Scholarly Publications - Mechanical Engineering

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11693/115626

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Open Access
Kinematic design of a novel finger exoskeleton mechanism for rehabilitation exercises
(Springer Cham, 2024) Kiper, Gökhan; İnanç, Emirhan; Lenarčič, J.; Husty, M.
The paper presents the kinematic design of a novel low-cost two degree-of-freedom finger exoskeleton mechanism to be used for rehabilitation exercises for post-stroke or injured patients. The first degree-of freedom is for the flexion/extension of metacarpophalangeal joint and is achieved via a planar 4-bar loop. The second degree-of-freedom is for the simultaneous flexion/extension of distal/proximal interphalangeal joints and is achieved via an over-constrained double-spherical 6-bar linkage, where 3 of the links are the phalanges of the finger and 2 of the joints are finger joints themselves. So, the number of extra links are less compared to other designs in the literature. The motion of an index finger is recorded via image processing. The four-bar mechanism part is designed for optimum transmission angle characteristics. The formulation and application of the kinematic synthesis of the 6-bar linkage is presented. The design is verified via a prototype.
Open Access
Comparison of iterative solvers in isogeometric boundary element formulation for heat transfer problems with non-linear boundary conditions
(Springer, 2024-09-10) Atak, Kaan; Gümüş, Özgür Can; Çetin, Barbaros
Boundary element method is a widely used numerical technique to solve partial differential equations (PDEs). Although the solution of linear PDEs with linear boundary conditions is straightforward, the presence of non-linearities requires additional steps which is the case for many heat transfer problems. In this study, a basis for heat transfer problems with non-linear boundary conditions is constructed by employing the isogeometric boundary element method, which leverages parametric functions used for geometry modeling to represent the field variables. The heat transfer problem with radiative and convective boundary conditions is solved with a non-linear solver in which different linear solvers are utilized. The performances of direct and iterative solvers are assessed. Preconditioners are employed to increase the convergence rate of iterative solvers. The accuracy of the proposed method is assessed by comparing the results with the analytical solution and the performance of each solver is determined by the elapsed time required for the convergence.
Open Access
Implementation of volume correction and mesh relaxation algorithms in isogeometric boundary element formulation for modeling droplet motion
(Springer, 2024-09-10) Gümüş, Özgür Can; Kabacaoğlu, Gökberk; Çetin, Barbaros
Numerical techniques are required to understand the details of the flow that are infeasible or difficult for experimental techniques. The boundary element method is an advantageous technique to model interfacial dynamics problems due to its boundary-only discretization feature. In this study, isogeometric boundary element formulation is proposed to model the evolution of the interface of a droplet in 2D confined flows with a variable viscosity ratio. To reduce the computational cost while maintaining high accuracy, low spatial resolutions are used. However, simply reducing the resolution leads to non-physical results such as violating the incompressibility condition which becomes a severe problem for specific viscosity ratios. In this work, stabilization algorithms are developed to address the numerical artifacts at low resolutions. The volume correction algorithm is employed to avoid the drift in the volume of fluid enclosed in the droplet. Mesh relaxation technique is utilized to preserve the mesh quality for a range of Capillary numbers. The proposed method that is systematically integrating these algorithms offers a unified way to model the dynamics of droplets with accurate geometry representation with a compressed meshing procedure at low spatial resolutions.
Open Access
Accelerated solution methodology for 3D hydrodynamic and thermal modeling of grooved heat pipes with complex geometries
(Springer, 2024-08-31) Gökçe, Gökay; Çetin, Barbaros; Dursunkaya, Zafer
Heat pipes play a crucial role in industrial thermal management owing to their exceptional heat-carrying capacity, minimal thermal resistance and reliable performance. However, designing and optimizing heat pipes becomes intricate especially when dealing with multi-phase heat transfer encompassing complex phenomena like phase-change processes (i.e., evaporation, condensation and free surface flow). Grooved heat pipes, characterized by complex groove shapes, introduce an additional layer of complexity necessitating physically based mathematical models and skin friction correlations that may not always be readily available or may yield inferior results. To address these limitations, an innovative computational methodology is integrated into a commercial CFD program (Fluent®) using the Python® programming language. This approach allowed for comprehensive computation of the 3D fluid flow field and heat transfer phenomena within grooved heat pipes. Notably, the methodology incorporates data fitting procedures for boundary conditions leading to a substantial acceleration of the computation process and a reduction in solution times. This investigation represents a substantial advancement in addressing the challenges of multi-phase heat transfer phenomena while providing a compelling solution to the limitations of previous modeling methodologies for grooved heat pipes. Furthermore, the proposed methodology exhibits versatility, extending beyond its initial scope to encompass complex geometries like omega-shaped grooves and various physical scenarios involving phase-change phenomena and free-surface flow. Due to its comprehensive insights and adaptable framework, developed methodology serves as a valuable tool for analyzing heat pipes with multiple grooves addressing a significant gap in the literature.
