Browsing by Subject "Automation"

Now showing 1 - 16 of 16

Open Access
Automatic image captioning
(2004) Pan J.-Y.; Yang H.-J.; Duygulu, Pınar; Faloutsos, C.
In this paper, we examine the problem of automatic image captioning. Given a training set of captioned images, we want to discover correlations between image features and keywords, so that we can automatically find good keywords for a new image. We experiment thoroughly with multiple design alternatives on large datasets of various content styles, and our proposed methods achieve up to a 45% relative improvement on captioning accuracy over the state of the art.
Open Access
Automatic Ranking of Retrieval Systems in Imperfect Environments
(ACM, 2003-07-08) Nuray, Rabia; Can, Fazlı
The empirical investigation of the effectiveness of information retrieval (IR) systems requires a test collection, a set of query topics, and a set of relevance judgments made by human assessors for each query. Previous experiments show that differences in human relevance assessments do not affect the relative performance of retrieval systems. Based on this observation, we propose and evaluate a new approach to replace the human relevance judgments by an automatic method. Ranking of retrieval systems with our methodology correlates positively and significantly with that of human-based evaluations. In the experiments, we assume a Web-like imperfect environment: the indexing information for all documents is available for ranking, but some documents may not be available for retrieval. Such conditions can be due to document deletions or network problems. Our method of simulating imperfect environments can be used for Web search engine assessment and in estimating the effects of network conditions (e.g., network unreliability) on IR system performance.
Open Access
A fast neural-network algorithm for VLSI cell placement
(Pergamon Press, 1998) Aykanat, Cevdet; Bultan, T.; Haritaoğlu, İ.
Cell placement is an important phase of current VLSI circuit design styles such as standard cell, gate array, and Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Although nondeterministic algorithms such as Simulated Annealing (SA) were successful in solving this problem, they are known to be slow. In this paper, a neural network algorithm is proposed that produces solutions as good as SA in substantially less time. This algorithm is based on Mean Field Annealing (MFA) technique, which was successfully applied to various combinatorial optimization problems. A MFA formulation for the cell placement problem is derived which can easily be applied to all VLSI design styles. To demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is applicable in practice, a detailed formulation for the FPGA design style is derived, and the layouts of several benchmark circuits are generated. The performance of the proposed cell placement algorithm is evaluated in comparison with commercial automated circuit design software Xilinx Automatic Place and Route (APR) which uses SA technique. Performance evaluation is conducted using ACM/SIGDA Design Automation benchmark circuits. Experimental results indicate that the proposed MFA algorithm produces comparable results with APR. However, MFA is almost 20 times faster than APR on the average.Cell placement is an important phase of current VLSI circuit design styles such as standard cell, gate array, and Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Although nondeterministic algorithms such as Simulated Annealing (SA) were successful in solving this problem, they are known to be slow. In this paper, a neural network algorithm is proposed that produces solutions as good as SA in substantially less time. This algorithm is based on Mean Field Annealing (MFA) technique, which was successfully applied to various combinatorial optimization problems. A MFA formulation for the cell placement problem is derived which can easily be applied to all VLSI design styles. To demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is applicable in practice, a detailed formulation for the FPGA design style is derived, and the layouts of several benchmark circuits are generated. The performance of the proposed cell placement algorithm is evaluated in comparison with commercial automated circuit design software Xilinx Automatic Place and Route (APR) which uses SA technique. Performance evaluation is conducted using ACM/SIGDA Design Automation benchmark circuits. Experimental results indicate that the proposed MFA algorithm produces comparable results with APR. However, MFA is almost 20 times faster than APR on the average.
Open Access
Female labor force in the nexus of premature deindustrialization and automation
(2018-11) Yücel, Gül
In this study, the effects of automation trends on the occupation groups are studied. Routine task index of occupations in Turkey are calculated and female labor force participation as well as female to male ratios in these occupations are analyzed. Further, the ability of Turkish female workers in adapting themselves to changing nature of occupations is explored by summary statistics from PIAAC survey results. We find that the occupation groups that are susceptible to automation are occupied by female workers.
