Browsing by Subject "Methodology"
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Item Restricted A new framework for integration(1990) Fleishman, Joel L.Item Open Access Algebraic reconstraction for 3D magnetic resonance-electrical impedance tomography (MREIT) using one component of magnetic flux density(Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine, 2004) Ider, Y. Z.; Onart, S.Magnetic resonance-electrical impedance tomography (MREIT) algorithms fall into two categories: those utilizing internal current density and those utilizing only one component of measured magnetic flux density. The latter group of algorithms have the advantage that the object does not have to be rotated in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system. A new algorithm which uses only one component of measured magnetic flux density is developed. In this method, the imaging problem is formulated as the solution of a non-linear matrix equation which is solved iteratively to reconstruct resistivity. Numerical simulations are performed to test the algorithm both for noise-free and noisy cases. The uniqueness of the solution is monitored by looking at the singular value behavior of the matrix and it is shown that at least two current injection profiles are necessary. The method is also modified to handle region-of-interest reconstructions. In particular it is shown that, if the image of a certain xy-slice is sought for, then it suffices to measure the z-component of magnetic flux density up to a distance above and below that slice. The method is robust and has good convergence behavior for the simulation phantoms used.Item Open Access Algorithms for effective querying of compound graph-based pathway databases(BioMed Central Ltd., 2009-11-16) Doğrusöz, Uğur; Çetintaş, Ahmet; Demir, Emek; Babur, ÖzgünBackground: Graph-based pathway ontologies and databases are widely used to represent data about cellular processes. This representation makes it possible to programmatically integrate cellular networks and to investigate them using the well-understood concepts of graph theory in order to predict their structural and dynamic properties. An extension of this graph representation, namely hierarchically structured or compound graphs, in which a member of a biological network may recursively contain a sub-network of a somehow logically similar group of biological objects, provides many additional benefits for analysis of biological pathways, including reduction of complexity by decomposition into distinct components or modules. In this regard, it is essential to effectively query such integrated large compound networks to extract the sub-networks of interest with the help of efficient algorithms and software tools. Results: Towards this goal, we developed a querying framework, along with a number of graph-theoretic algorithms from simple neighborhood queries to shortest paths to feedback loops, that is applicable to all sorts of graph-based pathway databases, from PPIs (protein-protein interactions) to metabolic and signaling pathways. The framework is unique in that it can account for compound or nested structures and ubiquitous entities present in the pathway data. In addition, the queries may be related to each other through "AND" and "OR" operators, and can be recursively organized into a tree, in which the result of one query might be a source and/or target for another, to form more complex queries. The algorithms were implemented within the querying component of a new version of the software tool PATIKAweb (Pathway Analysis Tool for Integration and Knowledge Acquisition) and have proven useful for answering a number of biologically significant questions for large graph-based pathway databases. Conclusion: The PATIKA Project Web site is http://www.patika.org. PATIKAweb version 2.1 is available at http://web.patika.org. © 2009 Dogrusoz et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.Item Restricted Assessing discrimination: A Boolean Approach(1988) Ragin, Charles C.Item Open Access Assessment methods and how teachers and students view them in a computer science course at Uppsala University(ACM, 2010) Ezel, Mithat CanberkI have examined concepts of assessments and aimed to see differences between teachers and students opinions. I created a questionnaire and sent it to three groups in CS department at Uppsala University. These groups were undergraduate student, graduate students and teachers in CS. Copyright 2010 ACM.Item Restricted Basic constructs of systems philosophy(1975) Laszlo, ErvinItem Restricted Begriffsgeschichte and the history of ideas(1987) Richter, MelvinItem Restricted Bilgi teorisi açısından teori ve pratik ilişkileri(1976) Altıok, FüsunItem Restricted Bilgi teorisi açısından teori-pratik ilişkileri(1995) Akatlı, FüsunItem Restricted Item Restricted Bringing theory back in; Steps toward a policy science of applied anthropology(1985) Hackenberg, Robert A.Item Open Access ChiBE: interactive visualization and manipulation of BioPAX pathway models(Oxford University Press, 2010-02-01) Babur, Özgün; Doğrusöz, Uğur; Demir, Emek; Sander, C.SUMMARY: Representing models of cellular processes or pathways in a graphically rich form facilitates interpretation of biological observations and