Browsing by Subject "lipid"
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Item Unknown Asymmetric dimethylarginine concentrations are elevated in women with gestational diabetes(2010) Akturk, M.; Altinova, A.; Mert I.; Dincel, A.; Sargin, A.; Buyukkagnici, U.; Arslan, M.; Danisman, N.As shown in the previous studies, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is related to endothelial dysfunction, whereas high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hCRP) is the marker of inflammation. In our study, we investigated ADMA, hCRP, and homocysteine concentrations in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and normal glucose tolerance (NGT) during late pregnancy. Fifty-four women with GDM and 69 women with NGT between 32 and 39 weeks of gestation were included in this study. ADMA, hCRP, homocysteine, lipid parameters, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, insulin, and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were measured. The plasma ADMA concentrations were significantly higher in GDM patients than in NGT subjects (P = 0.03) and the hCRP levels were also significantly increased in GDM group when compared with those in the NGT group (P = 0.008). However, plasma homocysteine levels did not differ between the groups (P = 0.4), while HOMA-IR, insulin, and triglyceride levels were higher in the GDM group than in the NGT group (P = 0.001, 0.002, and 0.02, respectively). The ADMA concentrations in the third trimester were positively correlated with the glucose levels the 50-g glucose challenge test (GCT) during 24-28 weeks in the whole group (r = 0.21, P = 0.02). Our results demonstrate that ADMA and hCRP are elevated in women with GDM during late pregnancy. Further studies are needed to clarify the significance and the underlying mechanisms of the elevated ADMA and hCRP levels in women with GDM. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.Item Open Access Differential effects of nitrogen and sulfur deprivation on growth and biodiesel feedstock production of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii(2012) Cakmak, T.; Angun P.; Demiray, Y.E.; Ozkan, A.D.; Elibol, Z.; Tekinay, T.Biodiesel production from microalgae is a promising approach for energy production; however, high cost of its process limits the use of microalgal biodiesel. Increasing the levels of triacylglycerol (TAG) levels, which is used as a biodiesel feedstock, in microalgae has been achieved mainly by nitrogen starvation. In this study, we compared effects of sulfur (S) and nitrogen (N) starvation on TAG accumulation and related parameters in wild-type Chlamydomonas reinhardtii CC-124 mt(-) and CC-125 mt(+) strains. Cell division was interrupted, protein and chlorophyll levels rapidly declined while cell volume, total neutral lipid, carotenoid, and carbohydrate content increased in response to nutrient starvation. Cytosolic lipid droplets in microalgae under nutrient starvation were monitored by three-dimensional confocal laser imaging of live cells. Infrared spectroscopy results showed that relative TAG, oligosaccharide and polysaccharide levels increased rapidly in response to nutrient starvation, especially S starvation. Both strains exhibited similar levels of regulation responses under mineral deficiency, however, the degree of their responses were significantly different, which emphasizes the importance of mating type on the physiological response of algae. Neutral lipid, TAG, and carbohydrate levels reached their peak values following 4 days of N or S starvation. Therefore, 4 days of N or S starvation provides an excellent way of increasing TAG content. Although increase in these parameters was followed by a subsequent decline in N-starved strains after 4 days, this decline was not observed in S-starved ones, which shows that S starvation is a better way of increasing TAG production of C. reinhardtii than N starvation. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.