Browsing by Subject "Human rights"
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Item Restricted 1990-2000 yıllarında İzmir barosu(Bilkent University, 2021) Şarap, Ekin; Kütükcü, Mustafa; Özbay, Gökay; Yaylalı, Hande; Sevim, Abdullah EnesMakalede 1990-2000 yılları arasındaki dönemdeki İzmir Barosu incelenmiştir. İzmir Barosu tarihçesi hakkında ve Baro’nun ilişkili olduğu kurumlar hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Baro ve avukatlık kavramları açıklanmıştır. İzmir Barosunun yapısı ve işleyişi üzerinde durulmuştur. Baro’nun o dönemde yaptığı yeniliklerden bahsedilmiştir. Ardından İzmir Barosu ile diğer ilgili kurumlar arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir. Bu dönemde Türkiye’nin gündemini ilgilendiren ulusal sorunlarda da İzmir Barosu kamuoyunu bilgilendirmek amacıyla görüşünü açıklayarak hukuk ve demokrasi görevini yerine getirmiştir.Item Open Access 3. yılında Türkiye'nin internetle savaşı: Donkişot, Devekuşu,Harakiri(Türk Kütüphaneciler Derneği, 2010) Akgül, MustafaTürkiye'de İnternet yasaklarını düzenleyen 5651 numaralı kanun çıkalı 3 yılı aştı. Bu kanunun çıkış sürecinde ve bugüne kadar uygulamasında, ülkemiz bir yandan dünyaya önderlik etmeye çalıştı, bir yandan Youtube/ Google gibi devlere meydan okudu; onlara büyük vergi cezaları kesti. Ülkemiz, kendi internet algılaması ve değerlendirmesini dünyaya empoze etmeye çalışıyor. Böylece, bu konuda, uluslararası hukuku tesis etmeye çalışıyor. Bunu, uluslararası forumlarda, Birleşmiş Milletlerde önererek, savunarak, müzakere ederek yapmıyor. İnterneti, basın gibi algılayarak, basına uygulanan yasaklama alışkanlıkları ile yasaklıyor. Başbakan dahil internet yasaklarını önemli bir çoğunluk deliyor. Bu yasaklara Cumhurbaşkanı, Avrupa Birliği’nden sorumlu Devlet Bakanı, hatta Ulaştırma Bakanı ve BTK (Bilgi Teknolojileri ve İletişim Kurumu) Başkanı da karşı beyanlar veriyor. Bu arada Hukuk'un temel ilkeleri, kuvvetler ayrılığı, adil yargılama, özgürlüklerin özüne dokunulmaz ilkesi gözardı ediliyor. Bir başka deyişle, ülkenin hukukçuları ve düşünen insanların gözü önünde bir Hukuk Faciası yaşanıyor. Ve ülkemiz, matbaada olduğu gibi, interneti anlamayarak, harakiri yapıyor.Bu yazıda, Türkiye'nin internetle savaşının 3 yıllık macerasının boyutları değerlendirecektir.Item Restricted Azınlık-Azınlıklar; Bir çözümleme denemesi(1998) Karasu, BilgeItem Restricted Büyük gözaltı "kapatılma"(2000) Temiz, ÖzgürItem Open Access Dialogue of civilisations: A critical security studies perspective(T.C. Dışişleri Bakanlığı Stratejik Araştırmalar Merkezi, 2014) Bilgin, PınarCivilisational dialogue initiatives are currently considered our best chance to prevent a potential clash between states belonging to different civilisations. Critical approaches to security are concerned with insecurities as experienced by multiple referents, including individuals, social groups, states and the global environment. This article argues that students of critical security studies and proponents of civilisational dialogue initiatives potentially have something to talk about. In presenting a two-step critique of civilisational dialogue initiatives, this article explores such potential, which could allow for further dialogue with a view to addressing insecurities of multiple security referents.Item Restricted Düşünce ve Katılım(1993) Oktay, AhmetItem Open Access The European Convention on Human Rights and its impact on the legal systems of the participating states(Bilkent University, 2001) Altıntaş, İlkemThis study analyzes the implications of the European Convention of Human Rights on the domestic governance of the participating states. The European Convention is not a traditional type of international treaty. It has an implementation mechanism, which forces the participating states to abide by the rulings of the Convention. This situation is a prominent example of the transformations that have taken place in the field of human rights since the Second World War. This thesis focuses on the responses of the contracting states to the judgments of the European Court of Human Rights, an organ of the Council of Europe, in order to establish the impact of supranational organizations on member states domestic policy-making in the context of an evolving global order.Item Open Access Guns and human rights: major powers, global arms transfer and human rights violations(The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2006) Yanik, L. K.In the recent past, there have been countless instances of arms transfers to countries with problematic human rights records, many of which have been cited in the reports of various advocacy groups. However, so far, the amount of research classifying these flows has been limited. This study examines the trends between 1999 and 2003 in arms transfer to countries with poor human rights records, as well as the reasons for continuation of these transfers. It puts forward two major arguments for these transfers to such countries. First, the national and international codes ostensibly "prohibiting" transfers to these countries are crafted in a way that eventually plays into the hands of the countries and manufacturers that want to transfer. Second, the end of the Cold War has