Open Access
Furniture systems for the automated office
(1992) Farivarsadri, Guita Aviral
Furniture systems are widely used in offices which utilise computers and related equipments. However, these systems are not always efficient and do not satisfy the needs of the organizations and the users. The aim of this study is to analyze these systems used in the automated offices and to set some criteria for their design. These criteria are derived from organizational, functional and technical needs and ergonomic and social considerations.
Open Access
Integrating biological pathways and genomic profiles with ChiBE 2
(BioMed Central Ltd., 2014) Babur, O.; Dogrusoz, U.; Çakır, M.; Aksoy, B. A.; Schultz, N.; Sander, C.; Demir, E.
Background: Dynamic visual exploration of detailed pathway information can help researchers digest and interpret complex mechanisms and genomic datasets.Results: ChiBE is a free, open-source software tool for visualizing, querying, and analyzing human biological pathways in BioPAX format. The recently released version 2 can search for neighborhoods, paths between molecules, and common regulators/targets of molecules, on large integrated cellular networks in the Pathway Commons database as well as in local BioPAX models. Resulting networks can be automatically laid out for visualization using a graphically rich, process-centric notation. Profiling data from the cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics and expression data from the Gene Expression Omnibus can be overlaid on these networks.Conclusions: ChiBE's new capabilities are organized around a genomics-oriented workflow and offer a unique comprehensive pathway analysis solution for genomics researchers. The software is freely available at http://code.google.com/p/chibe. © 2014 Babur et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Open Access
Integrating platform selection rules in the model driven architecture approach
(Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2005) Tekinerdoǧan, B.; Bilir, Sevcan; Abatlevi, Cem
A key issue in the MDA approach is the transformation of platform independent models to platform specific models. Before transforming to a platform specific model, however, it is necessary to select the appropriate platform. Various platforms exist with different properties and the selection of the appropriate platform for the given application requirements is not trivial. An inappropriate selection of a platform, though, may easily lead to unnecessary loss of resources and lower the efficiency of the application development. Unfortunately, the selection of platforms in MDA is currently implicit and lacks systematic support. We propose to integrate so-called platform selection rules in the MDA approach for systematic selection of platforms. The platform selection rules are based on platform domain models that are derived through domain analysis techniques. We show that the selection of platforms is important throughout the whole MDA process and discuss the integration of the platform selection rules in the MDA approach. The platform selection rules have been implemented in the prototypical tool MDA Selector that provides automated support for the selection of a platform. The presented ideas are illustrated for a stock trading system. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005.
Open Access
Iterative disaggregation for a class of lumpable discrete-time stochastic automata networks
(Elsevier, 2003) Gusak, O.; Dayar T.; Fourneau, J. M.
Stochastic automata networks (SANs) have been developed and used in the last 15 years as a modeling formalism for large systems that can be decomposed into loosely connected components. In this work, we concentrate on the not so much emphasized discrete-time SANs. First, we remodel and extend an SAN that arises in wireless communications. Second, for an SAN with functional transitions, we derive conditions for a special case of ordinary lumpability in which aggregation is done automaton by automaton. Finally, for this class of lumpable discrete-time SANs we devise an efficient aggregation-iterative disaggregation algorithm and demonstrate its performance on the SAN model of interest. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Open Access
LinGraph: a graph-based automated planner for concurrent task planning based on linear logic
(Springer New York LLC, 2017) Kortik S.; Saranli, U.
