Browsing by Subject "Trade"

Now showing 1 - 18 of 18

Restricted
Ankara genç iş adamları derneğinin kuruluşu ve Türk ticaretine katkIları
(Bilkent University, 2021) Erkan, Mehmet; Özbek, Gülce; Mart, Yağız; Laçin, İrfan; Yeniçeri, İpek Naz
Türkiye’de iş adamları dernekleri ticari ve sosyal alanlarda etkinlikler düzenleyen, ülkenin ya da bulunduğu şehrin ekonomisine katkı verecek projeleri hayata geçiren veya bu projelere ön ayak olan kurumlardır. Çalışmada, Ankara Genç İş Adamları Derneğinin (ANGİAD) 1991 yılında kurulmasına neden olan ekonomik, politik ve sosyal durumlara değinildi. Ayrıca derneğin ilerleyen dönemlerinde Ankara Ticaretine sunduğu katkılarına odaklanıldı. Son olarak derneğin yapısı açıklandı.
Restricted
Ankara Ticaret Borsası’nın tarihçesi
(Bilkent University, 2022) Şengül, Deniz; Turan, Serhan; Coşkun, Dilay; Delibaş, Çağrı; Tutuş, Ahmet Memduh
Bu makalede Cumhuriyet Döneminde kurulan ilk ticaret borsalarından biri olan Ankara Ticaret Borsası’nın kuruluş süreci, organizasyonu, yapısındaki faaliyetlerin değişimi ve günümüzdeki faaliyetleri anlatılmıştır. 1927 yılında kurulan Ankara Ticaret Borsası ülkemize tarım ve hayvancılık sektörleri hakkında yenilikler getirmiş, ilk canlı hayvan borsacılığını kurmuş ve Ankara’daki ticaretle uğraşan kişilere maddi ve manevi yarar sağlamış tarihi bir kurumdur. Bu yazıda ATB’nin geçmiş faaliyetleri borsa arşivinden alınan raporlarla birlikte incelenmiş, aynı zamanda borsanın güncel genel sekreteri ve basın müşaviri ile görüşmeler yapılarak araştırma zenginleştirilmiştir.
Open Access
A Comparative Analysis of the United States’ Trade Frictions with China, Japan and South Korea, 1985-2016
(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Biga İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi, 2017) Bayar, Tuğba; Bayar, M.
This article investigates the interplay between interstate economic and security relations by conducting a comparative analysis of United States’ (U.S.) trade frictions with China, Japan and South Korea. The data demonstrate that the U.S. responded to its East Asian allies during the Cold War with retaliatory measures when they started to make trade surpluses against the U.S. Thus, it could be expected that the U.S. would respond to its mounting trade deficit against China after 2001 even more decisively, since it has had territorial disputes with this country. However, our analysis indicates that the U.S. followed a more docile approach with China until its 2008 economic crisis. This puzzle is explained by a number of economic and political factors. Our analysis concludes with insights for the coordination of trade and security policies at the governmental level and for the World Trade Organization’s dispute settlement mechanism.
Restricted
Eğitimci ve sanayici: Cemil Alevli
(Bilkent University, 2020) Süyür, Berfin; Çapan, Bengisu; Ozan, Rabia Nur; Özer, Dila; Fıycı, Salih Ayberk
Cemil Alevli Cumhuriyet yıllarında hayatını Gaziantep’in gelişimine adamış, Gaziantep’in önde gelen sanayici, siyasetçi ve eğitimci isimlerinin arasında yer almaktadır. Doğduğu şehir Gaziantep’in gelişmesi adına, Almanya’da aldığı eğitimlerin ardından Türkiye’ye dönmüş ve sanayi faaliyetlerine başlamıştır. Ardından siyasete yönelmiş, milletvekilliği ve CHP İl Başkanlığı gibi görevler üstlenmiştir. Siyasi hayatının sonlarına yaklaşırken eğitim alanına yönelen Cemil Alevli, birçok ilkokul ve ortaokulun açılmasına öncülük etmiş, Gaziantep ve Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesindeki ilk kolej olan Gaziantep Kolej Vakfı’nın kuruluşuna öncülük etmiştir. Ayrıca Gaziantep sosyal yaşamının gelişmesinde birçok katkısı bulunan Alevli, 1 Nisan 1972 tarihinde vefat etmiştir.
