Browsing by Subject "Opium"

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    1971 haşhaş ekim yasağının Denizli-Kocabaş kasabasındaki ekonomik ve sosyal etkileri
    (Bilkent University, 2020) Kenar, Sıla; Kural, Duygu; Yaprak, Talha Eren; Ahi, Mehmet Selim; Töre, Duygu
    Haşhaş Türkiye coğrafyasında Türkiye Cumhuriyetinden de önce yetiştirilmiş, özütünden ilaç ve uyuşturucu yapılan, bu sebepten ekimi Osmanlı Devleti döneminde başlayarak Cumhuriyet döneminde de artan miktarda yasalarla sınırlandırılmış bir bitkidir. Haşhaşın yetişebildiği iklim koşulları ekim alanlarını kısıtladığından Türkiye Cumhuriyeti günümüzde en fazla yasal afyon ihracatı yapan ülkeler arasında yer alır. 1971 senesinde Amerika Birleşik Devletleri tarafından baskı sonucu haşhaş ekimi Türkiye’de yasaklanmış, 1974’te yeni Türk hükümetince ekimine şartlı olarak tekrar izin verilmiştir. Araştırmamız Türk-Amerikan haşhaş krizini Kocabaş Köyünün haşhaş çiftçilerinin gözünden, dönemde köyde tarım yapan Habibe Taş ile yapılan röportajın ışığı altında inceleyerek, kararın tarlalardaki Türk çiftçisine ekonomik ve sosyal anlamda etkilerini ortaya koymaktadır.
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    Orientalism in the Victorian Era
    (Oxford University Press, 2017) Kennedy, Valerie; Rabinowitz, P.
    Orientalism in the Victorian era has origins in three aspects of 18th-century European and British culture: first, the fascination with The Arabian Nights (translated into French by Antoine Galland in 1704), which was one of the first works to have purveyed to Western Europe the image of the Orient as a place of wonders, wealth, mystery, intrigue, romance, and danger; second, the Romantic visions of the Orient as represented in the works of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Percy Bysshe Shelley, George Gordon, Lord Byron, and other Romantics as well as in Thomas Moore’s Lalla Rookh; and third, the domestication of opium addiction in Thomas de Quincey’s Confessions of an English Opium Eater. Victorian Orientalism was all pervasive: it is prominent in fiction by William Thackeray, the Brontë sisters, Charles Dickens, Wilkie Collins, Joseph Conrad, and Rudyard Kipling, but is also to be found in works by Benjamin Disraeli, George Eliot, Oscar Wilde, and Robert Louis Stevenson, among others. In poetry Edward Fitzgerald’s Rubaiyat is a key text, but many works by Alfred Tennyson and Robert Browning also show the influence of Orientalist tropes and ideas. In theater it is one of the constant strands of much popular drama and other forms of popular entertainment like panoramas and pageants, while travel writing from Charles Kingsley to Richard Burton, James Anthony Froude, and Mary Kingsley shows a wide variety of types of Orientalist figures and concepts, as do many works of both popular and children’s literature. Underlying and uniting all these diverse manifestations of Victorian Orientalism is the imperialist philosophy articulated by writers as different as Thomas Carlyle, John Stuart Mill, and Karl Marx, supported by writings of anthropologists and race theorists such as James Cowles Pritchard and Robert Knox. Toward the end of the Victorian era, the image of the opium addict and the Chinese opium den in the East End of London or in the Orient itself becomes a prominent trope in fiction by Dickens, Wilde, and Kipling, and can be seen to lead to the proliferation of Oriental villains in popular fiction of the early 20th century by such writers as M. P. Shiel, Guy Boothby, and Sax Rohmer, whose Dr. Fu Manchu becomes the archetypal version of such figures.
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    Uyuşturucu Maddeler İnhisarı’nın açılış ve kapanış süreci (1930-1938)
    (Bilkent University, 2021) Özkara, Enes Ali; Güzelcik, Eren; Sümbül, Furkan; Metin, Mehmet Berat; Hakyemez, Mehmet Talha
    Zararlarının keşfedilmesiyle beraber tüm dünyada yaygın olarak kullanılan ve ticareti yapılan eroine karşı başta ABD ve Çin olmak üzere ülkeler önlem almaya başladı. Dünya genelinde konferanslar düzenlenip anlaşmalar imzalandı. Bu sırada Türkiye Cumhuriyeti ise mevcut şartlar dolayısıyla bu anlaşmalara yaklaşma taraftarı olmadı. Karşı karşıya kaldığı ağır yaptırımlar sonucu hükümet, bu anlaşmalara taraf olmayı kabul etti ve ülke genelinde uyuşturucu üretimini denetleyebilmek için Uyuşturucu Maddeler İnhisarı’nı kurdu.
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    Yankee levantine : David Offley and Ottoman – American relations in the early nineteenth century
    (2016-09) Avcı, Ayşegül
    This study focuses on the role of David Offley who settled in Smyrna and opened the first American trade house in 1811 which lead to the establishment of economic, diplomatic, social and cultural relations between the United States and the Ottoman Empire. Through his own personal efforts, he made an arrangement with Ottoman office holders, which put Americans almost at the level of the most favored nations and established the groundwork for the first formal treaty between the United States and the Ottoman Empire, concluded and ratified in 1831. During this period a small American Levantine community was established in Smyrna, Turkey opium became an important trade item in American trade to China and diplomacy between the US and Ottoman State entered its infant stages.