Browsing by Subject "National security"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6

Open Access
Between security and liberalization: decoding Turkey's struggle with the PKK
(Sage Publications Ltd., 2002) Aydinli, E.
This article identifies the dynamics of the national security syndrome and the pendulum swing between security and liberalization that are embedded in the Turkish political system. It then explores how these are reflected in the problematic and conflictual processes of Turkish policy formulation with regard to the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) in the post-violence era. The article presents evidence of a new impasse surrounding Turkey's southeast/Kurdish question. While Turkey is having difficulties in designing post-terror policies, the PKK appears unprepared to fully disarm and give up. The only route remaining seems to be one of political struggle. After identifying Turkey's structural limits to addressing the issue, the article discusses the implications of these on the future of the conflict, on Turkey's foreign relations with the West, and on the increasingly torn domestic political situation.
Open Access
The evolution of the national security culture and the military in Turkey
(School of International & Public Affairs, 2000) Karaosmanoğlu, A. L.
[No abstract available]
Open Access
Examining leaders' orientations to structural constraints: Turkey's 1991 and 2003 Iraq war decisions
(Palgrave Macmillan Ltd., 2017) Cuhadar E.; Kaarbo, J.; Kesgin, B.; Taner, B. O.
Explanations of states' security decisions prioritise structural - systemic, institutional and cultural - constraints that characterise foreign security decisions as a function of external/international, domestic/institutional, or normative/cultural factors. By examining Turkey's 1990-1991 and 2003 Iraq war decisions systematically, we problematise this prioritisation of structure, and we investigate the dynamic relationship between structural constraints and leaders in their decision-making environments. In these cases, while the structural constraints remain constant or indeterminate, the decision outcomes and the decision-making process differ significantly. Our findings, based on structured-focused comparison, process tracing, and leadership trait analysis, suggest that the leaders' personalities and how they react to constraints account for this difference and that dependence on only one set of factors leads to an incomplete understanding of security policies and international politics. We contribute to the broader understanding of leaders' personalities by suggesting that self-confidence and cognitive complexity are the key traits distinguishing leaders' orientations towards structural constraints. © 2016 Macmillan Publishers Ltd.
Open Access
Governments vs states: decoding dual governance in the developing world
(Routledge, 2010) Aydinli, E.
This article begins by questioning the transferability of Western conceptualisations of the 'state' to the developing world, particularly to those areas in which security concerns are extreme. It proposes that the complicated relationship between security and political liberalisation produces a reform- security dilemma, which in turn may result in dual-governance structures consisting of an autonomous 'state' bureaucracy and a relatively newer, political 'government'. The dynamics of such a duality are explored through a longitudinal comparison of two critical cases: Iran and Turkey. Both cases reveal evidence of the 'state' and 'government' as distinct bodies, emerging over time in response to conflicting pressures for security and liberalisation. While the Iranian case remains entrenched in a static duality with an advantaged 'state', the Turkish case provides optimism that, under certain conditions, an eventual subordination of the state to the political government can take place.
Open Access
The 'greater middle east' as a 'modern' geopolitical imagination in American foreign policy
(Routledge, 2010) Güney, A.; Gökcan, F.
This article aims at analysing how the September 11 terrorist attacks have caused the formation of a new geopolitical vision of an area called the 'Greater Middle East' and how this formation has led to changes in US foreign policy towards this region. To do that, the article first presents a theoretical background against which the modern geopolitical imagination of the USA is formulated. It considers the links between national traumas/myths, geopolitical codes and visions, and foreign policy actions. The article then applies this analysis to the case of the Greater Middle East with respect to how this imagined geography shapes the foreign and security policy of the USA. It concludes that even though this imagined region has been presented in texts as justifying US-led policies with liberal underpinnings, it has in reality laid the ground for and been used for justifying US extra-territorial intervention in the region. © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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Savaşın eşiğinde Türkiye (1938-1941)
(Bilkent University, 2021) Yavuz, Atakan; Öcal, Dilara Begüm; Mermerci, Eren; Viran, Mert Ataol; Çeliktenyıldız, Mehmet Salih
Türkiye, İkinci Dünya Savaşı’nın Eşiğinde (1938-1941) savaşa katılmama kararı almasına rağmen çevresindeki ülkelerin savaşa katılmasıyla savaştan dolaylı olarak etkilenmiştir. Türkiye’nin tarafsızlık politikası savaşın gidişatına göre şekillenmiştir. Türkiye, tarafsızlık politikasıyla kimi zaman Müttefik Devletlerle yakınlaşmış kimi zaman da Almanya ile anlaşmalar yapmıştır. Savaşın eşiğinde tarafsızlık politikasıyla şekillenen siyasi duruşu, Türkiye’nin bu süreçteki ekonomik ve sosyal durumunu da etkileyen faktörlerden birisidir. Türkiye’nin diğer devletlerle yaptığı antlaşmalara ek olarak Atatürk’ün ölümü, İsmet İnönü’nün Cumhurbaşkanlığı, Hatay’ın Türkiye’ye katılması, Milli Korunma Kanunu’nu çıkarılışı ve Köy Enstitüleri’nin açılışı Türkiye’nin iç işlerini etkileyen başlıca olaylardandır.