Open Access
Interior space organization of nineteenth century shops in Burdur Arasta
(1995) Sarıçetin, Yelda
The aim of this study is to analyse the interior space organizations of three 19th century shops in Burdur Arasta. In order to make decisions on functional and aesthetic solutions about them, it is necessary to have a definite knowledge about the background of commerce and commercial space. Therefore, a historical research was carried out about the development of the commercial life, commercial spaces and tradesmen in Anatolia under Turkish hegemony until the end of the 19th century. Furthermore, the development of the single shop unit and shopping methods in general and in Turkey were examined with examples throughout history. Additionally, a field survey is carried out in Burdur Arasta. As a result of the field survey, Burdur Arasta, Karagoz Shops in particular, were studied with the first-hand information. Consequently, three of the Karagoz Shops were appraised with contemporary solutions.
Restricted
Karadeniz vapuru
(Bilkent University, 2018) Kestir, Bengisu; Şen, Duygu; Aydın, Kaan Ruhi; Dalbay, Dilara Mebrure; Cebeci, Revna
Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun yıkılmasının ardından, aynı topraklarda kurulan, genç ve modern Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, tüm devrim ve yeniliklere rağmen henüz uluslararası camiada, Osmanlı’nın etkisinden çıkamamıştır. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin yeni ve çağdaş bir devlet olarak Avrupa’da tanıtılması gerekmiş ve bu gereksinimden yola çıkarak Cumhurbaşkanı Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, bir ticaret sergisi kurmayı amaçlasa da maddi zorluklar sebebiyle mümkün olmamıştır. Ancak ilerleyen süreçteki çalışmalar, “Karadeniz Vapuru” adı altında seyyar bir sergi projesinin doğmasına zemin hazırlamıştır. Karadeniz Vapuru’nda tütünden halıya, Riyaset-i Cumhur Orkestrası’ndan Robertli tercüman öğrencilere kadar, Türk kültürünü ve modern Türkiye’yi temsil eden birçok ürün, kişi ve değer bulunmuştur. Seyyar sergi, on iki ülke ve on altı şehir gezerek, Batı’da Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin tanıtılmasını sağlamışsa da tarih sayfalarında kendine bir yer bulamamıştır.
Open Access
Labor migration and trade patterns in the presence of age composition differences across countries: an overlapping generations analysis
(2000) Uyar, Ali Emre
This study examines various effects of population growth differentials across countries by using a two country overlapping generations (OLG) general equilibrium model and shows that the resulting differences in age composition of populations provide not only a basis for trade but also incentives for international migration of labor. The analysis starts by considering autarky equilibria of the countries that are assumed to be identical except for population growth rates initially, and shows that the country with the lower (higher) population growth rate will have higher (lower) capital per worker, wage rate and lifetime utility at all times. The cases of free trade and international mobility of labor are then simulated for a comparative investigation. The simulations with the considered migration scheme reveal that the steady state value of migration rate equalizes the post-migration population growth rates in both coimtries. When trade is also taken into consideration, the results indicate that the country that is attractive to the migrants would prefer trade to migration, if it is a large country relative to the other. If both countries are equal in size, on the other hand, trade turns out to be Pareto-inferior to migration for the host country, with autarky being Pareto-superior to both trade and migration.
Unknown
New evidence for fish processing in the Ancient Eastern Mediterranean: formalised epinephelus butchery in fifth century bc Kinet Höyük, Turkey
(John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2016) Çakırlar, C.; Ikram, S.; Gates, M. H.
Archaeological evidence for fish preparation in the Eastern Mediterranean is scarce. A Late fifth century deposit at Kinet Höyük provides tangible evidence for the systematic butchering of large individuals of Epinephelus (groupers), and possibly of Mugilidae (mullets), and Clarias gariepinus (African catfish). Butchery marks on head and proximal trunk regions of groupers follow a consistent pattern, indicating the processing of large fish heads for, apparently, local redistribution and consumption at the settlement. Although elements of the vertebral column remaining between the atlas and the ultimate vertebra are virtually absent in the assemblage associated with these butchered fish remains, this differential representation of elements does not appear to be an unequivocal reflection of fish processing techniques and subsequent trade. The insufficiency of research on ancient fisheries and fishing in the Eastern Mediterranean poses an obstacle to contextualise this deposit within a general historical and archaeological framework.
Open Access
New trade models with different distributions
(2013) İkizler, Hüsniye Burçin
In this thesis, we estimate the Ricardian trade model of Eaton and Kortum (2002) using a different extreme value distribution for the productivity distributions of countries. Due to its analytical convenience, it is now a common tradition in international trade literature to assume that the distribution of productivities follows a Fr´echet distribution, which is the case for Eaton and Kortum (2002) model as well. However, recent studies have shown that the estimation results are sensitive to this parametrization. In view of this, we estimate the Eaton and Kortum (2002) model where Weibull distribution is used for the distribution of productivities and show that estimated results change when we use another distribution.