Open Access
Dielectric detection of single nanoparticles using a microwave resonator integrated with a nanopore
(American Chemical Society, 2024-02-08) Seçme, Arda; Küçükoğlu, Berk; Pisheh, Hadi S.; Alataş, Yağmur Ceren; Tefek, Uzay; Uslu, Hatice Dilara; Kaynak, Batuhan E.; Alhmoud, Hashim; Hanay, M. Selim
The characterization of individual nanoparticles in a liquid constitutes a critical challenge for the environmental, material, and biological sciences. To detect nanoparticles, electronic approaches are especially desirable owing to their compactness and lower costs. While electronic detection in the form of resistive-pulse sensing has enabled the acquisition of geometric properties of various analytes, impedimetric measurements to obtain dielectric signatures of nanoparticles have scarcely been reported. To explore this orthogonal sensing modality, we developed an impedimetric sensor based on a microwave resonator with a nanoscale sensing gap surrounding a nanopore built on a 220 nm silicon nitride membrane. The microwave resonator has a coplanar waveguide configuration with a resonance frequency of approximately 6.6 GHz. The approach of single nanoparticles near the sensing region and their translocation through the nanopores induced sudden changes in the impedance of the structure. The impedance changes, in turn, were picked up by the phase response of the microwave resonator. We worked with 100 and 50 nm polystyrene nanoparticles to observe single-particle events. Our current implementation was limited by the nonuniform electric field at the sensing region. This work provides a complementary sensing modality for nanoparticle characterization, where the dielectric response, rather than ionic current, determines the signal.
Embargo
The derivation of CRSS in pure Ti and Ti-Al alloys
(Elsevier Ltd, 2024-11-26) You, Daegun; Çelebi, Orçun Koray; Mohammed, Ahmed Sameer Khan; Bucsek, Ashley; Şehitoğlu, Hüseyin
The work focuses on the determination of the critical resolved shear stress (CRSS) in titanium (Ti) and titanium-aluminum (Ti-Al) alloys, influenced by an array of factors such as non-symmetric fault energies and minimum energy paths, dislocation core-widths, short-range order (SRO) effects which alter the local atomic environment, and tension-compression (T-C) asymmetry affected by intermittent slip motion. To address these multifaceted complexities, an advanced theory has been developed, offering an in-depth understanding of the mechanisms underlying slip behavior. The active slip systems in these materials are basal, prismatic, and pyramidal planes, with the latter involving both ( a ) and ( c + a ) dislocations. Each slip system is characterized by distinct Wigner-Seitz cell configurations for misfit energy calculations, varying partial dislocation separation distances, and unique dislocation trajectories-all critical to precise CRSS calculations. The theoretical CRSS results were validated against a comprehensive range of experimental data, demonstrating a strong agreement and underscoring the model's efficacy.
Embargo
The effect of fluid viscoelasticity in soft lubrication
(Elsevier Ltd, 2024-07) Sarı, Mehmet Hakan; Putignano, Carmine; Carbone, Giuseppe; Biancofiore, Luca
This study explores the influence of fluid viscoelasticity in soft lubrication, in which elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) plays an important role. Our findings reveal that introducing polymers can significantly reduce the friction coefficient, particularly for high Deborah numbers, i.e., the ratio between the polymer relaxation time and the flow residence time, due mainly to an increased minimum film height. This augmented film thickness reduces the Newtonian pressure contributions, lowering friction. The study highlights the non-linear relationship between Deborah numbers, load, and viscoelasticity effects, as well as the complex interplay between these factors in the Pipkin space analysis. These insights provide a comprehensive understanding of the fluid viscoelasticity in soft lubricated contacts.
