Humanities and Letters

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Open Access
10 yıl sonra Dede Korkut Oğuznameleri ve notlar
(Geleneksel Yayıncılık, 2010) Özay, Y.
Semih Tezcan ve Hendrik Boeschoten’in hazırladıkları, 2001 yılında Yapı Kredi Yayınları’ndan çıkan Dede Korkut Oğuznameleri (316 s.) ile yine aynı yıl, aynı yayınevinden çıkan Semih Tezcan’ın hazırladığı Dede Korkut Oğuznameleri Üzerine Notlar (424 s.) adlı kitaplar üzerine yirmi üç kitap tanıtım ya da kitap eleştiri yazısı çıkmıştır. Türkiye’de yayınlanmış bir çalışma üzerine altısı uluslararası dergilerde olmak üzere bu kadar çok yazı yayınlanması öncelikle çalışmanın önemini ve ciddiyetini gösterir, bunun yanında bu yeni çalışma birçok araştırmacının dikkatini çekecek ve üzerinde yorum yapmasına teşvik edecek yeni bazı kapılar açmış olmalıdır. Bu yazıda, bu yeniliklerin neler olduğu, dokuz yıl içerisinde bu çalışmaların nasıl tepkiler aldığı, ilk kez bu çalışmalarda önerilen çözümlerin hangilerinin sorgulanmadan onaylandığı ve hangi çözümlerin eleştirildiği tartışmaya açılacaktır.
Open Access
18. yüzyılda klasik mesnevide değişim ve sürerlik bağlamında Şeyh Gâlib'in Hüsn ü Aşk'ının "Işıknâme" olarak kurgusu
(Harvard University * Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations, 2013) Tezcan, N.
Open Access
1814'ten 2011 'e Seyahatname araştırmalarının tarihçesi
(T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı, 2011) Tezcan, Nuran; Tezcan, Nuran; Tezcan, S.
Open Access
1990 lı Yıllardan 2000 lere süregiden eğitilme sürecinin benlik inşasında yol açtığı hasarlar
(2014) Yavuz, Ayşe Duygu
Open Access
Abnormal subcortical activity in congenital mirror movement disorder with RAD51 mutation
(Turkish Society of Radiology, 2018) Demirayak, Pınar; Onat, Onur Emre; Gevrekci, A. Ö.; Gülsüner, S.; Uysal, H.; Bilgen, R.; Doerschner, Katja; Özçelik, Tayfun; Boyacı, Hüseyin
PURPOSE Congenital mirror movement disorder (CMMD) is characterized by unintended, nonsuppressible, homologous mirroring activity contralateral to the movement on the intended side of the body. In healthy controls, unilateral movements are accompanied with predominantly contralateral cortical activity, whereas in CMMD, in line with the abnormal behavior, bilateral cortical activity is observed for unilateral motor tasks. However, task-related activities in subcortical structures, which are known to play critical roles in motor actions, have not been investigated in CMMD previously. METHODS We investigated the functional activation patterns of the motor components in CMMD patients. By using linkage analysis and exome sequencing, common mutations were revealed in seven affected individuals from the same family. Next, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) we investigated cortical and subcortical activity during manual motor actions in two right-handed affected brothers and sex, age, education, and socioeconomically matched healthy individuals. RESULTS Genetic analyses revealed heterozygous RAD51 c.401C>T mutation which cosegregated with the phenotype in two affected members of the family. Consistent with previous literature, our fMRI results on these two affected individuals showed that mirror movements were closely related to abnormal cortical activity in M1 and SMA during unimanual movements. Furthermore, we have found previously unknown abnormal task-related activity in subcortical structures. Specifically, we have found increased and bilateral activity during unimanual movements in thalamus, striatum, and globus pallidus in CMMD patients. CONCLUSION These findings reveal further neural correlates of CMMD, and may guide our understanding of the critical roles of subcortical structures for unimanual movements in healthy individuals.
Open Access
Abstract «idols» from Troy
(Roemisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, 2004) Zimmermann, T.
Five abstract Early Bronze Age idols from the Schliemann Collection of Trojan objects in the Römisch-Germanische Zentralmuseum are presented. Apart from their formal classification possible alternative functions of certain types are discussed, for example polishing stones or net weights. Finally the partly abstract, partly naturalistic »Kilia-idols« dating to the Chalcolithic period, are taken to appraise the problem of the genesis of small abstract sculpture in western Turkey.
Open Access
Acropolis
(SAGE, 2010) Gates, Charles; Hutchison, R.
Open Access
Adam Smith's problems: sympathy in the national tale
(University of St. Thomas Center for Irish Studies, 2013) Bartoszynska, K.
