Dept.of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design - Master's degree

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https://hdl.handle.net/11693/13888

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Open Access
The 1912 Galata Bridge as a site of collective memory
(Bilkent University, 2002) Şumnu, Umut; Altınyıldız, Nur
This work looks at the 1912 Galata Bridge as a case study and attempts to examine it as a dual construction in two senses: space and memory. Acknowledging that space and memory mutually construct each other, this thesis explains each term in general but also elucidates the relationship between perception and remembrance of space by reading the materiality of the 1912 Galata Bridge. In that respect, changing meanings attributed to space over time are analysed lead us to recognise two different ways of conceiving space named as 'spaceness' and 'placeness'. This dual existence is conductive to raising questions about perception of the 1912 Galata Bridge in two layers. Taken separately, its function of conveyance and the property of inhabitation lead us to read 'spaceness' and 'placeness' that also correspond to two ways of remembering it. Its 'spaceness' is perceived by the gaze and remembered through looking at its images, its 'placeness, on the other hand, is experienced by the body and recollected through reading texts that describe the actual engagement. Hence, 'spaceness' and 'placeness', gaze and body, image and text are correspondingly related with each other by the agency of the 1912 Galata Bridge as situated in collective memory.
Open Access
Acoustical comfort evaluation in enclosed public spaces with a central atrium : a case study in food court of CEPA Shopping Center, Ankara
(Bilkent University, 2009) Dökmeci, Papatya Nur; Yılmazer, Semiha
Physical comfort requirements of users as thermal, visual, and acoustic comfort should be considered and studied in detail when designing and planning public spaces. The subjective auditory perception needs to be evaluated parallel with the objective acoustical incidences in a space. The food court area of CEPA Shopping Center with an atrium and a glass dome ceiling, in the capital city of Turkey, Ankara is chosen for the case. The aim of this study is to investigate acoustical parameters of the space via computer simulation program and examine the effect of architectural features of the space namely; central atrium, glass dome and the existing material applications. Considering the relationship between the users’ noise annoyance and the equivalent continuous sound pressure level (Leq) is also intended in this study. The research techniques are computer simulations, noise measurements and questionnaires. Acoustical parameters; reverberation time (RT), early decay time (EDT), sound transmission index (STI) and equivalent continuous sound pressure level (Leq) values are obtained by simulations and measurements. Questionnaires are used for understanding the noise annoyance and auditory perception of the users. The results show that the noise annoyance ratings correlate well with the Leq variances. The most dominantly perceived and the most annoying sound found to be correlated with the highest percentage for speech noise in the food court. Decay time (T30, EDT) results of the space that are derived from the ODEON 6.5 software are found to be very long as expected with a central atrium, glass dome ceiling and highly reflected material applications. In addition, the food court area is defined to be poor in terms of STI. High Leq values as well as long decay times that are present in the space are noted as factors increasing the noise annoyance of the users.
Open Access
Acoustical performance analysis of Bilkent University amphitheater "Odeon"
(Bilkent University, 2004) Sü, Zühre; Yılmazer, Semiha
The aim of this study is analyzing the acoustical quality of Bilkent University Amphitheater ODEON by means of assessing the fundamental acoustical parameters for both speech and music. Defining the problems, specifying the causes of the problems and providing a foundation for the ongoing suggestions are within the frame of the analysis. The parameters such as reverberation time, early decay time, clarity, definition, lateral fraction, sound pressure level and sound transmission index are calculated by the computer simulation technique for their assessment to be carried out. Initially, the results of the simulation software are compared with the previous real-size measurements of Bilkent ODEON for the unoccupied condition of the amphitheater, in order to ensure the accuracy of the software. Proving to be a valid tool, the software namely ODEON Room Acoustics Program, is used in the calculations for the occupied condition of the amphitheater as a basis of the study. The results are evaluated from the acoustical design standpoint of a multipurpose hall, which are followed by the suggestions for the improvement of the existing acoustical performance of the amphitheater. Finally, the suggestions are supported through the simulation results of the new hall that is acoustically renovated.
Open Access
Adaptive re-use of spaces as art galleries: the case of Beyoğlu, İstanbul
(Bilkent University, 2022-06) Erkoç, Göksu; Altay, Burçak
This study aimed to understand adaptive re-use of spaces as art galleries with a focus on gallery owners’ perspectives as well as properties of the spaces. Accordingly, first, criteria were determined by combining art gallery characteristics: spatial visibility, transparency, flexibility, and adaptive re-use characteristics, which are architectural, locational, financial and market characteristics within the context of Beyoğlu. Afterwards, decision making of owners and their prioritizations in the selection of district and the space was explored by questionnaire. This was followed by documentation of the galleries as observation with respect to the determined characteristics. The results show that spatial characteristics of the space and conversion process were less concerned for owners. Therefore, its urban context and presence have much greater importance than its spatial characteristics.
