Scholarly Publications - Work in Progress

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11693/115694

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 374

Open Access
Algorithms of the synthesis of optimal regulators
(Ministry communications & high technologies republic azerbaijan, 2023-04-08) Özbay, Hitay
Open Access
Franco-Ottoman diplomatic relations and the secret du Roi, 1756–1774
(Akademiai Kiado Rt., 2022-06-03) Flynn, Sébastien
The Secret du Roi was Louis XV’s secret foreign policy from approximately 1745 until his death in 1774. This article analyzes Franco-Ottoman diplomatic relations from 1756 to 1774 by using the Secret du Roi as a source. By examining the Secret du Roi, this article shows France’s hostility towards Russia and elaborates on France’s preference for having close diplomatic relations with the Ottoman Empire instead of Russia. The second half of this article elaborates on France’s confidence in the Ottoman Empire’s political and military capabilities, and why they thought the Ottomans would do well against Russia in 1768.
Open Access
Women and the History of Ideas in the Global Eighteenth Century
(University of Toronto Press, 2022) Del Balzo, Angelina
Open Access
Slopes and signatures of links
(Instytut Matematyczny,Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Mathematics, 2022-03-14) Degtyarev, Alex; Florens, V.; Lecuona, A.G.
We define the slope of a colored link in an integral homology sphere, associated to admissible characters on the link group. Away from a certain singular locus, the slope is a rational function which can be regarded as a multivariate generalization of the Kojima–Yamasaki η-function. It is the ratio of two Conway potentials, provided that the latter makes sense; otherwise, it is a new invariant. The slope is responsible for an extra correction term in the signature formula for the splice of two links, in the previously open exceptional case where both characters are admissible. Using a similar construction for a special class of tangles, we formulate generalized skein relations for the signature.
Open Access
YOLODrone+: improved YOLO architecture for object detection in UAV images
(IEEE, 2022-08-29) Şahin, Öykü; Özer, Sedat
The performance of object detection algorithms running on images taken from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) remains limited when compared to the object detection algorithms running on ground taken images. Due to its various features, YOLO based models, as a part of one-stage object detectors, are preferred in many UAV based applications. In this paper, we are proposing novel architectural improvements to the YO-LOv5 architecture. Our improvements include: (i) increasing the number of detection layers and (ii) use of transformers in the model. In order to train and test the performance of our proposed model, we used VisDrone and SkyData datasets in our paper. Our test results suggest that our proposed solutions can improve the detection accuracy.
Open Access
Turkey’s legislative reforms to address violence against women, and the EU: uphill struggles, hard-won achievements and a promising ally.
(Palgrave Macmillan, 2020-09-30) Özdemir Sarıgil, Burcu
This chapter investigates Turkey’s legislative reforms addressing the issue of violence against women (VAW) with a particular focus on the role of the EU. Considering the persistent domestic advocacy and the multiplicity of external factors/actors (e.g., the UN, Council of Europe and EU) that would potentially contribute to the reform process since the 1990s, the study asks if, when and how the EU actually has become a causal factor for domestic change. The chapter finds that in the adoption of the first-ever law addressing VAW (Law No. 4320) in 1998, the EU has no clear presence in the domestic context of reform. Gender equality reforms in the early 2000s and the adoption of the most comprehensive law addressing VAW (Law No. 6284) coincided with the EU accession process in Turkey. During this period, the EU gradually improved its engagement, facilitated the reform process by utilising two pathways of influence, namely conditionality (interest-driven pathway) and capacity building (norm-driven pathway). As with this new approach, the EU intermingled well with the domestic advocacy and proved that it could be an ever-promising ally of women and the women’s movement in Turkey.
Open Access
Identification of hydrodynamic coefficients of AUV in the presence of measurement biases
(Sage Publications, 2021-11-23) Dinç, Mustafa; Hajiyev, C.