Embargo
Inverse design of short-range order arrangement via neural network
(Elsevier Ltd, 2024-11-29) You, Daegun; Çelebi, Orçun Koray; Abueidda, Diab W.; Gengör, Görkem; Mohammed, Ahmed Sameer Khan; Koric, Seid; Şehitoğlu, Hüseyin
Short-range order (SRO) plays a critical role in the mechanical behavior of metallic alloys. The arrangement of atoms at short ranges significantly impacts how the material responds to external forces. Nevertheless, the mechanics of these phenomena remain poorly understood. The identification of SRO in experiments is constrained by the low resolution of intensity distribution and the limitations associated with the direct observation of atomic arrangements in the lattice within the SRO domains. On the other hand, modeling the mechanical properties of short-range-ordered alloys is challenged by computationally expensive density functional theory (DFT)-based Monte Carlo (MC) simulations required to achieve the SRO structure dictated by energy minimization. This study aims to replace these expensive simulations with a trained machine learning (ML) model that yields accurate energy values for a given atomic structure. Further, we train an inverse model to determine the atomic configuration corresponding to the given SRO parameter. We propose a data-driven approach to map out the SRO directly to the atomic arrangements, combining ab initio calculations and a Neural Network (NN) model. We perform DFT-based MC simulations for Ni-V alloys in a wide range of solute compositions. Then, forward and inverse NN models are trained to map the SRO parameters into atomic arrangements or vice-versa. We predict the critical resolved shear stress (CRSS) for slip for all the studied configurations encompassing random and SRO structures and discuss the effect of SRO on the flow stress. The proposed ML methodology provides atomic arrangements from target order parameters with high accuracy, thereby eliminating the need for expensive simulations, and it advances the understanding of SRO at the atomistic scale.
Embargo
Numerical analysis of the dispersion and deposition of particles in evaporating sessile droplets
(American Chemical Society, 2024-06-20) Erdem, Ali Kerem; Denner, Fabian; Biancofiore, Luca
Evaporating sessile droplets containing dispersed particles are used in different technological applications, such as 3D printing, biomedicine, and micromanufacturing, where an accurate prediction of both the dispersion and deposition of the particles is important. Furthermore, the interaction between the droplet and the substrate must be taken into account: the motion of the contact line, in particular, must be modeled carefully. To this end, studies have typically been limited to either pinned or moving contact lines to simplify the underlying mathematical models and numerical methods, neglecting the fact that both scenarios are observed during the evaporation process. Here, a numerical algorithm considering both contact line regimes is proposed whereby the regimes are distinguished by predefined threshold contact angles. After a detailed validation, this new algorithm is applied to study the influence of both regimes on the dispersion and deposition of particles in an evaporating sessile droplet. In particular, the presented analysis focuses on the influence of (i) the contact line motion characteristics by varying the limiting contact angle and spreading speed, (ii) the Marangoni number, characterizing the importance of thermocapillarity, (iii) the evaporation number, which quantifies the importance of evaporation, (iv) the Damköhler number, a measure of the particle deposition rate, and (v) the Peclet number, which compares the convection and diffusion of the particle concentration. When thermocapillarity becomes dominant or the limiting contact angle is larger, the particle accumulation near the contact line decreases, which, in turn, means that more particles are deposited near the center of the droplet. In contrast, increasing the evaporation number supports particle accumulation near the contact line, while a larger Damköhler number and/or smaller Peclet number yield more uniform final deposition patterns. Finally, a larger characteristic speed of spreading results in fewer particles being deposited at the center of the droplet.
Open Access
Single-material solvent-driven polydimethylsiloxane sponge bending actuators
(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. Publishers, 2024-10) Mutlutürk, Esma; Özbek, Doğa; Özcan, Onur; Demirel, Gökçen Birlik; Baytekin, Bilge
Soft robots mimic the agility of living organisms without rigid joints and muscles. Continuum bending (CB) is one type of motion living organisms can display. CB can be achieved using pneumatic, electroactive, or thermal actuators prepared by casting an active layer on a passive layer. The corresponding input actuates only the active layer in the assembly resulting in the bending of the structure. These two different layers must be laminated well during manufacturing. However, the formed bilayer can still delaminate later, and the detachment hampers the actuator's reversible, long-time use. An approach to creating a single material bending actuator was previously reported, for which spatial gradient swelling was used. This authentic approach allows a single material to be manufactured as a bending actuator, allowing easy access to such actuators without lamination. In this study, we show spatial porosity differences in the sponges of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) (a common material in soft robotics) can be used to create the required anisotropy for bending. The spongy polymers are manufactured through table sugar templates and actuated by (organic) solvent absorption/desorption. This enables some versatility in the mechanical properties, shape, actuation force, and actuation speed. The one-material system's straightforward production and seamless nature are advantageous for reversible and repetitive bending. This simple method can further be developed in hydrogels and polymers for soft robotics and functional materials.