Open Access
The analysis and design of urban near-home environments according to psycho-social needs and behavior of human beings
(Bilkent University, 1996) Serpil, Burçak; Ulusoy, Zuhal
In this study, the design of urban near-home environments is examined considering the social and psychological needs of human beings as well as human spatial behavior. After an introduction to the concepts such as environment, near-home environments, human-environment interaction, human basic needs and human spatial behavior; the basic psycho-social needs of human beings are classified as safety, identity, social contact and privacy. These needs are analysed in relation to the design of urban near-home environments. Within this framework, behavioral concepts like territorility, personalisation, crowding are also considered. Furthermore, a research is conducted in Ankara, in two middle-density apartments with near-home environment of different design features. This research explores and compares the influences of these environments--which differ within themselves in terms of design characteristics--on the satisfaction of residents' psycho-social needs. Design suggestions are proposed at the end of the analysis of the findings of the research.
Open Access
An analysis of basic design students' intuitive and analytic attitudes in colour decisions
(Bilkent University, 2003) Akbay, Saadet; Ertez Ural, Sibel
Colour can be defined as a subjective preference, an experience and an intuitive sense, or as a theory and a science. Design education regards colour as a scientific theory by means of reasoning. The design students’ colour decisions, values, and intuitive attitudes are aimed to be developed and cultivated by colour education in basic design, and supported and equipped by knowledge towards analytical attitudes. Thus, the major concern of this study is to analyze the progression of basic design students’ intuitive and analytical attitudes in colour decisions by means of aesthetic values in case of Interior Architecture and Environmental Department of Bilkent University. The results of the research show that during the progression of colour education in basic design, the students’ colour decision tendencies towards subjective and intuitive attitudes have a decrease and their tendencies towards knowledge-based and analytical attitudes have an increase.
Open Access
Analysis of daily activities of young people with cerebral palsy in their home environments
(Bilkent University, 2022-06) Tanrıverdi, Pınar; Altay, Burçak
In this study the difficulties experienced by young people with cerebral palsy, their level of dependence and related emotions and the level of importance they attach to daily living activities in the home environments are examined and compared. The main purpose of this study is to analyze which activities are most difficult for young people with cerebral palsy and the relationship between difficulties in activities and body parts. Also, it aims to examine during which activities young people with cerebral palsy are more dependent on others and how they feel as a result of this dependence. Furthermore, it also aims to compare the importance level that young people with cerebral palsy give to the activities. The survey phase is conducted with 31 young people with cerebral palsy aged 15-24. Afterwards, separate interviews are held with six participants who volunteered to take part in this phase, who also answered the survey questions. Survey results reveal that young people with cerebral palsy experience varied levels of difficulty in different activities. Also, there is a relationship between difficulties in doing activities and difficulties they experience in different parts of their bodies. Moreover, difficulties in doing daily activities increased their dependence and different emotions occur because of this. Finally, the survey results show that the importance level that young people with cerebral palsy give to the daily activities shift. Interview results reveal that the reasons why young people with cerebral palsy cannot do or not do activities differ and these reasons are explained. Also, the emotions that occur because of being dependent on others and the adaptations that they made or want to make in their homes are discussed.
Open Access
An analysis of preference formation in introductory design education
(Bilkent University, 2001) Koyuncugil, Hüseyin Tolga; Ertez Ural, Sibel
Basic design education is an important experience for design students, since they are expected to construct a basis for their further education and future career, and there are several objectives in basic design education to construct this basis. Moreover, during basic design education students begin to form their preferences on visual aspects of design which will determine the quality of design product. The methodology of basic design education is based on social interaction. However, social choice theory assumes that social interaction between people will result with similar preferences of individuals, as opposite to the objectives of basic design education. Thus, the main concern of this study is to investigate probable effects of social interaction in basic design studio on preference formation of basic design students in the case of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design department of Bilkent University to open up a discussion on the relevancy of basic methodology to its objectives, and the validity of the common consents of basic design education. The results of the research show that students form similar sets of preferences because of their social interaction with instructors and their perceptual tendencies, and this manifests a situation contradicted with the objective of basic design education.