In this paper, we introduce an automated planner for deterministic, concurrent domains, formulated as a graph-based theorem prover for a propositional fragment of intuitionistic linear logic, relying on the previously established connection between intuitionistic linear logic and planning problems. The new graph-based theorem prover we introduce improves planning performance by reducing proof permutations that are irrelevant to planning problems particularly in the presence of large numbers of objects and agents with identical properties (e.g. robots within a swarm, or parts in a large factory). We first present our graph-based automated planner, the Linear Logic Graph Planner (LinGraph). Subsequently we illustrate its application for planning within a concurrent manufacturing domain and provide comparisons with four existing automated planners, BlackBox, Symba-2, Metis and the Temporal Fast Downward (TFD), covering a wide range of state-of-the-art automated planning techniques and implementations. We show that even though LinGraph does not rely on any heuristics, it still outperforms these systems for concurrent domains with large numbers of identical objects and agents. These gains persist even when existing methods on symmetry reduction and numerical fluents are used, with LinGraph capable of handling problems with thousands of objects. Following these results, we also show that plan construction with LinGraph is equivalent to multiset rewriting systems, formally relating LinGraph to intuitionistic linear logic. © 2017, Springer Science+Business Media New York.
Open Access
PATIKA: an integrated visual environment for collaborative construction and analysis of cellular pathways
(Oxford University Press, 2002-06) Demir, Emek; Babur, Özgün; Doğrusöz, Uğur; Gürsoy, Atilla; Nişancı, Gürkan; Çetin Atalay, Rengül; Öztürk, Mehmet
Motivation: Availability of the sequences of entire genomes shifts the scientific curiosity towards the identification of function of the genomes in large scale as in genome studies. In the near future, data produced about cellular processes at molecular level will accumulate with an accelerating rate as a result of proteomics studies. In this regard, it is essential to develop tools for storing, integrating, accessing, and analyzing this data effectively. Results: We define an ontology for a comprehensive representation of cellular events. The ontology presented here enables integration of fragmented or incomplete pathway information and supports manipulation and incorporation of the stored data, as well as multiple levels of abstraction. Based on this ontology, we present the architecture of an integrated environment named PATIKA (Pathway Analysis Tool for Integration and Knowledge Acquisition). PATIKA is composed of a server-side, scalable, object-oriented database and client-side editors to provide an integrated, multi-user environment for visualizing and manipulating network of cellular events. This tool features automated pathway layout, functional computation support, advanced querying and a user-friendly graphical interface. We expect that PATIKA will be a valuable tool for rapid knowledge acquisition, microarray generated large-scale data interpretation, disease gene identification, and drug development.
Open Access
PATIKA: an integrated visual environment for collaborative construction and analysis of cellular pathways
(American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology(ASBMB), 2002-09) Demir, Emek; Babur, Özgün; Doğrusöz, Uğur; Gürsoy, Atilla; Nişancı, Gürkan; Çetin Atalay, Rengül; Öztürk, Mehmet
Open Access
PSAR: Power-source-aware routing in ZigBee networks
(2012) Tekkalmaz, M.; Korpeoglu I.
ZigBee is a recent wireless networking technology built on IEEE 802.15.4 standard and designed especially for low-data rate and low-duty cycle applications such as home and building automation and sensor networks. One of the primary goals of ZigBee is low power consumption and therefore long-living networks. Despite this goal, current network formation and routing protocols described in the ZigBee specification do not fully address power consumption issues. In this work, we propose a distributed routing algorithm to reduce power consumption of battery-powered devices by routing the communication through mains-powered devices whenever possible and consequently increasing the overall network lifetime. The proposed algorithm works on tree topologies supported by ZigBee and requires only minor modifications to the current specification. Our ns-2 simulation results showed that the algorithm is able to reduce the power consumption of battery-powered devices significantly with minimal communication overhead. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012.
