Singularity of the magnetic-field integral equation and its extraction

In the solution of the magnetic-field integral equation (MFIE) by the method of moments (MOM) on planar triangula-tions, singularities arise both in the inner integrals on the basis functions and also in the outer integrals on the testing functions. A singularity-extraction method is introduced for the efficient and accurate computation of the outer integrals, similar to the way inner-integral singularities are handled. In addition, various formulations of the MFIE and the electric-field integral equation are compared, along with their associated restrictions.