Open Access
An analytical tool for the evaluation of 'open building' projects
(Bilkent University, 2002) Tandoğan, Elif; Demirkan, Halime
Housing, being one of the most important concerns of architecture, has always been an unsolved problem for researchers, especially for architects. This judgement is also valid for the Turkish case. In this work, ‘Open Building’ approach, based on the main principles of leveling, adaptability, variety, and sustainability is proposed as a solution to the quality and quantity related housing problems in Turkey. Examining the principles, strategies, and methods employed in the applied ‘Open Building’ projects, an analytical tool is developed to encourage the application of these principles, strategies, and methods in the Turkish context. The two-staged analytical tool evaluates the previous ‘Open Building’ projects’ decisions according to their success in satisfying the ‘Open Building’ issues, and the applicability of these decisions to the housing projects in Turkey, in terms of legal and technical restrictions. Aimed at guiding the designers, who are to apply the ‘Open Building’ principles to the housing initiatives in Turkey, the analytical tool firstly helps to select the best ‘Open Building’ applications, and then evaluates them within the legal and technical framework to determine their suitability to Turkey. In this thesis, the two projects, Next 21 Experimental Housing in Japan, and Voorburg Renovation Project in the Netherlands are evaluated according to the developed tool to demonstrate its operation and benefits in the design phase of the housing process. As a result of this study, it is concluded that ‘Open Building’ principles can be applicable to the Turkish context, and the developed tool would be helpful in implementing these principles to the housing designs.
Open Access
Analyzing occupants’ control over lighting systems in office settings using virtual environments
(Bilkent University, 2020-12) Mahmoudzadeh, Parisa; Afacan, Yasemin
This study systematically analyzed the impact of having personal control over lighting system on occupants’ lighting choices, lighting satisfaction, and task performance in a virtual office setting. For this purpose, 30 participants took part in a 3-phased experiment with immersive virtual environments (IVEs). Each phase of the experiment offered a different degree of control over the lighting. Personality traits were also studied in relation to lighting choices. Finally, a technology acceptance model (TAM) was employed to further investigate the participants’ attitude towards the virtual reality (VR) technology. The findings of this study showed that using an interactive lighting system, which was as satisfactory compared to a conventional lighting system, encouraged the participants to use more natural light. The interactive lighting system imposed the same amount of cognitive load on the participants for performing a reading task as a conventional lighting system, which was significantly lower than their cognitive load scores for performing the task with automated lighting system. Personality analyses demonstrated that the participants with a high score on openness had a wide range of lighting choices either with conventional or with interactive lighting. This study’s results differed from the previous studies by highlighting that the participants considered VR as a better fit to an enjoyable experience rather than as a useful tool for performing serious tasks.
Open Access
Analyzing student satisfaction with blended learning in a studio and non-studio course
(Bilkent University, 2017-04) Aksoydan, Hazal; Afacan, Yasemin
The aim of this thesis is to explore whether student satisfaction with blended learning (BL) differs according to studio and non-studio courses. Moreover, this thesis also aims to investigate the direct and indirect effects of BL environment on overall course satisfaction and student performance. The thesis is conducted at Bilkent University in Ankara, during 2015-2016 Spring and Fall Semester. Third and fourth year Interior Architecture and Environmental Design students, who are taking a studio and a non-studio course within a blended learning environment, are participated in the study. A structured survey was conducted under 4 different factors of BL: (1) interaction, (2) instruction, (3) instructor, and (4) technology. Findings were obtained by calculating exploratory factor analyses for each course type. Later, the developed factors were analyzed by employing Structural Equation Modeling to test direct and indirect effects among performance, course satisfaction and overall course satisfaction. The findings indicated that the direct effect of BL satisfaction and overall course satisfaction on student performance is statistically significant in both studio courses and non-studio courses
Open Access
Analyzing the effects of different critique techniques on the success of interior architecture students
(Bilkent University, 2015) Günday, Çiler Gözde; Afacan, Yasemin
This study presents the design education literature in terms of design studio learning by reviewing teaching styles, learning models and learning process. Additionally, the term critique is defined as a backbone of the learning process in design studios. The study focuses on three-critique techniques that are desk critiques, pin-up critiques and group critiques. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of different critique techniques on the success of interior architecture students. It also explores correlations between student attitudes toward each critique technique and its contribution to the design process. A research was conducted with 3rd year interior architecture students in 2014- 2015 Fall Semester at Bilkent University. It was found that there was not a statistically significant relationship between student attitudes towards group, pin-up critiques and their final performance scores; however, there is a statistically significant relationship between student attitude toward desk critique and their final performance scores. Furthermore, the contribution of a critique technique to design process is highly correlated with student preference for this critique technique.