Open Access
New trade models, different distributions, same old results?
(Elsevier, 2020-02-01) Pehlivan, Özgür Ayşe
In this paper we estimate Ricardian trade model of Eaton and Kortum (2002) using a different extreme value distribution, Weibull, for the productivity distributions of countries rather than the standard Fréchet assumption. The use of Weibull has the advantage of keeping elasticity of substitution in our estimation equation enabling us to account for demand effects. We find that incorporating this effect leads to lower comparative advantage parameter estimates. Additionally, we find that the state of technology (absolute advantage) rankings of the countries are similar in Weibull and Fréchet cases.
Open Access
Ottoman-Polish diplomatic relations in the sixteenth century
(2003) Wawrzyniak, Krzysztof
The Ottoman Empire and Poland-Lithuania remained direct neighbors from the late Middle Ages until the end of eighteenth century. Long coexistence of both states led to development of rich and diverse forms of contacts on various levels. The sixteenth century was marked by both continuity and change in the bilateral contacts. The overall peaceful political and diplomatic cooperation during the reign of the last Jagiellonians evolved into active competition by the end of the sixteenth century. The Ottoman statesmen tried to influence results of first royal elections and to secure continuity of the balance of power in Central Europe. This policy became most successful during the reign of Stephan Bathory. The reign of Bathory’s successor, Sigismund III Vasa became a step towards a century of military conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Unlike the political relations, trade and other economic activities remained stable. The thesis will present a critical approach towards existing historiography as such and it will reexamine major questions concerning the Ottoman-Polish relations in the sixteenth century. The Ottoman attempts to influence the royal elections in Poland-Lithuania and the border activities of the Cossacks, the Tatars and the border lords will be analyzed, in order to verify whether they influenced the deterioration of bilateral political and diplomatic issues. Practical dimensions of everyday OttomanPolish contacts together with analysis of major reasons of changes in relations will be the focal point of this study.
Open Access
Overview
(CEPR, 2005) Togan, Sübidey; Hoekman, B.; Togan, Sübidey; Hoekman, B.
Open Access
Phoenicians in Cilicia during the Middle Iron Age: the scope of their presence
(2020-06) Kısmet Okur, Yaprak
This thesis is a study on the use of Phoenician language for the monumental inscriptions which were set up in Plain Cilicia, and dated to the mid 8th c. BC. This thesis aims to assess the hypothesis that Phoenician, as the "trade language" of the eastern Mediterranean and the ancient Near East, became the lingua franca of the period, for the settlements in Plain Cilicia. In order to follow this hypothesis, the political structure and trade network of the period are presented. On the one hand, by proposing what motivated the local rulers in using Phoenician as the second written language, and on the other hand, based on the analysis of the archaeological and historical evidence, this thesis also questions the interest and the presence of the Phoenicians in Cilicia during the Middle Iron Age.
Restricted
Sakarya Meydan Muharebesi döneminden günümüze Haymana’da dayanışmanın örneği: Yüzbaşıoğlu Ailesi
(Bilkent University, 2020) Kabul, Bersi; Biltekin, Cemre; Aykutalpoğlu, Kaan; Yerli, Mustafa Tolga; Salar, Oğuz
Kurtuluş Savaşı, işgal altındaki bölgelerde konuşlanmış Türk ordusunun ve bölgelerdeki Türk halkının dayanışması ile kazanılmış bir mücadeledir. Sakarya Savaşı'nda Haymana bölgesinde maddi imkanı bulunan Türk aileler, savaştan yorgun düşmelerine rağmen orduya çeşitli yardımlarda bulunmuşlardır. Yüzbaşıoğlu ailesi de, Haymana'nın Culuk ve Halaşlı köylerinde ordunun ihtiyaçlarını karşılamıştır. Savaş sonrasında ekonominin millileştirilmesi adına devlet, Yüzbaşıoğlu ailesini ticarete atılmaları için desteklemiştir. Bu çalışmada, Yüzbaşıoğlu ailesinin yaşadıklarından Haymana'da Sakarya Savaşı savunması, savaş sonrasında Ulus'ta yaptığı ekonomik faaliyetler ve bugünkü iktisadi uğraşları anlatılmıştır.