This paper mainly presents the parameter identification method developed from a Least Square Estimation (LSE) algorithm to estimate hydrodynamic coefficients of Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) in the presence of measurement biases. LSE based parameter determination method is developed to obtain unbiased estimated values of hydrodynamic coefficients of AUV from biased Inertial Navigation System (INS) measurements. The proposed parameter identification method consists of two phases: in the first phase, high precision INS and its auxiliary instrument including compass, pressure depth sensor, and Doppler Velocity Log (DVL) are designed as Integrated Navigational System coupled with Complementary Kalman Filter (CKF) to determine hydrodynamic coefficients of AUV by removing the INS measurement biases; in the second phase, LSE based parameter identification method is applied to the model in the first phase for obtaining unbiased estimated values of hydrodynamic coefficients of AUV. In this paper, a method for identifying the yaw and sway motion dynamic parameters of an AUV is given. Various maneuvering scenarios are verified to assess the parameter identification method employed. The simulation results indicate that using the CKF based Integrated Navigation System together with unbiased measurement conversion could produce better results for estimating the hydrodynamic coefficients of AUV.
Open Access
General Conclusions
(Palgrave Pivot, 2021-10-07) Zavagno, Luca
This chapter will sum up the nature and characteristics of the changes in urbanism in Byzantium show variations (in regional and sub-regional terms) which allow us to sketch different trajectories of development for the cities of the Byzantine empire. They should be pitted against each other to understand how different local needs produced different multifunctional real “urban” answers to the problems and challenges which presented themselves along with the ebbs and flows of the history of an Empire that would not die and indeed managed to navigate through streams of gold and rivers of blood until it fell (but not for the last time) with the Fourth Crusade and the sack of Constantinople.
Open Access
Urbanism in the Byzantine heartland and the coastal/ insular koine
(Palgrave Pivot, 2021-10-07) Zavagno, Luca
This chapter will navigate through the many incarnations of Byzantine urbanism in three different geographical areas of the empire: Anatolia and Aegean (the two constitutive pillars of the Byzantine heartland) and the so-called insular/coastal koine. Each of these played a changing and diverse role in the political, administrative, fiscal, and military strategies of the empire, as well as betraying peculiar economies of scale. It will examine by proposing a brief historical and archaeological overview of a selection of urban centers in different geographical contexts. This should help the reader see through the various functional trajectories of the Byzantine city (sometimes contemporary, sometimes diachronic) from a comparative perspective. It allows to extrapolate the reality of Byzantine urbanism from the historiographical and terminological debate as presented by the literary sources.
Open Access
The historiography of Byzantine city: interpretations, methodology, and sources
(Palgrave Pivot, 2021-10-07) Zavagno, lu
This chapter will be divided into two parts. The first one will try to propose a more nuanced and complex approach, as paired with its archaeological penchant to the traditional historiographical juxtaposition continuity vs. discontinuity which has been the unavailable starting point in any discourse on the Byzantine city. It will propose a more Mediterranean-based approach to the trajectories of Byzantine urbanism encompassing the fragmentation of the Great Sea post-Late Antiquity and reaching out to the eleventh and twelfth-century when Byzantine cities were deeply embedded in a flourishing Mediterranean economy. The second part will move from another supposed juxtaposition (polis vs. kastron) to examine the historiographical debate concerning the fate of urbanism in the period spanning between the Late Antiquity and the Fourth Crusade. It will also present the reader with the main methodological issues concerning material and literary sources essential to analyze regional trajectories of urban city-life and cityscape.
Open Access
The Byzantine city: a symphony in three movements
(Palgrave Pivot, 2021-10-07) Zavagno, Luca
This chapter presents the reader with three preliminary and different themes that will recur across the book as taking their cue from the changes of some exemplary Byzantine cities like Ephesos and Euchaita. The first has to do with the importance of tracking the transformation of the urban functions across space and time. The second concern the methodological approach adopted in the book. Indeed, the changes in urban functions, landscape, structure, and fabric will be explored by bringing together the most recent results stemming from urban archaeological excavations, the results of analyses of material culture (ceramic, coins, seals), and a reassessment of the documentary and hagiographical sources. The third aims to explain how Byzantine urban sites located in different parts of the empire (Byzantine heartland vis a vis the coastal-insula koine) reverberated the changes experienced by the political, social, and economic imperial super-structure a regional and sub-regional level
Open Access
Preface
(Springer Nature, 2021) Zavagno, Luca
Open Access
In Press, Corrected Proof: Formation of cluster mode particles (1–3 nm) in preschools
(Elsevier, 2021-11-23) Torkmahalleh, M. A.; Turganova, K.; Zhigulina, Z.; Madiyarova, T.; Adotey, E. K.; Malekipirbazari, Milad; Milad, G.; Stabile, L.