generation of new hypotheses. Solving biological problems using large pathway datasets requires software that can combine data mapping, querying and visualization as well as providing access to diverse data resources on the Internet. ChiBE is an open source software application that features user-friendly multi-view display, navigation and manipulation of pathway models in BioPAX format. Pathway views are rendered in a feature-rich format, and may be laid out and edited with state-of-the-art visualization methods, including compound or nested structures for visualizing cellular compartments and molecular complexes. Users can easily query and visualize pathways through an integrated Pathway Commons query tool and analyze molecular profiles in pathway context. AVAILABILITY: http://www.bilkent.edu.tr/%7Ebcbi/chibe.html. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.Item Restricted Communications research since lazarsfeld(1987) Katz, ElihuItem Open Access Content-based retrieval of historical Ottoman documents stored as textual images(IEEE, 2004) Şaykol, E.; Sinop, A. K.; Güdükbay, Uğur; Ulusoy, Özgür; Çetin, A. EnisThere is an accelerating demand to access the visual content of documents stored in historical and cultural archives. Availability of electronic imaging tools and effective image processing techniques makes it feasible to process the multimedia data in large databases. In this paper, a framework for content-based retrieval of historical documents in the Ottoman Empire archives is presented. The documents are stored as textual images, which are compressed by constructing a library of symbols occurring in a document, and the symbols in the original image are then replaced with pointers into the codebook to obtain a compressed representation of the image. The features in wavelet and spatial domain based on angular and distance span of shapes are used to extract the symbols. In order to make content-based retrieval in historical archives, a query is specified as a rectangular region in an input image and the same symbol-extraction process is applied to the query region. The queries are processed on the codebook of documents and the query images are identified in the resulting documents using the pointers in textual images. The querying process does not require decompression of images. The new content-based retrieval framework is also applicable to many other document archives using different scripts.Item Restricted Determinants of compromising behavior in negotiation(1994) Druckman, DanielItem Restricted Dimensions of Microinteraction(1990) Kemper, TheodoreItem Open Access Do we need philosophical ethics? The case against unified ethical methodology(2022-05) Ateşsal, MertMetaethics and normative ethics are often thought to be two independent enterprises. This view of ethics has been challenged in the recent past and the idea that normative ethics and metaethics should be unified is gaining traction. Against this trend, I argue that the most promising cases for methodological unification in ethics are not compelling. These cases are based on the epistemic implications of metaethical views, conceptual truths in metaethics, claims about the subject matter of morality, metaphysical identity claims in metaethics, and semantic claims about ethical terms. They either fail outright, fail to be of interest to the normative ethicists because they do not bring about methodological revision, or fail to establish unified methodology as an appropriate method for practicing normative ethicists because the costs of the method outweigh the benefits. When all is said and done, normative ethicists do not need to be too concerned with metaethics.Item Open Access Environmental efficiency in carbon dioxide emissions in the OECD: a non-parametric approach(Academic Press, 2000) Zaim, O.; Taskin, F.The role of the environment is an important issue in the policy-making and hence, the accurate assessment of the environmental conditions is vital. In this paper, an environmental efficiency index is developed for the OECD countries using non-parametric techniques. The approach adopted is based on the assumption that there is just one production process behind the production of both goods and pollution emissions. The index derived in this work measures the extent of the required output sacrifice, due to the transformation of the production process, from one where all outputs are strongly disposable to the one which is characterized by weak disposability of pollutants. Using this index, we first conduct cross-section comparisons on the state of each country's production process in its treatment of pollution emissions. We then trace each country's modification of their production processes overtime. The results indicate that if the disposability for CO2 emissions were strictly restricted as the result of an environmental regulation, the total value of output loss to the OECD countries as a whole would correspond to 3.7, 4.8 and 3.5% of the total OECD GDP for 1980, 1985 and 1990, respectively. © 2000 Academic Press.Item Restricted Estetik ve yazın kuramı ve tiyatro ile dolu bir yaşam Aziz Çalışlar(1994) Nar, TurgayItem Restricted Experimental science and the rational artist in early modern europe(1986) Crombie, Alistair C.