Browsing by Subject "Waste management"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5

Open Access
Atık yönetimine ve geri dönüşüme ilişkin işbirliği anlaşmalarının rekabet hukuk bakımından değerlendirilmesi
(Rekabet Kurumu, 2012) Gürkaynak, Gönenç; Aydın, A. B.; Duman, M.; Ortaç, Z.
Çevre kanunları ile ortaya çıkan ve üretici tesebbüsler tarafından gerçekleştirilen üretici sorumluluğu kapsamındaki işbirliği anlaşmaları atıkların daha etkin bir biçimde yönetilmesini sağlayarak çevrenin korunmasına katkıda bulunmakla birlikte, her rakipler arası anlaşmada olduğu gibi çeşitli rekabet hukuku risklerini de beraberinde getirmektedir. Çevre kanunları ile rekabet kanunlarının amaçları en temelinde paralel olmakla birlikte, atık yönetimi piyasalarında gerçekleşen işbirliği anlaşmalarına uygulanmaları bakımından kimi durumlarda bu hukuk dallarından biri ile amaçlanan hedeflere öncelik verilmesi gerekmektedir. İşbu çalışmada, atık yönetim piyasalarında gerçekleştirilen işbirliği anlaşmalarına rekabet hukuku kurallarının uygulanması ve bu alanda çevre hukuku ile rekabet hukuku arasındaki bağlantı incelenecek ve bu kapsamda Türk rekabet hukuku, Avrupa Birliği rekabet hukuku ve ABD rekabet hukuku disiplinlerindeki duruma ilişkin tespitler yapılacaktır.
Open Access
A multicriteria facility location model for municipal solid waste management in North Greece
(Elsevier, 2008) Erkut, E.; Karagiannidis, A.; Perkoulidis, G.; Tjandra, S. A.
Up to 2002, Hellenic Solid Waste Management (SWM) policy specified that each of the country's 54 prefectural governments plan its own SWM system. After 2002, this authority was shifted to the country's 13 regions entirely. In this paper, we compare and contrast regional and prefectural SWM planning in Central Macedonia. To design the prefectural plan, we assume that each prefecture must be self-sufficient, and we locate waste facilities in each prefecture. In contrast, in the regional plan, we assume cooperation between prefectures and locate waste facilities to serve the entire region. We present a new multicriteria mixed-integer linear programming model to solve the location-allocation problem for municipal SWM at the regional level. We apply the lexicographic minimax approach to obtain a "fair" nondominated solution, a solution with all normalized objectives as equal to one another as possible. A solution to the model consists of locations and technologies for transfer stations, material recovery facilities, incinerators and sanitary landfills, as well as the waste flow between these locations.
Open Access
Radiochemical studies of the sorption behavior of strontium and barium
(Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1995) Göktürk, H.; Eylem, C.; Hatipoĝlu, S.; Erten, H. N.
The sorption behavior of strontium and barium on kaolinite, bentonite and chlorite-illite mixed clay was studied by radioanalytical techniques using the batch method.90Sr (29.1 y) and133Ba (10.5 y) were used as radiotracers. Characterization of the solid matrices was done by FTIR and XRD spectrometries and specific surface area measurements. Synthetic groundwater was used as the aqueous phase. The variation of the distribution ratio Rd, as a function of metal ion loading was examined. The sorption isotherms were fitted to various isotherm models. The sorption energies were calculated to be in the range of 8-10 kJ/mol suggesting an ion exchange type of sorption mechanism. In detailed experiments, chlorite-illite mixed clay was first presaturated with K+, Sr2+, Ca2+ and Al3+ ions, respectively, prior to sorption studies with Ba2+ ions. The results of Ca2+ pretreated chlorite-illite were very similar to those of natural chlorite-illite, suggesting that the Ba2+ ion exchanges primarily with the Ca2+ ion on the clay minerals. © 1995 Akadémiai Kiadó.
Open Access
Resource recovery management using inventory models and supply contracts: An application to leaded waste recovery
(International Society for Environmental Information Sciences, 2005) Gunalay, Y.; Yeomans J.S.
Several recent studies have shown that significant quantities of leaded wastes recovered from the disposal of television cathode ray tubes (CRTs) will be entering the waste stream over the next 50 years in a form that is ideal for post-consumer remanufacturing. Furthermore, numerous countries have recently enacted legislation requiring industrial systems to engage in the practice of industrial ecology by having all discarded, returned, or otherwise spent products from manufacturing processes become raw material inputs in subsequent manufacturing operations. Therefore legislation banning CRT disposal together with mandated remanufacturing requirements could lead to numerous potentially attractive business ventures for reprocessing and recycling the high lead content found in this waste. This paper examines inventory issues related to the effective management of these leaded CRT wastes and the nature of the waste flows is considered from the perspective of different management options for inventory control through the use of supply contracts. An effective inventory management policy is extremely important when there is great uncertainty and variability in the year-to-year or within-year quantity of product available - as is the case with the supply of CRT wastes. If it is anticipated that a high percentage of the waste stream will be utilized, then an effective inventory policy proves absolutely essential - but also proves to be an extremely complex process. Consequently, the supply contract approach can be employed to reconcile different pricing preferences with the varying delivery time horizons of different customers. © 2005 ISEIS - International Society for Environmental Information Sciences .
Open Access
A simulation-based support tool for data-driven decision making: operational testing for dependence modeling
(IEEE, 2014) Biller, B.; Akçay, Alp; Çorlu, C.; Tayur, S.
Dependencies occur naturally between input processes of many manufacturing and service applications. When the dependence parameters are known with certainty, the failure to factor the dependencies into decisions is well known to waste significant resources in system management. Our focus is on the case of unknown dependence parameters that must be estimated from finite amounts of historical input data. In this case, the estimates of the unknown dependence parameters are random variables and simulations are designed to account for the dependence parameter uncertainty to better support the data-driven decision making. The premise of our paper is that there are certain cases in which the assumption of an independent input process to minimize the expected cost of input parameter uncertainty becomes preferable to accounting for the dependence parameter uncertainty in the simulation. Therefore, a fundamental question to answer before capturing the dependence parameter uncertainty in a stochastic system simulation is whether there is sufficient statistical evidence to represent the dependence, despite the uncertainty around its estimate, in the presence of limited data. We seek an answer for this question within a data-driven inventory-management context by considering an intermittent demand process with correlated demand size and number of interdemand periods. We propose two new finite-sample hypothesis tests to serve as the decision support tools determining when to ignore the correlation and when to account for the correlation together with the uncertainty around its estimate. We show that a statistical test accounting for the expected cost of correlation parameter uncertainty tends to reject the independence assumption less frequently than a statistical test which only considers the sampling distribution of the correlation-parameter estimator. The use of these tests is illustrated with examples and insights are provided into operational testing for dependence modeling.