This study is the first study that reports the cluster particle (1–3 nm) formation (CPF) in two modern preschools located in Nur-Sultan city of Kazakhstan from October 28 to November 27, 2019. The average particle number concentration and mode diameter values during major CPF events in Preschool I and Preschool II were found to be 1.90 × 106 (SD 6.43 × 106) particles/cm3 and 1.60 (SD 0.85) nm, and 1.11 × 109 (SD 5.46 × 109) particles/cm3 and 2.16 (SD 1.47) nm, respectively. The ultraviolet PM concentration reached as high as 7 μg/m3 in one of the measurement days. The estimated emission rate in Preschool I for CPF events was 9.57 × 109 (SD 1.92 × 109) particles/min. For Preschool II, the emission rate was 7.25 × 109 (SD 12.4 × 109) particles/min. We identified primary cluster particles (CPs) emitted directly from the sources such as candle burning, and secondary CPs formed as a result of the oxidation of indoor VOCs or smoking VOCs. The secondary CPs are likely to be SOA. Indoor VOCs were mainly emitted during cleaning activities as well as during painting and gluing. Indoor VOCs are the controlling factors in the CPF events. Changes in the training and cleaning programs may result in significant reductions in the exposure of the children to CPs.
Open Access
In Press, Corrected Proof: Multi-target regression via non-linear output structure learning
(Elsevier, 2021-12-18) Arashloo, Shervin Rahimzadeh; Kittler, J.
The problem of simultaneously predicting multiple real-valued outputs using a shared set of input variables is known as multi-target regression and has attracted considerable interest in the past couple of years. The dominant approach in the literature for multi-target regression is to capture the dependencies between the outputs through a linear model and express it as an output mixing matrix. This modelling formalism, however, is too simplistic in real-world problems where the output variables are related to one another in a more complex and non-linear fashion. To address this problem, in this study, we propose a structural modelling approach where the correlations between output variables are modelled using a non-linear approach. In particular, we pose the multi-target regression problem as one of vector-valued composition function learning in the reproducing kernel Hilbert space and propose a non-linear structure learning approach to capture the relationship between the outputs via an output kernel. By virtue of using a non-linear output kernel function, the proposed approach can better discover non-linear dependencies among targets for improved prediction performance. An extensive evaluation conducted on different databases reveals the benefits of the proposed multi-target regression technique against the baseline and the state-of-the-art methods.
Open Access
Optimal model-free approach based on MDL and CHL for active brain identification in fMRI data analysis
(Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., 2020-07-30) Jaber, H. A.; Çankaya, I.; Aljobouri, H. K.; Koçak, O. M.; Algın, Oktay
Background: Cluster analysis is a robust tool for exploring the underlining structures in data and grouping them with similar objects. In the researches of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), clustering approaches attempt to classify voxels depending on their time-course signals into a similar hemodynamic response over time. Objective: In this work, a novel unsupervised learning approach is proposed that relies on using Enhanced Neural Gas (ENG) algorithm in fMRI data for comparison with Neural Gas (NG) method, which has yet to be utilized for that aim. The ENG algorithm depends on the network structure of the NG and concentrates on an efficacious prototype-based clustering approach. Methods: The comparison outcomes on real auditory fMRI data show that ENG outperforms the NG and statistical parametric mapping (SPM) methods due to its insensitivity to the ordering of input data sequence, various initializations for selecting a set of neurons, and the existence of extreme values (outliers). The findings also prove its capability to discover the exact and real values of a cluster number effectively. Results: Four validation indices are applied to evaluate the performance of the proposed ENG method with fMRI and compare it with a clustering approach (NG algorithm) and model-based data analysis (SPM). These validation indices include the Jaccard Coefficient (JC), Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC), Minimum Description Length (MDL) value, and Minimum Square Error (MSE). Conclusion: The ENG technique can tackle all shortcomings of NG application with fMRI data, identify the active area of the human brain effectively, and determine the locations of the cluster center based on the MDL value during the process of network learning.
Open Access
In Press, Corrected Proof: Crowdfunding as gambling: Evidence from repeated natural experiments
(Elsevier, 2021-02-26) Demir, Tolga; Mohammadi, A.; Shafi, K.
