Is authoritarian modernization effective? a case study of socio-political divergence between Türkiye and Iran as a consequence of the twentieth-century modernization movement

dc.contributor.authorHamidova, Ayan
dc.contributor.authorLassem, Nima Kamali
dc.contributor.authorShadurdyyeva, Leyli
dc.contributor.authorShukurzade, Murad
dc.date.accessioned2024-07-10T11:50:58Z
dc.date.available2024-07-10T11:50:58Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.descriptionThis work is a student project of the Department of History, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University.
dc.descriptionThe History of Turkey course (HIST209) is a requirement for all Bilkent undergraduates. It is designed to encourage students to work in groups on projects concerning any topic of their choice that relates to the history of Turkey. It is designed as an interactive course with an emphasis on research and the objective of investigating events, chronologically short historical periods, as well as historic representations. Students from all departments prepare and present final projects for examination by a committee, with 10 projects chosen to receive awards.
dc.descriptionAnkara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, 2024.
dc.descriptionIncludes bibliographical references (pages 17-21).
dc.description.abstractSince the beginning of the twentieth century, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and Reza Shah led their nations, Türkiye and Iran, through unstable periods, in means of establishing the modernized Turkish Republic and the Pahlavi dynasty in Iran. This paper discusses the major factors that led to the distinctive pathways of the two countries throughout their history of modernization. Both leaders implemented the patterns based on their politically strategic campaigns, which were mainly under the concepts of secularism, nationalism, and revolutionism. However, Atatürk's additional focus on the interests of the population to gain support for the republic contrasted with Reza Shah's more strictly authoritarian methods, leading to differing outcomes. Distinctive religious sects, Sunnism in Türkiye and Shiasm in Iran influenced the two nations’ reaction to the political reforms. Although Türkiye and Iran followed a similar pattern of diplomatic treaties, the latter experienced obstacles, slowing the pursuit of authoritarian modernization. Thus, differing strategies of regimes, religion, and diplomatic relations, as well as the structural environments based on the history of the two states, diverged Türkiye and Iran in their paths of modernization, in which Türkiye succeeded under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's leadership, while Reza Shah’s efforts for Iran failed.
dc.description.abstractOsmanlı İmparatorluğu ve Kaçar hanedanının çöküşünü takiben Türkiye ve İran'ın siyasi yapısı önemli dönüşümler geçirdi. Uluslarını en zorlu dönemlerinden geçirdikten sonra Mustafa Kemal Atatürk Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'ni ve Rıza Şah İran'da Pehlevi hanedanını kurdu. Bu makale, modernleşme tarihleri boyunca iki ülkenin farklı yollara gitmesine yol açan başlıca faktörleri konu almaktadır. Her iki lider de laiklik, milliyetçilik ve devrimcilik gibi modernleşmeyi sağlayacak fikirleri benimsedi ve toplumsal reform için eğitimi bir araç olarak gördü. Ancak Atatürk'ün destek kazanmak için uyguladığı popülist yaklaşım, Rıza Şah'ın daha otoriter yöntemleriyle karşılaştırıldığında farklı sonuçlara yol açtı. İran'da Şii ve Türkiye'de Sünni olmak üzere iki ülkenin farklı mezheplere sahip olmaları siyasi reformlara uyumlarını etkiledi. Her ne kadar Türkiye ve İran diplomatik anlaşmalarda benzer yollar izleseler de, İran otoriter modernleşme arayışını yavaşlatan bir kısıtlamayla karşılaştı. Dolayısıyla rejimlerin, mezheplerin ve diplomatik ilişkilerin farklı stratejileri ve iki devletin tarihine dayanan yapısal ortamlar, Türkiye ve İran'ın modernleşme yollarını farklılaştırdı.
dc.description.provenanceSubmitted by Betül Özen (ozen@bilkent.edu.tr) on 2024-07-10T11:50:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SPB4736.pdf: 398087 bytes, checksum: 61edda498668b24ff8ea23d60fff231a (MD5)en
dc.description.provenanceMade available in DSpace on 2024-07-10T11:50:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SPB4736.pdf: 398087 bytes, checksum: 61edda498668b24ff8ea23d60fff231a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2024en
dc.description.statementofresponsibilityby Beril Ünver
dc.format.extent21 pages.
dc.identifier.itemidSPB4736
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11693/115363
dc.language.isoEnglish
dc.publisherBilkent Universityen_US
dc.relation.ispartofseriesBeril Ünver, HIST209-2 (2023-2024 Spring) ; 1
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlikeen_US
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/en_US
dc.subjectTurkish Republic
dc.subjectIran
dc.subjectModernization
dc.subjectAtatürk
dc.subjectReza Shah
dc.subjectSecularism
dc.subjectReforms
dc.subjectTürkiye Cumhuriyeti
dc.subjectModernleşme
dc.subjectReza Şah
dc.subjectLaiklik
dc.subjectReformlar
dc.titleIs authoritarian modernization effective? a case study of socio-political divergence between Türkiye and Iran as a consequence of the twentieth-century modernization movement
dc.typeStudent Project

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