Browsing by Subject "Systematic study"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4

Open Access
Activatable photosensitizers: agents for selective photodynamic therapy
(Wiley-VCH Verlag, 2017) Li, X.; Kolemen, S.; Yoon, J.; Akkaya, E. U.
Recent developments in the design of bifunctional and activatable photosensitizers rejuvenate the aging field of photodynamic sensitization and photodynamic therapy. While systematic studies have uncovered new dyes that can serve as potential photosensitizers, the most promising results have come from studies aimed at gaining precise control over the location and rate of cytotoxic singlet oxygen generation. As a consequence, higher selectivities and efficiencies in photodynamic treatment protocols are now within reach. This feature article highlights the variety of approaches that have been pursued to improve photodynamic therapy and to transform simple photosensitizers into smarter theranostic agents.
Open Access
Architecture and mental disorders: A systematic study of peer-reviewed literature
(Sage Publications, 2020) Aljunaidy, Mais M.; Adi, Mohamad Nadim
Objectives: To perform a systematic study about the contribution of architecture and interior design researchers in studying the effect of physical environment on mental disorders. Background: Mental disorders are a major health problem worldwide and related to severe distress, functional disabilities, and heavy economical burdens. Studies propose that physical environment design can trigger or reduce mental disorder symptoms. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the extent of architectural design research contribution to all types of mental disorder prevention or intervention. Methods: A team of cross-disciplinary researchers gathered information from peer-reviewed manuscripts about the effect of architectural design on enhancing or reducing mental disorder symptoms. Data were collected from manuscripts published between 2008 and 2020 (research related to the topic became clearer in quality and quantity then). Keywords including architecture, interior design, physical environment, and mental disorders were used in the systematic search. Databases were collected using online resources. Numerical data collected from quantitative studies were organized in tables. Results: Our data showed that there were a lot of studies about dementia and autism; few studies about schizophrenia, anxiety, stress-related disorders, and depressive disorders; and no studies about the rest of the mental disorders. General environment followed by housing facility design were the most assessed physical environments for mental disorders. Conclusions: As all mental disorders can have a significant impact on the society, we conclude that architectural studies should focus more on improving or preventing the symptoms of all types of mental disorders through the design of physical environments.
Open Access
Characterization of platinum nitride from first-principles calculations
(Institute of Physics Publishing, 2009) Yıldız, A.; Akıncı, Ü.; Gülseren, O.; Sökmen, İ.
We have performed a systematic study of the ground state properties of the zinc-blende, rock-salt, tetragonal, cuprite, fluorite and pyrite phases of platinum nitride by using the plane wave pseudopotential calculations within the density functional theory. The equilibrium structural parameters and bulk moduli are computed within both the local density approximation (LDA) and generalized gradient approximation (GGA). The comparison of the equation of state (EOS) calculated within the LDA for the pyrite structure with the experimental results demonstrates an excellent agreement, hence the use of the LDA rather than the GGA is essential. Complete sets of elastic moduli are presented for cubic forms. The analysis of the results reveal that the pyrite phase with PtN2 stoichiometry leads to the formation of a hard material with the shear modulus G = 206 GPa. The electronic structure of pyrite PtN2 is given, which shows a narrow indirect gap. The vibrational properties of platinum nitride are investigated in detail from lattice dynamical calculations. The calculations show that fluorite and pyrite structures are dynamically stable as well. However, the calculated vibrational modes of pyrite PtN2 do not show complete agreement with experimental Raman frequencies.
Embargo
Systematic investigation of power enhancement of vertical axis wind turbines using bio-inspired leading edge tubercles
(Elsevier, 2023-02-17) Saddam ul Hassan, S.; Javaid, M.T.; Rauf, Umar.; Nasir, S.; Shahzad, A.; Salamat, S.
Wind energy is employed as an effective source for catering to the increasing energy demands and depleting fossil fuels, while also counteracting their adverse environmental effects. VAWTs have numerous advantages over HAWTs. But, the relatively low power coefficient of VAWTs in comparison to HAWTs restricts their utili zation. Bio-inspired leading-edge tubercles appear to be one of the potential design changes for enhancing the power performance of VAWTs. This study systematically investigated the relative influence of tubercle design variables and their geometrical trend subjected to power performance by employing a hybrid Design of Exper iments (DoE) approach and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) rather than choosing random values of tu bercle variables. Furthermore, the conflict existing in the literature about the improved or degraded power performance of VAWTS with tubercles is resolved by evaluating the power performance of VAWT at on-design and off-design conditions. For the computation of aerodynamic forces, unsteady Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was utilized with a 4-equation transition SST turbulence model. Tubercle amplitude influences the aerodynamic efficiency of VAWTs relatively more than its wavelength. It is evident from the results that energy is harnessed efficiently at on-design conditions considering lower tubercle amplitude and higher wavelength. However, the reverse trend of variables is observed under off-design conditions. At on-design conditions, tu bercles degraded the VAWTs performance in comparison to baseline VAWT configuration by a minimum of 13.55% among the 14 hybrid DoE generated cases, while the performance was enhanced by a maximum of 55% at off-design conditions of VAWT