Open Access
Analyzing the effects of thermal comfort and indoor air quality in design studios and classrooms on student performance
(Bilkent University, 2017-07) Ranjbar, Ali; Afacan, Yasemin
The present study aims to evaluate the effects of the different ventilation modes on thermal comfort and indoor air quality in design studios and classrooms. It also investigates its associations with student performance. For this purpose, experimental and subjective measurements are used in both studio and classroom, in Interior Architecture and Environmental Design Department at Bilkent University, Ankara. CO2 concentration, indoor temperature and humidity values are collected in both winter and summer season under the three modes of ventilation: 1) without opening door and windows mode setting; (2) natural ventilation mode and (3) the mechanical TROX school-air unit mode. The thermal comfort and IAQ was investigated through CO2 concentration and temperature and humidity in these three different ventilation modes. Under these three modes in both seasons, student performance is assessed based on concentration and attention test results. Both experimental and subjective results have shown that the mechanical TROX school-air unit mode is the most satisfactory indoor environment in terms of standards, where the highest grade of students’ concentration and attention are obtained.
Open Access
Asessing usability of virtual reality for basic design education
(Bilkent University, 2018-07) Özgen, Dilay Seda; Afacan, Yasemin
Being an emerging technology, virtual reality is used in a wide range of fields such as medicine, gaming, psychology and sociology. There are also wide range of researches that compare traditional and digital methodologies in design education. However, in design education, there is a limited research into the implementation of virtual reality (VR). Therefore, this thesis focuses on the usability of virtual reality in design education, especially during problem-solving activity in basic design education. This thesis presents the basic design education literature in terms of digital approaches, virtual reality technologies, usability criteria and also technology acceptance model. In order to to analyze the usability of virtual reality in basic design education, an experimental study conducted with 20 first year interior architecture and architecture students in the Spring semester of 2017-2018 academic year, at Bilkent University. It is found that there is a statistically significant difference in terms of intention to use and perceived enjoyment between the VR group and paper-based group. Moreover, there is also a statistically significant effectiveness difference between of VR and paper-based environment. As a result of that, it is stated that VR can support problem-solving activity of basic design education.
Open Access
Audio-visual perception of outpatients in an oncology polyclinic
(Bilkent University, 2022-06) Uğurlu, M. Zeynep; Yılmazer, Semiha
This study aims to analyze the effects of auditory and visual perception in a hospital environment to provide comfort for the outpatients. The research focused on the waiting area of an oncology polyclinic. The binaural audio recordings and 360° photographs were taken from three different locations (reception area, courtyard area, and corridor) on the site. Audio recordings were visualized through signal processing, and the photographs were evaluated through image analysis via MATLAB to show the auditory and visual differences among the locations. These three locations differed from each other in their auditory and visual environments. Regarding the hospital auditory environment, sound sources are human activity-related and technology-based. The reception area has an indoor opening, the courtyard area has indoor and outdoor openings, and the corridor area has none. Voluntary oncology outpatients in three locations in the polyclinic were given questionnaires (n=66) and interviewed (n=20). Questionnaires were analyzed in IBM SPSS Statistics, and interviews were analyzed with the Grounded Theory method in ATLAS.ti software. Equivalent Continuous A-Weighted Sound Level (LAeq) measurements were taken within the interview hours and at one-hour intervals from three locations. The questionnaire revealed that the courtyard area is calmer and more pleasant than the other areas. The conceptual framework created with semi-structured interviews showed how the auditory and visual environments affect the outpatients' perception. The conceptual framework revealed audio-visual perceptions in the hospital environment with the existing condition and outpatients' preferences and proposed suggestions for a hospital environment.
Open Access
Bodies and spaces "in contact" : a study on the dancing body as means of understanding body-space relationship in an architectural context
(Bilkent University, 2001) Uysal, V. Şafak; Wilsing, Markus
Architectural discipline has long “repressed” the human body, the necessity of speaking of “bodies” in their plural form, and the ineradicable interdependency between body and space. However, especially the second half of the twentieth century has witnessed a number of attempts in the articulation of a “bodily architecture”. In an attempt to contribute to its refiguration, this study moves the body from the periphery to the centre of analysis. The author discusses the possibilities of studying theatrical dance in arriving at an “adequate” understanding of the relationship between body and space, constructing an analogy to the Contact Improvisation technique. The notions that are developed throughout the study of eight choreographic instances, with reference to the theoretical premises of studying Contact, trace four different type of relationship categories regarding body and space while demonstrating the potential of the body as a space-generating agent. Within such a framework, bodies and spaces are conceived as both cultural and historical products bearing peculiar natural qualities that position them as both an object and subject with powers of being affected from and affecting each other. The study concludes with a brief discussion on the possible linkages that may be constructed between the progression of bodily analogy in architecture and the conception of the body in dance and Performance Studies.
