoor environment in both seasons and higher levels of student performance.
Open Access
Analysis of brick wall debris for reusing
(Gazi Universitesi * Muhendislik Mimarlik Fakultesi,Gazi University * Faculty of Engineering & Architecture, 2021-03-21) Üçer Erduran, Deniz; Demirel, İsmail Ozan; Elias-Ozkan, S. T.; Üçer Erduran, Deniz; Demirel, İsmail Ozan
Tuğla duvarlar sağlam ve uzun ömürlü olmalarına rağmen farklı sebeplerle yıkıma maruz kalırlar. Bu çalışma Ankara Çiğdem Mahallesinde 1990’larda inşa edilmiş tuğla duvar dolgulu betonarme bir kooperatif binasının yıkım sürecini sunmaktadır. Yıkım sonrası atık olarak sahada biriken yatay delikli tuğla duvar parçaları incelenmiş ve yeniden kullanıma uygun olabilecekleri gözlenmiştir. Tuğlalar, sıva ve harç numuneleri laboratuvarda basınç testine, duvar parçaları da başlangıç kayma dayanımı testine tabi tutulmuştur. Elde edilen mukavemet değerleri ve ölçülen diğer fiziksel özellikler ilgili standartlardaki değerlerden yüksek olduğu için kullanılmalarının uygun olduğu sonucuna varılmış ve uygun bir yeniden kullanım metodu sunulmuştur. Son olarak, bu metot temel alınarak yıkımda oluşan genel duvar atıklarının kurtarılması için nasıl düzenlemeler yapılabileceği tartışılmıştır.
Open Access
Analysis of Residential lighting in Poland: Results from a winter term survey
(2021-09-01) Pracki, P.; Aslanoğlu, R.; Kazak, J. K.; Ulusoy, B.; Yekanialibeiglou, Sepideh; Yekanialibeiglou, Sepideh
In 2020, an international project on residential lighting started and was implemented in four countries (Poland, Sweden, UK and Turkey). This article presents the results of a survey carried out in Poland, in the winter term between November 2020 and January 2021. A total of 125 Polish residents (59 women, 65 men, one person did not wish to specify gender) participated in the survey. A variety of data was collected on the respondents and their assessments as well as on their satisfaction with day- and artificial lighting in residential living spaces. The results from questionnaires were analyzed with STATISTICA 13.3. Descriptive statistics and Spearman rank order correlations were adopted to identify the light-related aspects, lighting patterns, and respondents’ perception of day- and artificial lighting conditions in living areas. The results revealed that satisfaction with daylighting in the living area, both in summer and winter, was significantly correlated with daylighting level, daylighting uniformity, sunlight exposure and view-out. The results also revealed that satisfaction with artificial lighting was significantly correlated with artificial lighting level, artificial lighting uniformity and color rendering. The results provide valuable information on lighting and factors that influence the luminous environment in residential living spaces.
Open Access
An analysis of Turkey's telecommunications sector's social responsibility practices online
(Elsevier Ltd, 2015) Ozdora-Aksak, E.
Rooted in social identity theory, this exploratory study focuses on Turkey's four largest telecommunications companies (Turkcell, Türk Telekom, Avea, and Vodafone) to determine how public relations and corporate social responsibility practices help construct organizational identity. To achieve its aim, the study performs a thematic content analysis of the companies' corporate websites and social media accounts. Study results reveal that, in addition to focusing on their core business functions, telecommunications companies in Turkey try to create value and construct a legitimate identity by emphasizing community benefits and their superiority vis-à-vis their competitors. This study also demonstrates that companies' CSR activities play a crucial role in constructing organizational identity and gaining legitimacy. © 2015 Elsevier Inc.
Open Access
Analyzing occupants' control over lighting systems in office settings using immersive virtual environments
(Elsevier BV, 2021-06) Mahmoudzadeh, Parisa; Afacan, Yasemin; Adi, Muhamad Nadim; Mahmoudzadeh, Parisa; Afacan, Yasemin; Adi, Muhamad Nadim
Research has identified occupant behavior as one of the key contributors to building energy performance gap. Thus, this study systematically analyzed the impact of having personal control over lighting system on occupants' lighting choices, lighting satisfaction, and task performance in a virtual office setting. For this purpose, 30 participants took part in a 3-phased experiment with immersive virtual environments (IVEs). Each phase of the experiment offered a different degree of control over the lighting. Personality traits were also studied in relation to lighting choices. Finally, a technology acceptance model (TAM) was employed to further investigate the participants’ attitude towards the virtual reality (VR) technology. The findings of this study showed that using an interactive lighting system, which was as satisfactory compared to a conventional lighting system, encouraged the participants to use more natural light. The interactive lighting system imposed the same amount of cognitive load on the participants for performing a reading task as a conventional lighting system, which was significantly lower than their cognitive load scores for performing the task with automated lighting system. Personality analyses demonstrated that the participants with a high score on openness had a wide range of lighting choices either with conventional or with interactive lighting. This study's results differed from the previous studies by highlighting that the participants considered VR as a better fit to an enjoyable experience rather than a useful tool for performing serious tasks.
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The application of the physiologically equivalent temperature to determine impacts of locally defined extreme heat events within vulnerable dwellings during the 2020 summer in Ankara
(Elsevier, 2022-03-09) Santos Nouri, A.; Charalampopoulos, I.; Matzarakis, A.; Santos Nouri, A.
This study addresses the limited work related to Heat Stress (HS) vulnerability within indoor/outdoor contexts and its relationship with local Extreme Heat Events (EHEs). Centred upon Ankara, the study focuses on building upon its weaker approach to human thermophysiological vulnerabilities in an era of climate change, and unregulated urban densification. Through newly defined local EHEs, the physiologically equivalent temperature (PET) (and its cumulative derivatives), were utilised to develop the limited approaches that utilise Energy Based Models in the scope of EHE risk management. The study was undertaken by processing hourly data from 2008 to 2020 from Ankara's Meteorological Station, and Esenboga Meteorological Station. At a finer 10 min resolution, an interior Kestrel Heat-stress Station was used to assess summer thermal conditions in 2020 within a thermally vulnerable, yet still very frequent, residential Turkish construction typology. Among other outcomes, the results indicated the permanency of indoor PET that remained above 27 °C during non EHE periods. In the case of a Very Hot Day (VHD33), PET remained between 29 and 32.9 °C for almost 24 h. The thermal index also indicated how forced convective cooling led to indoor reductions of PET by 3–4 K, and in duration of such HS levels to less than 2 h. © 2022