Browsing by Subject "Realism"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 42

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Ahmet Oktay'ın yeni çalışması "Toplumcu Gerçekçilik"in Kaynakları'ndan
(1985) Oktay, Ahmet
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Bir arayışın yazıları
(1981) Dara, Ramis
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Birey ve gerçekçilik
(1987) Cengiz, Metin
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Çıkarken
(1978)
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Communications; Gramsci's realism
(1989) Morera, Esteve
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Containing Multitudes: Realism, Historicism, American Studies
(1989) Wilson, Christopher P.
Open Access
Dogma/Dogme 95 : manifesto for contemporary cinema and realism
(2003) Yalgın, Emre
This study investigates Dogma/Dogme’95, which is the latest collectivism seen in the history of cinema. Thesis explores this newest movement’s references to past and today’s filmmaking in relation to the concept of realism, in order to find out the possible structure of a movement in contemporary cinema.
Open Access
The effect of paratexts on fiction: Bir Muâdele-i Sevda [An Equation of Love]
(2017-09) Öztürk, İbrahim
In this study, Hüseyin Rahmi Gürpınar’s (1864–1944) novel Bir Muâdele-i Sevda [An Equation of Love], serialized in 1899, is analyzed with its paratexts. Focusing on the preface and the author’s interviews concerning the novel located outside the text, their effect on the processes of reading and interpretation is observed using Gérard Genette’s terminology of “paratext”. Paratexts in short are elements such as the titles, covers, prefaces, epilogues, epigraphs and dedications the texts in book form have, and the interviews, conversations, lectures, journals etc. that contain any statement related to these texts. These elements can get involved in the processes of interpretation and evaluation, and change how the text is perceived. They can also expand the text’s semantic field, and give it new insights and contexts. The novel’s preface accordingly functions through the issues of realism and the cheating woman; the novel is read in terms of these two contexts. In order to concretize the author’s sense of realism, the “hayaliyun–hakikiyun” [romanticism–realism] discussions between Beşir Fuad and Menemenlizade Mehmet Tahir are examined, and the author’s serialized play İstiğrak-ı Seherî (1886) which ended these discussions is studied. Afterwards, Ahmet Mithat’s and Halit Ziya’s senses of realism are included; and both the author’s role in the discussions of the period and his sense of realism are concretized via comparative readings. In the other paratextual element of the novel, the interview texts, the author states that he initially had the intention of killing off the female character but changed the plot in order not to lead a reader, who was reading the novel and was in a similar situation to the male character in the novel, to do something bad. Therefore, information concerning the text alters the ways it is read, interpreted and evaluated. Additionally, how the novel can be changed according to the demands and expectations of the reader is quested within the author’s serial novel writing. The relationship between the author, reader and the publisher is sketched out, and the fact that the author can alter the text as stated is argued providing examples from the world literature. At the end of the study, it is concluded that paratexts have a function that can alter the ways fictional texts are read and understood, and change their positions in the history of literature.
Open Access
Folk literature examined in the context of the birth pangs of the journal of the konya community center
(2005) Riley, A.N.
As one of the longest-lived community center monthlies, Konya is important for its notion of "folk literature". While managing to formulate this notion theoretically upon a foundation of realism, the periodical encountered difficulties in putting it into practice. The purpose of this article is to document and explain the gradually widening gap between theory and practice over the course of Konya's first twenty-nine issues. Supported by data that vary across issues, such as article count, article originality, and distribution of articles among disciplines, this study concludes that Konya faced several difficulties that could be considered "birth pangs".
Open Access
Global health governance, sovereignty and security: constructing the case of ebola
(2016-06) Dağçınar, Sarp Şamil
The 2014-2015 Ebola Crisis in Western Africa was the most severe outbreak of Ebola in recorded history. The individual governments of the affected countries were ill-equipped in controlling and mitigating Ebola. The prominent global actor, the World Health Organization (WHO), responsible for the global health provision immediately declared Ebola outbreak as public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC). Such frame was also utilized by the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) as the members of the Council declared Ebola outbreak a security threat to international peace and security. Such use of a security framework regenerated debates regarding the efficacy and comprehensiveness of the global health governance. To understand how and why a security discourse informed the ways in which the global efforts were mobilized throughout the Ebola Crisis, this research attempts to elicit a historical overview of the processes through which the global health governance were reformed since the end of the Cold War. The main argument is that since the years of the gradual reformation of the global health governance regime, a security discourse permeated the institutional discourses and apparatuses of the WHO. Such occurrence was a result of the expanding security agendas of the leading Western powers which found purchase at the WHO headquarters. Challenging the prioritization of the national security agendas over human security, this research offers a theoretical resistance point through re-reading Realism in International Relations to argue the case for the prioritization of the human security over the national security.
