Browsing by Subject "Structural adjustment"

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    Patterns of productivity growth and the wage cycle in Turkish manufacturing
    (Routledge, 2001) Voyvoda, E.; Yeldan, A. E.
    In this paper we investigate the distributional consequences of the post-1980 accumulation patterns and technological change in the Turkish manufacturing industries. We utilise two quantitative techniques. First, we make use of the Hodrick-Prescott filter to disintegrate the cyclical variations in productivity growth and wage rates from their respective historical trends, and study the evolution of the wage cycle against the long term productivity patterns in the sector. Next, we decompose the fundamental characteristics of the contributions of productivity growth of the manufacturing sub-sectors to the overall total. Our results suggest very little structural change in the sectoral composition and nature of productivity advances under the post-1980 structural adjustment reforms and outward-orientation, and underscore that the gains in productivity in this period did not materialise as gains in remunerations of wage labour. Contrary to the prognostications of the orthodox theory, the post-1980 export orientation of Turkish manufacturing was not found to lend itself to productivity contributions, and could not be sustained as a viable strategy of 'export-led industrialisation'.
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    The rural economy under structural adjustment and financial liberalization: results of a macro-integrated agricultural-sector model for Turkey
    (Routledge, 1996) Cakmak, Erol H.; Yeldan, A. Erinc; Zaim, Osman
    The Macro-Integrated Agricultural-Sector modeling approach is introduced to analyze the economic effects of the post-1980 Turkish structural adjustment reforms on the agricultural economy. The distinguishing feature of the model is its capability in addressing simultaneously the real and financial macro aggregates and the micro-sectoral detail of agriculture in a consistent fashion. The modeling analysis discloses that the Turkish mode of adjustment has typically relied on taxation of agricultural incomes, and suggests that an investment program based on reinvesting the rural surplus within the agricultural economy is a superior option.
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    Turkey: globalization, distribution and social policy, 1980–1998
    (Oxford University Press, 2001) Boratav, K.; Yeldan, A. Erinç; Köse, A. H.; Taylor, L.
    Turkey initiated its long process of integration with the world commodity and financial markets in 1980, and the successive stages of liberalization have been surveyed and are overviewed here. Since its early inception, the Turkish adjustment program was hailed as a model by the orthodox international community, and was supported by generous structural adjustment loans, debt relief, and technical aid; currently, the Turkish economy can be said to be operating under conditions of a truly open and liberalized economy, and in this setting, many of the instruments of macro and fiscal control have been transformed, and the constraints of macroequilibrium have undergone major structural change. The analytics of the two distinct phases of liberalization (1980–8 and 1989–98) is the theme of the first section of this chapter, where the modes of accumulation and surplus creation under both subperiods are addressed separately; the second section carries this analysis to microaspects of adjustment and reports on the evolving patterns of employment, labor productivity, and overall informalization of the labor force. Responses to pressures of international competitiveness and the emerging patterns of income distribution are studied in the third section, and in the fourth section, the preceding analysis is applied to size distribution of income and the incidence of postliberalization adjustments on poverty. The incidence of globalization on public sector accounts and the state's changing role in the provision of public goods are narrated in the fifth section, and the sixth concludes with an overview of the social policy implications of globalization.
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    Turkish agriculture under structural adjustment: a general equilibrium analysis
    (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 1994) Cakmak, E. H.; Yeldan, A. E.