Browsing by Subject "Sovereignty"

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1996 Kardak krizi’nde Türk ordusu
(Bilkent University, 2022) Aygün, Pelinsu; Bozkurt, Bilge Özgü; Kurtoğlu, Ege; Sarıgül, Yaren; Yıldız, Dursun
Kardak kayalıkları, Ege Denizi’nde kapladığı küçük konuma karşılık Türk- Yunan ilişkilerinde krize yol açacak kadar büyük öneme sahip olmuştur. Coğrafi konum olarak Ege Denizi’nde Kalolimni kayalıklarının doğusunda yer alan ve sadece keçilerin yaşadığı bilinen kayalıklara, Figen Akat isimli Türk gemisinin çarpması Türkiye ve Yunanistan arasında krize dönüşen bir gerginlik yaratmıştır. Yunanistan bu çarpışmanın kendi sınırlarında olduğunu iddia etmiş ve Türkiye’ye ait olan Kardak gibi diğer bazı adaların kendisine ait olduğunu iddia edince kriz büyümüştür. Türkiye sadece keçilerin yaşadığı bu kayalık adadan vazgeçmemiş ve güçlerini sonuna kadar kullanmıştır. Dönemin Başbakanı Tansu Çiller: “O bayrak inecek, o asker gidecek” diyerek Türkiye’ye ait herhangi bir toprak parçasını bile kaybetmek istemediklerini sözleriyle göstermiştir. Her ne kadar Kardak Krizinde deniz gücü baş faktör olsa da bu ada için hava kuvvetleri birlikleri ile kara kuvvetlerinin bazı unsurları teyakkuza geçmiş ve büyük uğraşlar sergilemişlerdir. Yunanistan ile Türkiye’nin uzun süren adalar sorunu bu krizin de sebeplerinden biridir.
Open Access
Architecture of sovereignty: Bosnian constitutional crisis, the Sarajevo Town Hall, and the Mêlée
(Springer Netherlands, 2016-04) Cirkovic, E.
This paper addresses the processes by which the international community intervened and participated in the defining of Bosnian identity and the corresponding constitutional framework, as well as the continuous paradoxical tension between the ethnic local and claims to universalism of supranational legal norms. In particular, the 1995 Constitution and the architecture of its sovereignty have been contested through provisions of the European Convention of Human Rights. The analysis is further supported by the discussion of the architectonic structure of the Town Hall/National Library in Sarajevo that has had an important constitutional role since the collapse of the Ottoman period. The paper thus focuses on two sites for construction/deconstruction of Bosnian sovereignty: the constitutional framework and the more concretely visible architectural symbol of the Town Hall/National Library. This importance of a visual and spatial approach to Bosnian realities is carried further by the 1993 ‘Eulogy’ that Jean-Luc Nancy wrote for Sarajevo, as a site of the Mêlée.
Open Access
The common and uncommon political economies of water and oil ‘wars’
(Frank Cass Publishers, 2003) Williams, P. A.
This article compares the political economies of water and oil conflicts. It suggests that the ‘common pool resource’ (CPR) framework only partially explains the prototypically ‘upstream-downstream’ disputes over flowing water and oil ‘flows’, as CPR rivalry stems from users’ inability to exclude each other, while water and oil conflicts stem from certain users’ ability to exclude others. Yet, it also argues that key differences, related to the exclusivity of upstream sovereignty over resources, the ecological or economic nature of ‘downstream’ flow benefits, the practicality of ‘upstream’ flow control, and the size of the political benefits of gaining and exerting ‘upstream’control relative to its high economic costs, make ‘water war’ much less politically economic than oil conflict.