Open Access
Real-time detection, tracking and classification of multiple moving objects in UAV videos
(IEEE, 2017-11) Baykara, Hüseyin Can; Bıyık, Erdem; Gül, Gamze; Onural, Deniz; Öztürk, Ahmet Safa; Yıldız, İlkay
Unnamed Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are becoming increasingly popular and widely used for surveillance and reconnaissance. There are some recent studies regarding moving object detection, tracking, and classification from UAV videos. A unifying study, which also extends the application scope of such previous works and provides real-Time results, is absent from the literature. This paper aims to fill this gap by presenting a framework that can robustly detect, track and classify multiple moving objects in real-Time, using commercially available UAV systems and a common laptop computer. The framework can additionally deliver practical information about the detected objects, such as their coordinates and velocities. The performance of the proposed framework, which surpasses human capabilities for moving object detection, is reported and discussed.
Open Access
Tissue object patterns for segmentation in histopathological images
(ACM, 2011) Gündüz-Demir, Çiğdem
In the current practice of medicine, histopathological examination is the gold standard for routine clinical diagnosis and grading of cancer. However, as this examination involves the visual analysis of biopsies, it is subject to a considerable amount of observer variability. In order to decrease the variability, it has been proposed to develop systems that mathematically model the histopathological tissue images and automate the analysis. Segmentation constitutes the first step for most of these automated systems. Nevertheless, the segmentation in histopathological images remains a challenging task since these images typically show variances due to their complex nature and may include a large amount of noise and artifacts due to the tissue preparation procedures. In our research group, we recently developed different segmentation algorithms that rely on representing a tissue image with a set of tissue objects and using the structural pattern of these objects in segmentation. In this paper, we review these segmentation algorithms, discussing their clinical demonstrations on colon tissues. © 2011 ACM.
Restricted
Türkiye’de dericilik tarihi ve İzmir’de dericiliğin gelişimi
(Bilkent University, 2020) Yanasavur, Muammer; Çebi, Ahmet Nurettin; Nasırcılar, Özge; Coşkun, Deniz Dide; Özdemir, Berfin; Baltacı, Büşra
Türk kültüründe çok eski tarihlere dayanan dericilik, Osmanlı Devleti'nde lonca teşkilatları ve babadan oğula geçen sistemlerle gelişmiştir. 15. ve 18. yüzyıllar arasında hammadde sorunları dericilik sektörünü Osmanlı Devleti'nde geriletmiştir. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nin ilk yıllarında modern dericiliğe adapte olunamasa da, makineleşmenin yaygınlaşması ve kalifiye eleman açıklığının kapanmasıyla el işçiliğinden otomasyona geçiş sağlanmıştır. İzmir'de dericilik tarihine bakıldığında, zanaatin çoğunlukla küçük ev ve atölyelerde gerçekleştirilmesinden dolayı 1960'lara kadar çok veri bulunamamaktadır. 1960'lardan sonrası ise İzmir'de dericilik, Türkiye ve İzmir'de deri ihracatı; yazılı kaynaklardan ve İZBAŞ başkanı Eyüp Sevimli, Jak Galiko, Deri Mühendisi Nur Dişli, Akademisyen Behzat O. Bitlisli ve Hüseyin A. Karavana ile yapılan röportajlar yoluyla araştırılmıştır. Araştırmalar kapsamında, makineleşmede yaşanan gelişmelerden dolayı Türkiye'de dericilik sektörünün üretimini arttırmış ve ekonomik açıdan ilerlemiş olduğu fakat bu gelişmelerle el işçiliğinin arka planda kalmaya başladığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Open Access
Vibrasyon ve PIR algılayıcılar kullanılarak çevre destekli akıllı ev tasarımı
(IEEE, 2013-04) Yazar, Ahmet; Çetin, A. Enis
Intelligent ambient assisted living systems for elderly and handicapped people become affordable with the recent advances in computer and sensor technologies. In this paper, fall detection algorithm using multiple passive infrared sensors is developed. As a novel method for detecting a falling person, two passive infrared sensors are used concurrently in a room and developed a determination algorithm depending on the height at which the falling event is happened. Motionles detection system is integrated with the falling person detection system to provide a complete solution. Detection algorithms are implemented using embedded microprocessors. © 2013 IEEE.