Open Access
Halk hikâyelerinden tanzimat romanlarına gerçekçiliğin boyutları
(Geleneksel Yayıncılık, 2011) Erdem, S.
Celâleddin Harzemşah’ın ön sözünde –Tanzimat düşüncesinin edebi alandaki en önemli ve temsil niteliği en yüksek örneklerinden birinde- Namık Kemal’in gerçekçi bir anlatımın başat nitelikleri üzerine düşünceleri, geleneksel Türk halk anlatılarındaki gerçekçilik anlayışı ile Tanzimat aydınlarının gerçekçilik algılarının oldukça keskin bir çatışma içinde olduğunu ortaya koyar. Namık Kemal’in bu ön sözde geleneksel halk anlatılarına yaklaşımı işaret eder ki Tanzimat aydınları; halk anlatılarını -olağanüstü unsurların sıkça görülmesi nedeniyle- gerçekçi anlatılar olarak kabul etmiyordu. Açıktır ki; Namık Kemal’in gerçekçiliğe bakışı, anlatmanın ve anlatıların en üst düzeyde “Batı”lılaşması güdüsüyle belirlenmiş ve sınırlanmıştır. Bu nedenle –ona göre- gerçeğin gerçekçi bir aktarımı geleneksel anlatı yoluyla mümkün değildir. Bu yazıda ise Namık Kemal’in ve onun temsil ettiği Tanzimat aydınlarının gerçekçilik üzerine görüşlerinin –tek ve “Batı”lı/“Batı” kaynaklı bir gerçekçilik anlayışının- aksine gerçekçiliğin birçok formu, boyutu olduğu ve bunların büyük çoğunluğunun halk anlatılarında (bu anlatıların en yaygın örneği olan halk hikâyelerinden hareket edilerek) düzenli bir şekilde görüldüğü savunulacaktır. Bunu göstermek amacıyla, halk hikâyelerinden realist halk hikâyelerine ve Tanzimat romanlarına uzanan anlatı geleneğini kapsayan bir tartışma aracılığıyla, bir anlatının gerçekçilik özelliklerinin gözlemlenebileceği gerçekçilik boyutları incelenecektir. Yazının asıl amacı halk hikâyelerinin de en az Tanzimat romanları kadar gerçek ve gerçekçi olduğunu ortaya koymaktır.
Open Access
Internationalization of competition law and policy
(2010) Köktürk, Nur Seda
With the internationalization of anticompetitive business activity, national competition laws and policies proved to be insufficient to protect competition in free markets. To cope with the problems created by international anticompetitive conduct, states and/or national regulators started to take part in various arrangements concerning the issue. Today, there are different forms of internationalization of competition law and policy such as extraterritorial application of domestic laws and policies and certain cooperation and convergence mechanisms. Moreover, various actors take part in the process: states, regulators, international organizations, firms etc. This thesis aims to analyze the important factors of internationalization of competition law and policy so that the reasons behind the current state of the internationalization process can be understood. Furthermore, four main International Political Economy theoretical perspectives are utilized to provide a new insight for and a further understanding of internationalization of competition law and policy.
Open Access
İzlek ve biçem ilişkisi açısından Suat Derviş romanlarının Türk edebiyatındaki yeri
(2010) Uluğtekin, Melahat Gül
This study analyzes the novels of Suat Derviş (1905-1972) by exploring theme and style interrelatedness and discovering how to contextualize her within the history of Turkish literature. Although thirteen Suat Derviş novels were referred to in this study, three of them, Fosforlu Cevriye, Çılgın Gibi , Sınır serialized 1943 - 1945, were chosen for close reading. The analyses draw from Georg Lukács’ contributions to the fields of realism, the concept of reification and the theory of the novel. As the study of these works of popular fiction progressed, the question of popular literature versus high literature arose . In this context, however, it was more pertinent to focus on the feuilleton as a form of popular literature rather than on popular literature versus high literature. The study of all Dervis’ novels emphasized the lines of continuity from the writer’s earlier period versus the novels of her mature period. As a result, a leitmotiv, “alienation”, was found to recur in all her novels. Regarding style, romantic elements are dominant in her earlier novels whereas the structure of her later novels reflects a tension between romantic and realistic elements. In these novels, love is the tool that promises totality by overcoming alienation. However, love, while transforming the characters, is not enough to bring them happiness. The popular elements of her novels, their romantic and realistic style, and the themes of alienation and love were scrutinized to shed light on the writer’s relation to the Turkish tradition of novel-writing in terms of continuity and transformation. This perspective enabled a focus on her non-existence in literary history and also demonstrated that Suat Derviş is a forerunner in Turkish novel-writing in two areas: themes of “horror” in the Turkish novel in the 1920s and the first examples—in Turkish literature—of proletarian novels in the 1930s. Her contribution to the Turkish novel, however, was ignored because her non-appearance in literary histories and her being labelled as a popular fiction writer.
