Geopolicts of Russia's caucasus policy and its implications for the world

Abstract

This thesis examines an overlooked region in the discipline of international relations, the Caucasus. The collapse of the Soviet Union caused the independence of Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia, which comprise the South Caucasus. The North Caucasus remained under the control of the Russian Federation but the Russian Federation had to deal with separatist movements in the North Caucasus. Despite military and economic costs, Russia tries to hold on the region. The withdrawal of Russian rule from the South Caucasus led to the belief that newly established republics would join to the Western camp immediately. The South Caucasus emerged as a big energy prize for the European Union, which wants to diversify its energy transportation routes. However, regional conflicts and Russian presence, which increased gradually has prevented this opportunity. Russia has managed to establish a dominant presence in the region. This study claims that Russia’s Caucasus policy rests upon geopolitical considerations. Russia ensures that the Caucasus will remain under its sphere of influence in order to provide its security and reestablish its great power status in international arena. Russia’s goals in the region are frequently challenged by external powers. In order to maintain its hegemonic position in the region, Russia struggles with other external powers.