Browsing by Subject "Tribes"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3

Open Access
Discourse, identity, and tribal banditry: a case study on Ottoman Ayntâb
(University of Wisconsin, 2011) Soyudan, M.
[No abstract available]
Open Access
Tribal banditry in Ottoman ayntab (1690-1730)
(2005) Soyudoğan, Muhsin
This thesis attempts to understand the tribal banditry through a micro historical analsysis, which focuses on the tribal banditry in Ayntab region during the late seveneteenth and early eighteenth century. Though it focuses on a specific region, it tries to contribute to the discussion on banditry and also tries to develop a model for analyzing banditry in the Ottoman Empire. The novelty of this model is that it is more likely to consider different factors, like social organization, which is mainly shaped by the group perception of the actor, and social, economical, and political motivators, in understanding banditry. Moreover, this study offers an approach that sees the banditry as not sporadic events but a long lasting phenomenon in the Ottoman history. Thus, it reflects banditry as embodied socio-political conflicts.
Open Access
The yörüks: their origins, expansion and economic role
(2014) İnalcık, Halil
Yörüks, are historically known as Turkmen (Turcoman), or Al-Atrak, being a branch of the Oguz group of peoples who invaded Asia Minor from the 1020's onwards. The Seljuk/Selcukid central government used to settle them on the East Roman borders-marches. Due to the nature of animal husbandry and seasonal migrations, conflict with the central government, Seljuk or Ottoman, was at times inevitable. Due to their activities against the East Roman Empire a heavy concentration of Turkmen formed in western Anatolia. In a census of 1520-1530 pastoral nomads in the provinces of Western Anatolia numbered 77,368 and those on military service 52.148. The regions where a sizeable Turkmen population formed were the mountainous areas with yaylak, summer pastures, along the Toros mountain chain from western Anatolia to the coasts of the Mediterranean and in the Lake District in the Isparta-Eğirdir region. Practising the heterodox doctrines of Shii’ite Islam, the Turkmen often came in conflict with the central government. The term yoruk or yoruk was the descriptive term preferred by the official chancery. The central government employed yoruks in military service. The contribution of the Yoruks to the economy of the Ottoman state was important for transportation as, before the railways, transport overland between the regions depended entirely upon yoruk camel caravans. Main items of trade were yoruk carpets and rugs: halı, kilim, seccade, ortu etc. Tribal and regional designs distinguished local productions. Turkmen carpets were very valuable and had been exported to the West and to Moslem countries from the XIIIth century onwards.