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Karşıt gerçekçiliğin dayanılmaz hafifliği ya da Ahmet Oktay
(1986) Akman, A. Haşim
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Kültür mirasımız irdelenirken
(1986) İleri, Selim
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Kültür ve sanat: Gerçekciliğin iki türlüsü
(1956) And, Metin
Open Access
Media convergence in animation : an analysis of aesthetic uniformity
(2017-01) Gündeş, Feridun
This thesis analyzes the uniformity in animation aesthetics within the framework of convergence theory. The sources of aesthetic diversity in animation art are demonstrated along with the process though which these became precarious over time as realism became an end in itself. It is suggested that the diversity is due to the independent use of such elements of the screen image as the line and the form, and such elements related to movement as the motion and the time. When these elements are harnessed to create a realistic image and movement, the diversity is lost, and there occurs uniformity. This has been aggravated with the emerging computer technology which made it possible to create highly indexical photorealistic images and videorealistic movement. This process can be interpreted as a special case of digital and technological media convergence, which brought together previously separate design activities, and merged their aesthetic principles. The result is an hybrid aesthetics prevalent over separate domains, including animation. Due to industry related reasons, this realism based aesthetic approach became so dominant that it pushed all the others to obscurity, causing a decrease in diversity and increase in uniformity in animation aesthetics.
Open Access
Non realist tendencies in new Turkish cinema
(2016-08) Can, İclal
The realist tendency which had been dominant in cinema became more apparent with Italian neorealism affecting other national cinemas to a large extent. With the changing and developing socio economic and cultural dynamics, realism gradually has stopped being a natural constituent of cinema and the rate of observing non realist films has started to increase in cinema. Along the same line, Turkish cinema was also impressed by the realist tendencies especially with the classic realist films in Yeşilçam period and with Yılmaz Güney’s social realism. However, as for 80s in Turkish cinema, the non realist films have been observed with some films of Atıf Yılmaz, and especially by 2000s some prominent directors of new Turkish cinema such as Onur Ünlü, Semih Kaplanoğlu and Reha Erdem have dealt with those kinds of films. In this thesis, the mentioned directors are investigated within the context of how they conceive and construct their cinematic world, and in this regard, this thesis provides a close reading on their non realist tendencies which are discussed over some of their films in terms of their approaches as magical realism with Onur Ünlü, spiritual realism with Semih Kaplanoğlu and anthropocene realism with Reha Erdem.
Open Access
The normative force of certainty: a defense of realism
(2021-01) Bölek, Sena
Crispin Wright, in Truth and Objectivity, introduces his anti-realist paradigm, arguing that discourse about morality can be truth-apt without holding a realist stance. There, he formulates the criterion of Cognitive Command against realism by claiming that moral realism is defensible if and only if it is a priori that any moral disagreement between realists and anti-realists involves a cognitive shortcoming. In this thesis, the methodology I adopt to defend realism is to uphold Wittgenstein’s claims about certainty against Wright’s criterion of Cognitive Command. In so doing, I argue that the disagreement between realists and anti-realists is a kind of deep disagreement over basic moral certainties, which cannot be rationally resolvable. I then investigate the possibility of basic certainties in metadiscourse by referring to the claims about the existence of moral facts in contemporary metaethics. Taken together, I show that the criterion of Cognitive Command works neither in first-order normative discourse nor in second-order discourse about normativity.
Open Access
Possible Worlds: A Neo-Fregean Alternative
(Springer Netherlands, 2011) Berkovski, S.
I outline a neo-Fregean strategy in the debate on the existence of possible worlds. The criterion of identity and the criterion of application are formulated. Special attention is paid to the fact that speakers do not possess proper names for worlds. A broadly Quinean solution is proposed in response to this difficulty.