Browsing by Subject "Matched filters"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6

Open Access
A Bayesian approach to respiration rate estimation via pulse-based ultra-wideband signals
(IEEE, 2009) Soǧancı, Hamza; Gezici, Sinan; Arıkan, Orhan
In this paper, theoretical limits on estimation of respiration rates via pulse-based ultra-wideband (UWB) signals are studied in the presence of prior information about respiration related signal parameters. First, a generalized Cramer-Rao lower bound (G-CRLB) expression is derived, and then simplified versions of the bound are obtained for sinusoidal displacement functions. In addition to the derivation of the theoretical limits, a two-step suboptimal estimator based on matched filter (correlation) processing and maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) estimation is proposed. It is shown that the proposed estimator performs very closely to the theoretical limits under certain conditions. Simulation results are presented to investigate the theoretical results.
Open Access
Çizge kesit yöntemi ile hiperspektral görüntülerde anomali tabanlı hedef tespiti
(IEEE, 2015-05) Batı, E.; Erdinç, Acar; Çeşmeci, D.; Çalışkan, A.; Koz, A.; Aksoy, Selim; Ertürk, S.; Alatan, A. A.
Hiperspektral hedef tespiti için yürütülen çalışmalar genel olarak iki sınıfta degerlendirilebilir. İlk sınıf olan anomali tespit yöntemlerinde, hedefin görüntünün geri kalanından farklı oldugu bilgisi kullanılarak görüntü analiz edilmektedir. Diğer sınıfta ise daha önceden bilgisi edinilmiş hedefe ait spektral imza ile görüntüdeki herbir piksel arasındaki benzerlik bulunarak hedefin konumu tespit edimektedir. Her iki sınıf yöntemin de önemli bir dezavantajı hiperspektral görüntü piksellerini bagımsız olarak degerlendirip, aralarındaki komşuluk ilişkilerini gözardı etmesidir. Bu makalede anomali tespit ve imza tabanlı tespit yakla¸sımlarını, pikseller arası komşuluk ilişkilerini de göz önünde bulundurarak birleştiren çizge yaklaşımına dayalı yeni bir yöntem önerilmiştir. Hedeflerin hem imza bilgisine sahip olundugu hem de anomali sayılabilecek ölçülerde olduğu varsayılarak önerilen çizge yaklaşımında önplan için imza bilgisi kullanan özgün bir türev tabanlı uyumlu filtre önerilmiştir. Arkaplan için ise seyreklik bilgisi kullanarak Gauss karışım bileşeni kestirimi yapan yeni bir anomali tespit yöntemi geliştirilmiştir. Son olarak komşular arası benzerligi tanımlamak için ise spektral bir benzerlik ölçütü olan spektral açı eleştiricisi kullanılmıştır. Önerilen çizge tabanlı yöntemin önplan, arkaplan ve komşuluk ilişkilerini uygun şekilde birleştirdigi ve önceki yöntemlere göre hedefi gürültüden arınmış bir bütün şeklinde başarıyla tespit edebildigi gözlemlenmiştir. The studies on hyperspectral target detection until now, has been treated in two approaches. Anomaly detection can be considered as the first approach, which analyses the hyperspectral image with respect to the difference between target and the rest of the hyperspectral image. The second approach compares the previously obtained spectral signature of the target with the pixels of the hyperspectral image in order to localize the target. A distinctive disadvantage of the aforementioned approaches is to treat each pixel of the hyperspectral image individually, without considering the neighbourhood relations between the pixels. In this paper, we propose a target detection algorithm which combines the anomaly detection and signature based hyperspectral target detection approaches in a graph based framework by utilizing the neighbourhood relations between the pixels. Assuming that the target signature is available and the target sizes are in the range of anomaly sizes, a novel derivative based matched filter is first proposed to model the foreground. Second, a new anomaly detection method which models the background as a Gaussian mixture is developed. The developed model estimates the optimal number of components forming the Gaussian mixture by means of utilizing sparsity information. Finally, the similarity of the neighbouring hyperspectral pixels is measured with the spectral angle mapper. The overall proposed graph based method has successfully combined the foreground, background and neighbouring information and improved the detection performance by locating the target as a whole object free from noises. © 2015 IEEE.