Lenders in Prosper, one of the largest lending markets in the U.S., reduce their activity when playing multistate Powerball or Mega Millions lottery jackpot becomes attractive. This finding suggests that the desire for sensation seeking is an underlying motivation for participating in peer-to-peer crowdfunding markets; the thrill of winning a large lottery jackpot fulfills some lenders' desire for novelty and sensation seeking, thus decreasing their lending activity. We discuss our findings' implications for lenders, borrowers, platform organizers, and policymakers.
Open Access
Noise Control Engineering Education: Recommendations from the 2019 TQA Workshop
(Institute of Noise Control Engineering, 2021-08-01) Akay, Adnan
This paper summarizes recommendations about noise control engineering education made in a special session on noise control engineering education at NOISE-CON 2019 in San Diego and during an National Academy of Engineering (NAE)-hosted workshop under the auspices of the Technology of Quieter America (TQA) program. Speakers in both the special session and at the workshop represented industry, academe, and government emphasizing the need for more noise control engineers, the expertise required, and the areas in which they are needed. The ensuing discussions, summarized in two published reports, also point to the new technologies that affect noise control engineering education.
Open Access
Progress on consumer and industrial product noise control and technology transfer: summaries of the 2015 and 2016 TQA workshops
(Institute of Noise Control Engineering, 2021-08-01) Maling, George; Akay, Adnan; Wood, Eric W.
Progress on consumer and industrial products noise reduction, was a Technology for a Quieter America (TQA) workshop and International INCE symposium hosted by the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) held in October 2015 . The workshop consisted of two major parts, consumer products at home and commercial and industrial products. The former included appliances, waste disposers, leaf blowers, Information Technology Equipment and automotive interior noise. The second half of the workshop included such industrial products as air moving devices, industrial power generation equipment generator sets, compressor noise, transformer noise and valve plus gear noise. It also included national and international noise emission standards for consumer and industrial products. The technology transfer workshop was hosted by NAE in October 2016. The workshop covered four areas; an overview of technology transfer in the United States, government programs, technology transfer from universities, and panel discussions on a variety of topics. Government agencies which participated included NASA, the National Science Foundation, the Small Business Administration, the Federal Aviation Administration, the Office of Naval Research (ONR), and the Naval Research Laboratory.
Open Access
Exploring the audio-visual interaction in a dental clinic through the restorative environment
(Institute of Noise Control Engineering, 2021-08-01) Uğurlu, Zeynep; Yılmazer, Semiha
The aim of this study is to examine the effects of audio-visual interaction in an indoor acoustic environment. The research focused on the waiting area of a dental clinic. The dental clinic is visited, and binaural audio-video recording is made. After, a listening task is given to the ten participants in three scenarios. Three experiment settings were designed for each scenario. The first experimental group was the control group who had the soundscape of the real environment; the second group, which is the audio group, only had the audial stimuli with the natural sound which is added to the real environment; and the third group, which is the audio-visual group, had both visual stimuli with an image of nature and audial stimuli. A listening task questionnaire and Perceived Restorativeness Soundscape Scale (PRSS) interpretation questionnaire were given to the participants. The results showed that the participants in the third group were found to perceive the indoor soundscape more positively than the other two groups.
Open Access
Understanding the effect of geometric forms on indoor soundscape assessment: a case study in CSO concert halls in Ankara, Turkey
(Institute of Noise Control Engineering, 2021-08-01) Erdoğu, İlayda; Yılmazer, Semiha
This study aims to compare the indoor soundscape of two concert halls with different geometric forms. The study included Presidential Symphony Orchestra (CSO) Concert Hall (CH) and CSO Grand Hall (GH) in Ankara, Turkey. CH was in shoebox form, and GH had vineyard form. Participants consisted of undergraduate students of the Interior Architecture and Environmental Design Department of Bilkent University. Twenty females and twenty males were selected between the ages of 20-25. They were randomly divided into two groups as CH and GH. An online listening test with the same music but different recordings of each hall was applied. Also, tests had the visuals of the relevant concert hall. The perceptual data was collected with the questionnaire from ISO/TS 12913 2 Method A. The results showed that the overall soundscape quality of GH was perceived as more positive than CH. The surrounding sound in GH was more eventful and pleasant than CH.