Open Access
The Cyprus question : latest developments and scenarios
(2004) Balcı, Mehmet
This thesis evaluates the latest developments on the island while focusing on the reasons of why a solution has not been founded on the island up to now. For the Greek Cypriot Side the objective is, including the whole territory of the island, to establish a sovereign Hellenic Republic in which the Turkish Cypriots are in minority status. In order to achieve this objective, they have pursued different strategies through different period of times and tried to use the EU and the UN through their own benefits. As a consequence of this strategy, the Turkish Cypriot side had been seen as an reluctant side in reaching an agreement in international area until the time at which the Annan Plan was put into referendum. In fact, the objective of Turkish side is no more than to come to an agreement providing the equal status that the 1960 treaties envisaged. The Annan Plan is far away from providing this solution, because it is an incomplete draft similar to previous ones. The reason behind the rejection of the Annan Plan by the Greek side in the referendum is the belief that they will be able to obtain more than it by their recognized position as an legitimate government of Cyprus and the EU membership. Unless the international community accepts the equality of the Turkish Cypriots, it would be very difficult to reach a consensus on the island. The future of the island will depend on not only the manner of both sides but also the third parties
Open Access
De-territorializing minority rights: the application of non-territorial autonomy for dispersed minority communities
(2016-06) Namlı, Kaan
The traditional understanding of self-determination vis-à-vis territory is problematic in addressing the needs of dispersed and/or migrant populations, and alternative arrangements of self-determination must be examined. The Non-territorial autonomy model has acquired a significant level of attention in the last two decades as an alternative to territoriality This dissertation examines the prevailing international practice of self-determination through territorial statehood or territorial autonomy in relation to diffused ethno-national communities. It problematizes the conventional understanding of territoriality for not being suitable for dispersed minority communities. It uses the Roma population of Europe as a case study to highlight the shortcomings of the territorial model in solving the self-determination issues faced by dispersed minority communities. The dissertation suggests that non-territorial autonomy model proposed by Karl Renner and Otto Bauer function to de-territorialize minority rights and serve as an alternative solution to the complications faced by dispersed communities. Non-territorial autonomy offers a novel way to interpret and understand the concept of self-determination.
Open Access
A global authority—classical arguments and new issues
(Berghahn Books Inc., 2005-04) Korab-Karpowicz, W. J.
[No abstract available]
Open Access
The impact of the European Union on the modern nation-state
(2000) Karatekelioğlu, Petek
This thesis analyzes, the transformations that occur in the modern nation-state in Europe as a result of the process of European integration. In the history of Europe, if a first historical conjuncture is the Westphalian Settlement which had established the basic grounds upon which the modem nation-state has been founded, a second one is the actualization of the European integration process. This thesis explores the transformations on the modern nation-state by focusing on the principle of sovereignty. The impact of the European Union is analyzed both in terms of the integration processes and in terms of the attempts to cope with the regional disparities within the Union. A latent attempt is to situate the exploration within the context of the process of globalization.
Open Access
On the futures of sovereignty
(Pergamon Press, 2005-08) Tekin, A.
[No abstract available]
Open Access
Reading Carl Schmitt: a theory of the state
(2000) Şahin, Yelda
This thesis critically analyses some selected works of Carl Schmitt in order to open up new debates in the theory of state. The nature of the state and the ways through which it governs society is the main theme that has been dealt with in this thesis. Carl Schmitt's theoretical concepts are examined and interpreted with respect to this question on the state. This thesis argues that Carl Schmitt's theory of the state provides political theory with new theoretical insights in studying the actual life of the state and his concepts are worth analysing to understand how modern societies are governed.
Open Access
Schmitt, Carl (1888-1985)
(Elsevier Inc., 2015) Vinx, L.
Carl Schmitt (1888-1985) was a conservative German public lawyer and political theorist. Schmitt is best known for his trenchant critique of liberal constitutionalism, parliamentary democracy, and legal cosmopolitanism. His contributions to debate on these issues continue to attract scholarly attention today, but they are considered to be highly controversial, due to Schmitt's association with National Socialism. This article presents an overview of the key themes and arguments in Schmitt's major writings, and it offers an assessment of Schmitt's relevance for contemporary political, legal, and constitutional theory. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Open Access
A short history of anti-Americanism and terrorism: the Turkish case
(Oxford University Press, 2002-09) Criss, N. B.
[No abstract available]
Open Access
A tale of two mayors: courts and politics in Iran and Turkey
(Cambridge University Press, 2004) Shambayati, H.
Countries such as Iran and Turkey do not fit comfortably into the democratic and authoritarian categories. In these countries, elections are held regularly, and the will of the people is accepted as one source of sovereignty. At the same time, both constitutionally and in practice the elected officials have to share the exercise of political power with institutions that do not draw their power directly from the will of the people. In such systems, the judiciary has two important political functions. First, the judiciary acts as a politically insulated decision-maker through which the unelected head can exercise some degree of control over the actions of the elected head. Second, the judiciary's direct involvement in the political arena increases political tensions and legitimates the continuation of the two-headed system. In systems based on divided sovereignty, the tensions created by the judicialization of politics contribute to the stability of the regime. The first two sections of the article develop the theoretical framework of the study. I will then look at the constitutional structures of Iran and Turkey and discuss the role assigned to the judiciary in the two systems. The final section examines the politically important court cases of Recep Tayyip Erdoǧan, a former mayor of Istanbul (1994-98), and his Iranian counterpart Gholamhussein Karbaschi, a former mayor of Teheran (1990-98). However, at the outset I should point out that my interest is not in establishing the guilt or innocence of the individuals involved. Rather, I hope that the analysis provided here will shed some light on the role of the judiciary in the politics of countries with two-headed executives. © 2004 Cambridge University Press.