It is a critical commonplace to read Lady Morgan’s The Wild Irish Girl (1806) and Maria Edgeworth’s Ennui (1809) as national tales that use allegories of marriage to model a successful reconciliation between England and Ireland in the aftermath of the Act of Union. The national tale was a clearly political mode, one with the primary goal of representing Ireland anew to a class of English readers who saw the Irish as hopelessly backward and savage, and thereby articulating a model for the Union on the level of sentiment. This aim was hardly covert: it is openly declared, for example, on the title page of The Wild Irish Girl, which quotes Fazio Delli Uberti’s Travels Though Ireland in the 14th Century: “This race of men, tho’ savage they may seem / The country, too, with many a mountain rough, / Yet are they sweet to him who tries and tastes them. Copyright © 2008 The University of St. Thomas.
Open Access
Addiction, empire, and narrative in Arthur Conan Doyle's the sign of the four
(Duke University Press, 1999) Randall, D.
Open Access
The adoption of pictorial imagery in Minoan wall painting: a comparativist perspective
(The American School of Classical Studies at Athens, 2004) Gates, Charles; Chapin, A.
A striking feature of Minoan wall paintings is the sudden adoption of pictorial imagery in the Neopalatial period. This change calls for an explanation, but so far, that explanation has proved elusive. Those specialists in Aegean frescoes who have addressed this problem have focused on the possible artistic antecedents or on the functions of the mural imagery, notably its putative religious and decorative purposes, but have not considered the circumstances that gave rise to such imagery in the first place. This paper will explore these issues of origins and functions, with particular attention paid to Knossos. The explanation proposed here, with the help of three cross-cultural comparisons, is that pictorial imagery in Minoan wall painting resulted from the major political change that marked the transition from the Protopalatial to Neopalatial periods on Crete: the consolidation of island-wide power in Knossos, in the hands not of an auto- crat, but of an oligarchic or theocratic regime. Pictorial imagery, at least in Neopalatial Crete, is not only an artistic preference, but also an ideological choice, an expression of particular political, social, and religious conditions.
Open Access
Aegean and aegeanising geometric pottery at Kinet Höyük: new patterns of Greek pottery production, exchange and consumption in the Mediterranean
(Cambridge University Press, 2023-05-29) Gimatzidis, S.; Gates, Marie-Henriette; Lehmann, G.
This paper examines the Aegean and Aegeanising ceramic wares of Geometric type that were recovered in excavations at the Cilician seaport of Kinet HöyÜk. Its Geometric pottery assemblage, published here for the first time, is among the largest found so far in the eastern Mediterranean and provides the starting point for a new reconstruction of Greek pottery consumption patterns in the eastern Mediterranean. With this aim, we first present the formal and archaeometric characteristics of the Kinet repertoire, the nature of its archaeological contexts, and how it compares with Geometric ceramic assemblages elsewhere. The second part of our paper assesses this popular Aegean ceramic type's modes of production in order to define the conditions that sponsored the many dimensions of its distribution, exchange and consumption.
Open Access
Agora
(SAGE, 2010) Gates, Charles; Hutchison, R.
Open Access
Agricultural strategies and the Roman Military in Central Anatolia during the Early Imperial Period
(Mersin University, Research Center for Cilician Archaeology, 2013) Bennett, J.
A recent review of the palaeoenvironmental and related evidence for the multiperiod site of Gordion has identified a pattern of intensive and ultimately unsustainable land use for the region during the Roman period, a pattern interpreted as resulting from the need for over-production by estate-owners to comply with the “often onerous taxes” levied by the provincial authorities. The nature of these “onerous taxes” is not made clear in that review, but it can be argued that the Roman period intensification of land use at Gordion initially came about from the need to supply food for the legionary and auxiliary troops stationed in Galatia and Cappadocia from the Neronian-Flavian period onwards. This explanation is suggested by the evidence that Gordion served as a Roman military base between the mid-1st and the early 2nd centuries. As the use of the location in this way began almost a full century after Galatia was provincialised, a military presence there at that time is unlikely to have been required for security reasons. In which case there is a strong probability that this activity was somehow linked with the increased military activity in Central and Eastern Anatolia that began in the Neronian-Flavian period.
Open Access
Ağrıdağı Efsanesi'nden sözlü edebiyata "metinlerarası" bir yolculuk
(Geleneksel Yayıncılık, 2009) Kurtuluş, M.