Open Access
Cross-term free based bistatic radar system using sparse least squares
(SPIE, 2015) Sevimli, R. Akın; Çetin, A. Enis
Passive Bistatic Radar (PBR) systems use illuminators of opportunity, such as FM, TV, and DAB broadcasts. The most common illuminator of opportunity used in PBR systems is the FM radio stations. Single FM channel based PBR systems do not have high range resolution and may turn out to be noisy. In order to enhance the range resolution of the PBR systems algorithms using several FM channels at the same time are proposed. In standard methods, consecutive FM channels are translated to baseband as is and fed to the matched filter to compute the range-Doppler map. Multichannel FM based PBR systems have better range resolution than single channel systems. However superious sidelobe peaks occur as a side effect. In this article, we linearly predict the surveillance signal using the modulated and delayed reference signal components. We vary the modulation frequency and the delay to cover the entire range-Doppler plane. Whenever there is a target at a specific range value and Doppler value the prediction error is minimized. The cost function of the linear prediction equation has three components. The first term is the real-part of the ordinary least squares term, the second-Term is the imaginary part of the least squares and the third component is the l2-norm of the prediction coefficients. Separate minimization of real and imaginary parts reduces the side lobes and decrease the noise level of the range-Doppler map. The third term enforces the sparse solution on the least squares problem. We experimentally observed that this approach is better than both the standard least squares and other sparse least squares approaches in terms of side lobes. Extensive simulation examples will be presented in the final form of the paper.
Open Access
Multiple-resampling receiver design for OFDM over Doppler-distorted underwater acoustic channels
(2013) Tu, K.; Duman, T. M.; Stojanovic, M.; Proakis J. G.
In this paper, we focus on orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) receiver designs for underwater acoustic (UWA) channels with user-and/or path-specific Doppler scaling distortions. The scenario is motivated by the cooperative communications framework, where distributed transmitter/receiver pairs may experience significantly different Doppler distortions, as well as by the single-user scenarios, where distinct Doppler scaling factors may exist among different propagation paths. The conventional approach of front-end resampling that corrects for common Doppler scaling may not be appropriate in such scenarios, rendering a post-fast-Fourier-transform (FFT) signal that is contaminated by user-and/or path-specific intercarrier interference. To counteract this problem, we propose a family of front-end receiver structures that utilize multiple-resampling (MR) branches, each matched to the Doppler scaling factor of a particular user and/or path. Following resampling, FFT modules transform the Doppler-compensated signals into the frequency domain for further processing through linear or nonlinear detection schemes. As part of the overall receiver structure, a gradient-descent approach is also proposed to refine the channel estimates obtained by standard sparse channel estimators. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed receivers are demonstrated via simulations, as well as emulations based on real data collected during the 2010 Mobile Acoustic Communications Experiment (MACE10, Martha's Vineyard, MA) and the 2008 Kauai Acomms MURI (KAM08, Kauai, HI) experiment.
Open Access
Pasif bistatik radarlarda seyreklik temellli ters evrişim kullanılarak hedef tespiti
(IEEE, 2015-05) Arslan, Musa Tunç; Tofighi, Mohammad; Çetin, A. Enis
Bu bildiride pasif radar (PR) sistemlerinin menzil çözünürlüğünü artırmak için seyreklik tabanlı bir ters evrişim yöntemi sunulmaktadır. PR sistemlerinin iki boyutlu uyumlu süzgeç çıktısı bir ters evrişim problemli gibi düşünülerek incelenmektedir. Ters evrişim algoritması, hedeflerin zaman kaymaları ve l1 norm benzeri dışbükey maliyet fonksiyonlarının epigraf kümelerini temsil eden hiperdüzlemler üzerine izdüşümü temellidir. Bütün kısıt kümeleri kapalı ve dışbükey olduklarından dolayı yinelemeli algoritma yakınsamaktadır. FM tabanlı PR sistemleri üzerinde benzetim sonuçları sunulmuştur. Algoritma frekans uzayı tabanlı ters evrişim yöntemlerine göre daha yüksek performansa sahiptir.
Open Access
Range resolution improvement in passive bistatic radars using nested FM channels and least squares approach
(SPIE, 2015) Arslan, Musa Tunç; Tofighi, Muhammad; Sevimli, Rasim Akın; Çetin, A. Enis
One of the main disadvantages of using commercial broadcasts in a Passive Bistatic Radar (PBR) system is the range resolution. Using multiple broadcast channels to improve the radar performance is offered as a solution to this problem. However, it suffers from detection performance due to the side-lobes that matched filter creates for using multiple channels. In this article, we introduce a deconvolution algorithm to suppress the side-lobes. The two-dimensional matched filter output of a PBR is further analyzed as a deconvolution problem. The deconvolution algorithm is based on making successive projections onto the hyperplanes representing the time delay of a target. Resulting iterative deconvolution algorithm is globally convergent because all constraint sets are closed and convex. Simulation results in an FM based PBR system are presented.