Quantum transport through one-dimensional aluminum wires

Date
2002
Advisor
Instructor
Source Title
Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures Processing, Measurement, and Phenomena
Print ISSN
1071-1023
Electronic ISSN
Publisher
American Vacuum Society
Volume
20
Issue
3
Pages
812 - 817
Language
English
Type
Conference Paper
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Abstract

Quantum conductance in narrow channels has been well understood by using the two-dimensional electron gas, a model system which has been realized in semiconductor heterojunctions. An essential property of this electron gas is its ability to support a constriction of width comparable to the Fermi wavelength, a property not shared by even thin metal films. The advent of scanning tunneling microscope has made possible the fabrication of metallic wires of atomic widths. We investigate one-dimensional wires consisting of aluminum atoms, to be specific. Using the first-principles density functional calculations, we obtain the optimal structures and report the bonding as deduced from the charge density analysis. With the calculated electronic structure in hand, we discussed the quantum ballistic transport using channel capacity arguments motivated by the Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. By comparing our results with the detailed pioneering calculations by Lang, we inferred an average value for channel transmitivity and touched upon material specific contact resistance. Finally, the validity of the Wiedemann–Franz law in the quantum domain is established by studying thermal conductance in nanowires.

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Book Title
Keywords
Band structure, Channel capacity, Crystal structure, Electron gas, Electronic structure, Fermi level, Heterojunctions, Metallic films, Nanostructured materials, Probability density function, Scanning electron microscopy, Thermal conductivity, Cohesive energies, Metallic wires, Quantum transports, Quantum theory
Citation
Published Version (Please cite this version)