Browsing by Subject "Staphylococcus xylosus"

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Open Access
Cost-effective production of biological materials for food applications
(2012) Han, Diren
This thesis consists of two chapters; in the first chapter response surface optimization of the production of a potential probiotic strain was studied by using bioreactors and in the second chapter screening of biosurfactant producing microorganisms was carried out followed by the purification and characterization of the biosurfactant produced. Probiotics are live microorganisms that when administered in adequate amounts are favorable to their host. They are used on livestock to enhance the growth of animals, improve the efficiency of feed conversion and to decrease mortality rate. Therefore, it is important to produce these microorganisms in high amounts. However, process economics is a problem in large scale production of the microorganisms. Main factors that affect the process economics are the growth medium of the organism and the process conditions. Therefore, optimizing the composition of the growth media and cultivation conditions are of crucial importance in large scale production. In this study, optimization of growth media composition and cultivation conditions of a novel probiotic strain, Bacillus pumilus STF26, was done. Factors optimized were temperature, pH and the concentrations of dextrose as carbon source, yeast extract as nitrogen source, KH2PO4 and MgSO4.7H2O. Response surface methodology was used to optimize the parameter and the optimum values are found to be 30.9 °C, 6.9, 20 % (w/v), 1.526 % (w/v), 0.1 % (w/v) and 0.5 % (w/v) for temperature, pH and the concentrations of dextrose, yeast extract, KH2PO4 and MgSO4.7H2O, respectively. Maximum biomass at optimum conditions was 10.42 g/L which is nearly 2.5 times higher when compared to the one obtained by using LB medium at optimized temperature and pH values. In the second chapter, production and characterization of a biosurfactant produced by a novel strain of Staphylococcus xylosus, STF1, was studied. Biosurfactants are surface active agents that have a broad range of applications in different industries and they have several advantages over their chemically synthesized counterparts. However, they cannot compete economically with synthetic surfactants due to their high production cost, the difficulties in downstream processing and the lack of overproducing strains. In this study a novel strain that produces biosurfactant, STF1, was isolated and the biosurfactant was characterized by using mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. FTIR results indicated the lipopeptide nature of the biosurfactant produced by this strain. Moreover, the mass of the purified biosurfactant was 931.9550 (m/z).
Open Access
Production and structural characterization of biosurfactant produced by newly isolated staphylococcus xylosus STF1 from petroleum contaminated soil
(Elsevier BV, 2015) Keskin, N. O. S.; Han, D.; Ozkan A.D.; Angun, P.; Umu, O. C. O.; Tekinay, T.
Petroleum-contaminated soil was used to isolate and characterize biosurfactant producing bacteria. The strain could produce higher amount of biosurfactant in medium supplemented with motor oil as sole source of carbon and energy. A new biosurfactant producing bacterium, designated as Staphylococcus xylosus STF1 based on morphological, physiological, biochemical tests and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The isolated bacterium was first screened for the ability to produce biosurfactant. Partial sequence of STF1 strain of 16S rDNA gene was highly similar to those of various members of the family Staphylococcaceae. Biochemical characterizations including FT-IR, Raman spectroscopy and Mass spectroscopy studies suggested the biosurfactant to be lipopeptide. Study also confirmed that the cell free supernatant exhibited high emulsifying activity against the different hydrocarbons. Moreover, the partially purified biosurfactant exhibited antimicrobial activity by inhibiting the growth of several bacterial species. The strain could be a potential candidate for the production of polypeptide biosurfactant which could be useful in a variety of biotechnological and industrial processes, particularly in the food and oil industry. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.