Open Access
Homogenization-based space-time topology optimization of tunable microstructures
(Begell House, Inc., 2023-09-05) Keleş, Ahmet Faruk; Temizer, İlker; Çakmakçı, Melih
A topology optimization framework is developed for smart materials with tunable microstructures. The framework addresses spatial and temporal design variables in a unified setting so as to deliver the optimal periodic microstructure with stimulus-sensitive constituents. The optimal topology allows the macroscopic response of the microstructure to track a time-dependent cyclic path in the stress-strain space with minimal error. The relevant homogenization-based variational analysis for the sensitivity-based optimization framework incorporates not only material variables but also the geometry information regarding the unit cell. Extensive numerical investigations demonstrate the ability of the developed approach to deliver optimal topologies for realizable target macroscopic paths. The error in optimization increases monotonically with the degree of unrealizability, yet the critical role of the microstructure in minimizing the error in comparison to a pure time optimization approach is demonstrated in all cases.
Open Access
A computational design framework for lubrication interfaces with active micro-textures
(The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2024-08-27) Pekol, Sena; Kılınç, Özge; Temizer, İlker
The major goal of the present study is to develop a computational design framework for the active control of hydrodynamically lubricated interfaces. The framework ultimately delivers an electrode distribution on an elastomeric substrate such that a voltage-controlled texture may be induced on its surface. This enables the setup to attain a desired time-dependent macroscopic lubrication response. The computational framework is based on a numerically efficient two-stage design approach. In the first stage, a topology optimization framework is introduced for determining a microscopic texture and the uniform modulation of its amplitude. The objective is to attain the targeted fluid flux or frictional traction signals based on the homogenization-based macroscopic response of the texture. As a minor goal, a novel unit cell geometry optimization feature will be developed which will enable working in a design space that is as unrestricted as possible. The obtained designs are then transferred to the second stage where the electrode distribution on a soft substrate is determined along with the voltage variation that delivers the desired amplitude variation. The first stage operates in a two-dimensional setting based on the Reynolds equation whereas the second stage operates in a three-dimensional setting based on an electroelasticity formulation. The two stages are heuristically coupled by transferring the texture topology to the electrode distribution through a projection step. The viability of such an active lubrication interface design approach is demonstrated through numerous examples that methodically investigate the central features of the overall computational framework.
Embargo
Mode-dependent scaling of nonlinearity and linear dynamic range in a NEMS resonator
(AIP Publishing LLC, 2024-08-19) Ma, M.; Welles, N.; Svitelskiy, O.; Yanık, Cenk; Kaya, İsmet İnonu; Hanay, Mehmet Selim; Paul, M. R.; Ekinci, Kamil L.
Even a relatively weak drive force is enough to push a typical nanomechanical resonator into the nonlinear regime. Consequently, nonlinearities are widespread in nanomechanics and determine the critical characteristics of nanoelectromechanical systems' (NEMSs) resonators. A thorough understanding of the nonlinear dynamics of higher eigenmodes of NEMS resonators would be beneficial for progress, given their use in applications and fundamental studies. Here, we characterize the nonlinearity and the linear dynamic range (LDR) of each eigenmode of two nanomechanical beam resonators with different intrinsic tension values up to eigenmode n = 11. We find that the modal Duffing constant increases as n(4), while the critical amplitude for the onset of nonlinearity decreases as 1/n. The LDR, determined from the ratio of the critical amplitude to the thermal noise amplitude, increases weakly with n. Our findings are consistent with our theory treating the beam as a string, with the nonlinearity emerging from stretching at high amplitudes. These scaling laws, observed in experiments and validated theoretically, can be leveraged for pushing the limits of NEMS-based sensing even further.
