Colon cancer associated transcript-1 (CCAT1) expression in adenocarcinoma of the stomach

Date
2015
Authors
Mizrahi, I.
Mazeh, H.
Grinbaum, R.
Beglaibter, N.
Wilschanski, M.
Pavlov, V.
Adileh, M.
Stojadinovic, A.
Avital, I.
Gure, A. O.
Advisor
Instructor
Source Title
Journal of Cancer
Print ISSN
1837-9664
Electronic ISSN
Publisher
Ivyspring International Publisher
Volume
6
Issue
2
Pages
105 - 110
Language
English
Type
Article
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Abstract

Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to have functional roles in cancer biology and are dys-regulated in many tumors. Colon Cancer Associated Transcript -1 (CCAT1) is a lncRNA, previously shown to be significantly up-regulated in colon cancer. The aim of this study is to determine expression levels of CCAT1 in gastric carcinoma (GC). Methods: Tissue samples were obtained from patients undergoing resection for gastric carcinoma (n=19). For each patient, tumor tissue and normal appearing gastric mucosa were taken. Normal gastric tissues obtained from morbidly obese patients, undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy served as normal controls (n=19). A human gastric carcinoma cell line (AGS) served as positive control. RNA was extracted from all tissue samples and CCAT1 expression was analyzed using quantitative real time-PCR (qRT-PCR). Results: Low expression of CCAT1 was identified in normal gastric mucosa samples obtained from morbidly obese patients [mean Relative Quantity (RQ) = 1.95±0.4]. AGS human gastric carcinoma cell line showed an elevated level of CCAT1 expression (RQ=8.02). Expression levels of CCAT1 were approximately 10.8 fold higher in GC samples than in samples taken from the negative control group (RQ=21.1±5 vs. RQ=1.95±0.4, respectively, p<0.001). Interestingly, CCAT1 expression was significantly overexpressed in adjacent normal tissues when compared to the negative control group (RQ = 15.25±2 vs. RQ=1.95±0.4, respectively, p<0.001). Tissues obtained from recurrent GC cases showed the highest expression levels (RQ = 88.8±31; p<0.001). Expression levels increased with tumor stage (T4- 36.4±15, T3- 16.1±6, T2- 4.7±1), however this did not reach statistical significance (p=0.2). There was no difference in CCAT1 expression between intestinal and diffuse type GC (RQ=22.4±7 vs. 22.4±16, respectively, p=0.9). Within the normal gastric tissue samples, no significant difference in CCAT1 expression was observed in helicobacter pylori negative and positive patients (RQ= 2.4±0.9 vs. 0.93±0.2, respectively, p=0.13). Conclusion: CCAT1 is up-regulated in gastric cancer, and may serve as a potential bio-marker for early detection and surveillance.

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Keywords
Biomarker, CCAT1, Gastrectomy, Gastric cancer, Long non-coding RNA, Colon cancer associated transcript 1, Long untranslated RNA, Unclassified drug, Adult, Aged, Article, Cancer staging, Cancer surgery, Carcinoma cell line, Clinical article, Controlled study, Female, Gene expression, Gene overexpression, Helicobacter pylori, Human, Human tissue, Laparoscopic surgery, Male, Middle aged, Morbid obesity, Quantitative analysis, Real time polymerase chain reaction, RNA extraction, Sleeve gastrectomy, Stomach adenocarcinoma, Stomach carcinoma, Stomach mucosa, Very elderly
Citation
Published Version (Please cite this version)