Son yıllarda, edebiyat dışı görsel kültür ürünleri de metinlerarası çalışmaların bir parçası olarak ele alınmaktadır. Sözlü edebiyat ürünleri ise, hâlâ metinlerarasılık kuramının dışında bırakılmaktadır. Kristeva, Genette, Barthes gibi kuramcıların metinlerarası ilişkileri yazılı edebiyat ürünlerine özgü bir durum olarak incelemeleri de sözlü kültür ürünlerinin uzun bir süre bu kuramın dışında kalmasının bir sebebidir. Yaşar Kemal’in Ağrıdağı Efsanesi adlı romanında ise, metinlerarası ilişkilerin kurulmasını sağlayan ortak motiflerin tümü sözlü edebiyat ürünlerine dayanır. Bu romanda, metinlerarasılık ilişkisinin kurulmasını sağlayan yöntemin anıştırma (allusion)’ olduğu görülür. Bu çalışmada, öncelikle metinde hangi sözlü edebiyat ürünlerine gönderme yapıldığı açıklanacak, sonra bu metinlerarası motiflerin romanda nasıl bir işlevi olduğu üzerinde durulacaktır. Son olarak metne, Yaşar Kemal’in kurduğu metinlerarası ilişkilerin bu romanda çoksesliliğin oluşmasına ve çeşitli söylemlerin çarpışmasına (heteroglossia) katkıda bulunup bulunmadığı sorusu sorulacatır.
Open Access
Akaike and the No Miracle Argument for scientific realism
(Cambridge University Press, 2023-08-03) Fatollahi, Alireza; McCullagh, M.
The “No Miracle Argument” for scientific realism contends that the only plausible explanation for the predictive success of scientific theories is their truthlikeness, but doesn’t specify what ‘truthlikeness’ means. I argue that if we understand ‘truthlikeness’ in terms of Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence, the resulting realist thesis (RKL) is a plausible explanation for science’s success. Still, RKL probably falls short of the realist’s ideal. I argue, however, that the strongest version of realism that the argument can plausibly establish is RKL. The realist needs another argument for establishing a stronger realist thesis.
Open Access
Alger, Horatio, Jr.
(SAGE Publications, Inc., 2004) Winter, Thomas; Carroll, Bret E.
The author of over one hundred novels, Horatio Alger, Jr., has come to be associated with a rags-to-riches narrative that combines moral uplift with social mobility. In the majority of his novels, a young, destitute street boy is discovered by an older, wealthy man who enlists the boy's services, offers assistance and guidance, and enables him to ascend the social ladder. Alger's novels address the consequences of urbanization and economic transformation for changing notions of manhood in Gilded Age America. Alger's emphasis on paternalistic relations as a means of uplift may have a biographical background: In 1866, Alger had to leave his post as minister of a Unitarian church in Brewster, Massachusetts, over charges of having sexually abused young boys. Upon arriving in New York, Alger ...
Open Access
'All that glitters is not gold, nor all that sparkles silver'-fresh archaeometrical data for Central Anatolian Early Bronze Age metalwork
(Cambridge University Press, 2009-09) Zimmermann, T.; Yıldırım, T.; Özen, L.; Zararsız, A.
Open Access
All the pretty Mexican girls: whiteness and racial desire in Cormac McCarthy's all the pretty horses and cities of the plain
(Western Literature Association, 2014) Reimer, J. A.
All the Pretty Mexican Girls: Whiteness and Racial Desire in Cormac McCarthy’s All the Pretty Horses and Cities of the Plain” uses a critical analysis of race and gender to argue that John Grady Cole’s relationship with Alejandra and Magdalena invokes a larger and longer history of the commodification and sexualization of women’s bodies in the contact zone of the US-Mexico borderlands. The critical concerns this article addresses seek to re-situate McCarthy’s influential borderlands writing within a more nuanced series of border encounters that expose how transactions between regional, national, and international material realities on the US-Mexico border make available certain identities and modes of representation. Exposing the links between McCarthy’s representations and real-world material realities are crucial to this analysis because they reveal how McCarthy both accounts for and disavows the operations of power and history on the US-Mexico border. McCarthy’s border novels represent an in-between space where western history and the Western genre can be self-consciously invoked and revised, but only to a certain extent. John Grady Cole may be a more compassionate and “politically correct” John Wayne, yet the violence, sexual and otherwise, perpetrated on the bodies of brown women in the Border Trilogy reminds us how much McCarthy’s white masculinities rely on such abject bodies in order to fashion their own ambivalent agency in the brutal world of McCarthy’s borderlands.
Open Access
An alternative republic, religion or lifestyle: Fenerbahçe soccer team and supporters
(2006) Buğra, M.G.
Soccer has an importance in the facilities of socializing in modern city. Especially some local teams make people socialized in the neighborhood. This article discusses the cultural codes that is made by soccer itself and the folklore of supporter groups. The aim of this article is to discuss the relation between soccer and daily life at the sample of this social group.
Open Access
Ambivalence for cognitivists: a lesson from chrysippus?
(John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2017) Wringe, B.
Ambivalence—where we experience two conflicting emotional responses to the same object, person or state of affairs—is sometimes thought to pose a problem for cognitive theories of emotion. Drawing on the ideas of the Stoic Chrysippus, I argue that a cognitivist can account for ambivalence without retreating from the view that emotions involve fully-fledged evaluative judgments. It is central to the account I offer that emotions involve two kinds of judgment: one about the object of emotion, and one about the subject's response.