Open Access
Taft's open door policy to the near east : dollar diplomacy practices in the ottoman empire
(2015-09) İplikçi, Murat
This thesis analyzes the United States' Dollar Diplomacy and its practices towards the Ottoman Empire during William Howard Taft's presidency. The United States was not quite interested in improving its economic and diplomatic relations with the Ottoman Empire, before the reopen of the Ottoman Parliament in 1908. On the other hand, the declaration of the Second Constitution and new parliamentary system grasped the attention of the US Government. From the American point of view, this new state system would be more open and acquiescent to adopt American institutions and cooperation in various fields, in the name of modernization. The United States commenced to increase its economic, diplomatic, and commercial relations with the Ottoman Empire, in this era. During Taft's presidency, American foreign policy concentrated on assisting and protecting any American commercial interests, around the world with the promotion of American businesses, investment, and trade. In his short term, Taft gave importance to conduct this policy, which cited as the Dollar Diplomacy, in the Ottoman Empire along with Central American states and China. This policy could not reach its ultimate success in the empire in aspect of promoting American investments intensely, in this country. As they experienced throughout the Chester Project, which was a significant railroad concession project in the Eastern Anatolia, the Ottoman Empire struggled with political problems in this era and its negative effect over the American investments were distinguishable. Still, this era witnessed significant progress in not only in aspect of promotion of American initiatives, as the Chester Project, but also economic and commercial relations with the help of the State Department.
Restricted
Türk kahvesinin tarihi ve nitelikli Türk kahveciliği
(Bilkent University, 2022) Kuşhan, Canatay Battal; Ateş, Deniz; Ateş, Elif; Sayın, Esra; Kıprızlı, Kutay
Kahve bitkisi 10. yüzyılda Afrika’da keşfedilmiştir. Çeşitli yollarla dünyanın başka yerlerine taşınan kahve, Yemen çekirdekleriyle Osmanlı Devleti’ne girmiştir. Osmanlı Devleti hem kahve bitkisinin Avrupa tarafından tanınmasına vesile olmuş hem de bu bitkiden hazırlanan ilk modern kahve içeceğini Türk kahvesi adı ile tüm dünyaya göstermiştir. Türk kahvesi kahve çekirdeğinin öğütülme, pişirilme ve sunumuyla kendine has bir kahve çeşididir. Zamanla Türk kahvesi, Türk topraklarında toplumsal birliktelik anlamı kazanmıştır. Osmanlı’da yaygınlaşan kahvehane kültürü toplumun sosyal hayatına katkıda bulunmuştur. Kahvehaneler, halka haberleşme ve sosyalleşme merkezleri olarak hizmet etmiştir. Oluşmaya 16. yüzyılda kahvehaneler ve sarayda başlayan Türk kahvesi kültürü, zamanla değişen sosyal yapı ve içeceğin üretiminde görülen kalite kaybı sonucu Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nde zayıflamıştır. Kalitedeki en bariz düşüş, Büyük Buhran sebebiyle kahvenin temin edildiği kaynağın sınırlandırıldığı dönem olan 1930-1940 yılları aralığında görülmüştür. Bu dönemde değerini kaybeden Türk kahvesinin, bir zamanlar hem ülke sınırları içinde hem de dünya genelinde sahip olduğu değeri henüz geri kazanamadığı görülmektedir.
Open Access
What determines intra-EU trade? The gravity model revisited
(2010) Ok, S. T.
Since the pioneering work of Tinbergen (1962) and Pöyhonen (1963), the gravity model has become the standard tool to study bilateral trade. Alternative approaches, such as a complete demand system by country as in Barten et al. (1976), were never very popular. We propose several extensions of the standard gravity model. The modified equation is tested using panel data of 140 observations over the period 2000-2008. This yields a specification that allows for (i) a more flexible income response; (ii) a competitiveness effect with a general and a specific component; and (iii) an alternative and consistent measure of remoteness. The extensions were found to be significant factors in explaining intra-EU trade.
Open Access
What do we know about the interactions between trade and the environment?
(Nova Science Publishers, 2002) Alpay, Savaş; Smith, E. V.
Does trade liberalization increase (global) environmental degradation? Do environmental regulations hinder the competitiveness of domestic industries against their foreign rivals? Can trade policies be used as an enforcement tool for the international environmental agreements to protect the global environment? We present a survey of the trade and the environment literature from these perspectives. Mainstream economic argument- that free trade is beneficial to every participant has been questioned by many authors who formally consider environmental consequences of trade liberalization in their studies. Secondly, the supposedly adverse effects of environmental policies on international competitiveness have not been supported by empirical studies. Finally, it has been shown that free riding on the contribution to global environmental protection of other countries becomes less likely when the countries are trade partners to each other.