Open Access
Boundaries of gendered space : traditional Turkish house
(Bilkent University, 2001) Dengiz, Esma Burçin; Altınyıldız, Nur
This work looks at the traditional Turkish house and its two boundaries from the point of gender-space relationship. Acknowledging that gender and space mutually construct each other, this thesis explains both the manifestation of gender difference in the built environment in general, and how the domestic environment in Ottoman architecture and gender mutually construct each other. The two boundaries of the hayat house are analyzed, as regards the body and the gaze of the woman. These are the house-street boundary (street façade and its components, also living areas which are adjacent to the street façade’s interior and exterior) and the house-garden boundary (garden façade and its components, also living areas which are adjacent to the garden façade’s interior and exterior). In this respect, the boundaries of the house are thresholds between the public and the private, the exterior and the interior, therefore they express the binaries that these bring within. By looking at the body and gaze of the woman at these thresholds, the oppositions of these thresholds are illustrated.
Open Access
Boundary-creating practices in work spaces of academics working from home during the Covid-19 pandemic
(Bilkent University, 2022-09) Kılıç, Sare; İmamoğlu, Çağrı
This study aims to explore the ways of creating boundaries of academics working from home and investigate the differences between the practices of creating these boundaries. Although working from home is not a new practice, Covid-19 pandemic shifted the working patterns of most people, especially the education-related branches such as academics. This exploratory study investigates how people set up their work environments and the boundaries in response to the change in the working practice. The study consists of an exploratory interview that contains classified questions on spatial, temporal, and psychological boundaries people create in their working environments. Interviews were held face-to-face and online via Zoom with 20 participants. The thematic analysis method was used to analyze the collected data. The findings suggest that the ways of creating boundaries differ between individuals, and these changes are affected by factors such as marital status, population at home, and spatial limitations. The results give a general idea and offer an insight into the optimal separation or connection of working spaces in the home.
Open Access
Changes in the socio-economic structure of an existing neighborhood after the urban regeneration project: the case of Dikmen Valley
(Bilkent University, 1998) Direkçi, Filiz Korkmaz; Ulusoy, Zuhal
In this thesis, the aim is to evaluate the impact of an urban regeneration project on the socio-economic structure of an existing neighborhood based on the hypothesis that urban regeneration generally results in a change in the socio-economic structure of the regenerated neighborhood. Dikmen Valley which is one of the most important urban regeneration projects implemented in a squatter settlement has been chosen as the case. The focus of this study is the socio-economic status of people presently living in the houses constructed for the rightowners during the first phase of the project. Furthermore, variances between people that reside in Dikmen Valley are analyzed in order to affirm the existence of different socio-economic groups in contradiction with the initial of the project. The research question of the nature of the changes are based on the socio-economic profile of the people who preferred to stay and who chose to move in the Valley after the project is completed. The differences between the socioeconomic groups are measured in terms of the decision of choosing to stay or move in to the Valley, social networks, interactions in and with the open spaces, the use and evaluation of the environment, and prospects about staying in the Valley or moving out. As a result of this study, it is found that currently two distinct socio-economic groups live in the same environment, as opposed to the homogenous social structure of the Valley prior to the project.
Open Access
Changing identity of space/place : the case of Bars Street in Bodrum
(Bilkent University, 2006) Bilgenoğlu, Burcu; Öztürk, Maya
This study is on changing identity of space/place. It addresses problems of space/place with respect to continuity and change. It attempts to establish and test a framework of tangible constituents through which real sites can be examined and which allow understanding and rendering the changes occurring in each of these constituents and their relationships over time. Based on a literature survey on space, place and identity, a conceptual framework in terms of physical characteristics of the built environment, functional organization and social characteristics is derived. Such a framework appears appropriate especially for sites where rapid functional re-organization is underway, while relative continuity in the physical characteristics is maintained. In this way, by exploring various aspects of these constituents, their interdependencies and effects, changes in the identity of space/place can be depicted, identified and examined. This framework is, then, employed in a case study comparing two different conditions of the same site. The framework is employed as a tool to (1) study these two conditions of the site in terms of continuity and change, (2) test the efficiency of the constituents in the examination of identity of space/place. Thus, diverse techniques, such as documentation, observation, spatial analyses, in-depth interviews and statistical analyses were used in a complementary way to explore and compare the given conditions. The findings of the case study supported the effectiveness of the selected constituents as tools for the study. In the course of the work, their relationships to and their effects upon identity of space/place were rendered and exemplified.