Open Access
Stability analysis of volatile liquid films in different evaporation regimes
(American Physical Society, 2024-09-20) Mohamed, Omair A. A.; Biancofiore, Luca
We investigate the role of the evaporation regime on the stability of a volatile liquid film flowing over an inclined heated surface using a two-fluid system that considers the dynamics of both the liquid phase and the diffusion of its vapor into the ambient environment. Consequently, the evaporation process is necessarily governed by the competition between (1) the thermodynamic disequilibrium tied to the liquid film's local thickness and (2) the diffusion effects dependent on the interface's curvature. We (1) modify the kinetic-diffusion evaporation model of Sultan et al. [J. Fluid Mech. 543, , 183 (2005)] to allow for the reduction in film thickness caused by evaporative mass loss and (2) combine it with the liquid film formulation of Joo et al. [J. Fluid Mech. 230, , 117 (1991)], and then (3) utilize long-wave theory to derive a governing equation encapsulating the effects of inertia, hydrostatic pressure, surface tension, thermocapillarity, and evaporation. We employ linear stability theory to derive the system's dispersion relationship, in which the Marangoni effect has two distinct components. The first results from surface tension gradients driven by the uneven heating of the liquid interface and is always destabilizing, while the second arises from surface tension gradients caused by imbalances in its latent cooling tied to vapor diffusion above it, and is either stabilizing or destabilizing depending on the evaporation regime. These two components interact with evaporative mass loss and vapor recoil in a rich and dynamic manner. Moreover, we identify an evaporation regime where the kinetic and diffusion phenomena are precisely balanced, resulting in a volatile film that is devoid of the vapor recoil and mass loss instabilities. Additionally, we clarify the dependence of the mass loss instability on the wave number under the two-fluid formulation, which we attribute to the presence of a variable vapor gradient above the liquid's surface. Furthermore, we investigate the effect of film thinning on its stability at the two opposing limits of the evaporation regime, where we find its impact in the diffusion-limited regime to be dependent on the intensity of evaporative phenomena. Finally, we conduct a spatiotemporal analysis which indicates that the strength of vapor diffusion effects is generally correlated with a shift towards absolute instability, while the thinning of the film is observed to cause convective-to-absolute-to-convective transitions under certain conditions.
Open Access
Molecular rheology of nanoconfined oligomer melts
(Society of Rheology, 2024-03-21) Yıldırım, Ahmet Burak; Erbaş, Aykut; Biancofiore, Luca
We use nonequilibrium atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of unentangled melts of linear and star oligomer chains ($C_{25} H_{52}$) to study the steady-state viscoelastic response under confinement within nanoscale hematite ($\left(\right. \alpha - F e_{2} O_{3} \left.\right)$) channels. We report (i) the negative (positive) first (second) normal stress difference and (ii) the presence of viscoelastic tension at low $W i$. With the aim of uncovering the molecular mechanism of viscoelasticity, we link these effects to bond alignment such that absorbed chains near the surface can carry the elastic force exerted on the walls, which decays as the chains become more aligned in the flow direction. This alignment is observed to be independent of the film thickness but enhanced as the shear rate increases or the surface attraction weakens.
Embargo
Mapping flagellated swimmers to surface-slip driven swimmers
(Elsevier Ltd, 2024-08-01) Gidituri, Harinadha; Kabacaoğlu, Gökberk; Ellero, Marco; Usabiaga, Florencio Balboa
Flagellated microswimmers are ubiquitous in natural habitats. Understanding the hydrodynamic behavior of these cells is of paramount interest, owing to their applications in bio-medical engineering and disease spreading. Since the last two decades, computational efforts have been continuously improved to accurately capture the complex hydrodynamic behavior of these model systems. However, modeling the dynamics of such swimmers with fine details is computationally expensive due to the large number of unknowns and the small time-steps required to solve the equations. In this work we propose a method to map fully resolved flagellated microswimmers to coarse, active slip driven swimmers which can be simulated at a reduced computational cost. Using the new method, the slip driven swimmers move with the same velocity, to machine precision, as the flagellated swimmers and generate a similar flow field with a controlled accuracy. The method is validated for swimming patterns near a no-slip boundary, interactions between swimmers and scattering with large obstacles.
