Türkçe şiirde lirik ve ideoloji okumaları ve Marksist bir ara konum : Niyazi Akıncıoğlu

In this thesis, the relationship between lyric poetry and society put forward theoretically by Adorno has been approached in relation with Eagleton’s layered ideology, and a sampling study which focuses especially on Turkish modern poetry has been attempted to be conducted. The samplings made with the emphasis, contrary to the reception until today of lyric poetry, that lyric poetry does not allude only to a subjective and individual poem, but makes references subjectively to society and thus different ideological layers, have revealed various outcomes for each of the poets discuused. It has been discovered that, especially during times of escalated social and political change and/or oppression, poetry tends to at first alternate between going rhetorical through increased volume or going through a lyric silence, and that this situation leads in Turkish poetry to various presentations somewhere between these two dominant types. The perception of environment and life developed around the axis of dream and reality by Cenab Şahabettin and Tevfik Fikret in the pre-modern period, has been used during the modern period after going through some changes. Symbols have been observed to make references in Ahmet Hâşim’s lyric poems to an imaginary place and time, and in yahya Kemal’s, in accordance with the longing for the old culture and aesthetics, to historical places. Even though, the use of religious and mystical metaphors in Asaf Hâlet’s poems has been considered to be a means rather than an end, the fact that such metaphors have been the choice has been deemed significant. Betçet Necatigil has been read with the view that oppression, modernization and urbanization has depicted a micro-universe to the poetry and life of a poet hanging in the balance; in which he has taken refuge. In Nâzım Hikmet and Niyazi Akıncıoğlu’s poems, structures have been observed that have been constructed outside the frame of mind and poetic horizon of two poets—one socialist realist and the other, Marxist. It has been emphasized that the former, in terms of female discourse, has used a patriarchal unconscious discourse in some of his poems; while it has been observed through the poems of the latter that he has digressed from realistic discourse with the attempt to create an epic and abstract universe and poetry. All the sampling in this study has been an attempt to put forward an approach to lyric poetry which is divergent from the points of view exhibited until now.