Open Access
Productivity enhancement in top-down VPP via concurrent grayscaling and platform speed profile optimization for symmetrical parts having micro scale features
(Springer, 2024-06-14) Güven, Ege; Karpat, Yiğit; Çakmakcı, Melih
Vat Photopolymerization (VPP), a widely adopted additive manufacturing technique, has revolutionized the domain of 3D printing by enabling the precise fabrication of complex structures, including intricate details. However, challenges remain in achieving optimal print quality while improving speed. Conventionally, grayscaling has been used to improve part accuracy in continuous VPP systems as the build platform speed remains constant. Considering a detailed photocurable resin solidification model, together with grayscaling, this study aims to improve productivity by optimizing platform speed profile while maintaining the build quality. While the optimization formulation presented here can be applied to any part, the computational limitations due to the employment of a voxel-based approach and the nonlinear nature of the resulting optimization problem are simplified by adopting a novel discretization methodology utilizing the symmetric properties of the target 3D part. By employing ring elements instead of voxels for cylindrical symmetrical parts, the computational load of the optimization algorithm is dramatically reduced. Experimental results show the proposed concurrent optimization reduces print time by 56% while maintaining superior print surface quality on an hourglass-shaped test part having micro scale features.
Embargo
Isogeometric boundary element formulation for cathodic protection of amphibious vehicles
(Elsevier Ltd., 2024-01) Gümüş, Özgür Can; Atak, Kaan; Çetin, Barış; Baranoğlu, Besim; Çetin, Barbaros
In this study, we propose an isogeometric boundary element formulation for the cathodic protection (CP) modeling for amphibious vehicles which includes the treatment of non-linear boundary conditions. Half-space Green’s functions are utilized which leads to the discretization of the hull surface only. Non-Uniform Rational B-splines (NURBS) are employed to represent both geometry and field variables to obtain higher accuracy where discontinuous collocation points are utilized to make multi-patch implementation easier. Variable condensation technique is applied to manipulate system matrices in a such way that the solution is iterated only on the surfaces where non-linear boundary conditions are assigned which results in reduced computational cost. The computational performance of the formulation is assessed with different solvers for a representative hull geometry.
Embargo
Accelerated 3D CFD modeling of multichannel flat grooved heat pipes
(Elsevier, 2024-10-01) Gökçe, Gökay; Çetin, Barbaros; Dursunkaya, Zafer
Flat grooved heat pipes (HPs) have become essential in advanced thermal management solutions across various engineering applications. Modeling these devices, especially multichannel flat grooved HPs, involves significant challenges due to complex phenomena such as phase-change heat transfer and free-surface flow, requiring substantial computational resources, time and expertise. These constraints often limit the full exploration and optimization of HPs’ potential in diverse applications. To address this gap, an accelerated 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling approach is presented in this study. This novel method begins with a detailed 3D modeling of a single groove, developed using kinetic theory and facilitated by CFD software. The results from this model are then applied as boundary conditions to simulate the entire HP in a multichannel configuration. The importance of this methodology is further highlighted by the alignment of simulation results with experimental observations. The approach significantly enhances computational efficiency by reducing the number of iterations by 10% and computational time by 80%, resulting in a five-fold speed-up. The methodology enables accelerated, comprehensive modeling of multichannel variations and delivers critical insights for optimizing the design of multichannel flat grooved HPs for various engineering applications.
Open Access
Microfluidic vs. batch synthesis of fluorescent poly(GMA-co-EGDMA) micro/nanoparticles for biomedical applications
(Springer Nature, 2024-09-25) Kılınçlı, Betül; Çınar, Ayşe Duru; Çetin, Barbaros; Kibar, Güneş
Fluorescent particles play a crucial role in nanomedicine and biological applications such as imaging, diagnostic tools, drug delivery, biosensing, multimodal imaging, and theranostics. This report presents a novel synthesis method and comparative study for synthesizing fluorescent particles in microfluidic continuous and batch-type reactors. Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and ethylene glycol dimethyl acrylate (EGDMA) are well-known monomers for synthesizing functional particles for biomedical applications. Several methods exist to obtain fluorescent poly(GMA-co-EGDMA) (p(GMA-EGDMA))particles through various polymerization techniques. Unlike existing methods, we developed a green approach for synthesizing fluorescent p(GMA-EGDMA) particles via UV-initiated one-step emulsion polymerization by comparing microfluidic and batch synthesis. Moreover, as a fluorescent dye, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) was directly incorporated with p(GMA-EGDMA) particles at various concentrations to achieve tunable fluorescent functionality. While the batch synthesis resulted in polydisperse fluorescent p(GMA-EGDMA)microparticles with spherical shapes ranging from 25 μm to 1.0 μm in size, the microfluidic synthesis produced nonspherical nanoparticles. Fluorescent FITC@p(GMA-EGDMA) particles were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), fluorescent microscope, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The synthesized particles have potential for fluorescence imaging applications, specifically bio-detection in array systems.