turned the arms transfer market into a buyer's market more than ever. The declining domestic military spending experienced in most of the seller countries has forced arms manufacturers to pursue markets beyond their borders, sometimes even illegally and illicitly. © 2006 by The Johns Hopkins University Press.Item Restricted Hannah Arendt and the Redemptive Power of Narrative(1990) Behabib, SeylaItem Open Access Human rights movements in Soviet Russia (1969-1980) : ideas, norms and the state(Bilkent University, 2008) Demirtaş, MelihThis thesis attempts to shed light on the difficulties of defending the international norms of the idea of human rights against the dominance of the state and its interests, which are explained essentially by the rationalists and the political realists in domestic and international affairs, by focusing the clash between the Soviet state and the Soviet (Russian) dissidents throughout the détente period (1969-1980). The history of prominent dissident activities in Soviet Russia began during the deStalinization period under the Khrushchev administration (1956-1964). However, the human rights movement in the Soviet Union was affected to a great extent by the international environment in 1970s during which time norms became more significant in bilateral relations, and human rights-idea began to constitute the source of a normative challenge to pure rationalist/realist explanations based on power, selfinterest and anarchy. In this regard, the primary purpose of adopting a constructivist perspective regarding the internationalization of human rights is to analyze the dissidence activities nurtured by the international norms and principles of human rights in Soviet Russia. Thus, the impacts of oppositions and responses supported by domestic and international factors within the state can be understood congruent with the policy changes, continuities, and stalemates. While the Soviet state’s fundamental response to these activities is interpreted as an amalgam of ideology, a priori principles and state-interests, the main argument of this thesis does not challenge the explanatory power of the rationalist/realist line in comprehending the dominance of the state over the dissidents and human rights defenders.Item Open Access Identification of illustrators(2012-10) Şener Fadime; Samet, Nermin; Duygulu-Şahin PınarThis paper is motivated by a book in which artists and illustrators from all over the world offer their personal interpretations of the declaration of human rights in pictures [1]. It was enthusiastic for a young reader to see an illustration of an artist that he already knows from his books . The characters were different, the topic was irrelevant, but still it was easy to identify the illustrators based on the style of the illustration. Inspired by the human's ability to identify illustrators, in this study we propose a method that can automatically learn to distinguish illustrations of different illustrators using computer vision techniques. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.Item Open Access In the eye of the beholder? The foundations of subjective human rights conditions in East-Central Europe(Sage Publications, Inc., 2005) Anderson, C. J.; Paskeviciute, A.; Sandovici, M. E.; Tverdova, Y. V.Using cross-national survey data and information on government practices concerning human rights collected in 17 post-Communist states in Central and Eastern Europe, the authors examine the determinants of people's attitudes about their country's human rights situation. They find that not all people in countries that systematically violate human rights develop more negative opinions about their country's human rights situation. However, results show high levels of disregard for human rights strongly affect evaluations of human rights practices among individuals with higher levels of education. Thus better educated respondents were significantly more likely to say there was respect for human rights in their country if they lived in a country with fewer violations of the integrity of the person or that protected political and civil rights; conversely, they were less likely to say so if they lived in a more repressive country or a country where political and civil rights were frequently violated. © 2005 Sage Publications.Item Restricted Letters; More on Hannah Arendt(1979) Schmitz, NeilItem Restricted Liberal Demokrat Parti'nin kuruluşu ve 2002 seçimlerine kadar olan süreci(Bilkent University, 2020) Gürtunca, Tuncay Yiğit; Eroğlu, Çağın Tan; Sırt, Ayşem Büşra; Akyüz, Hasan Arda; Gül, Hakan EfeBu çalışmada, Liberal Demokrat Parti'nin mevcut Genel Başkanı Gültekin Tırpancı ve selefi Cem Toker ile yapılan görüşmelerden yola çıkarak Türkiye'nin yakın tarihine genel bir bakış ile birlikte Türkiye'de liberal düşüncenin yeri incelenmiş olup, bu bilgilerin ışığında Liberal Demokrat Parti'nin kuruluş süreci mercek altına alınmıştır. Parti politikalarının zaman ve tarih içerisindeki öneminin altı çizilerek Parti'nin seçim ve propaganda çalışmaları üzerinde durulmuştur. Son olarak Liberal Demokrat Parti'nin 1999 ve 2002 Genel seçimlerindeki sonuçlarından hareketle partinin üzerinde çalışılmakta olan 1994-2002 yılları arasında Türkiye demokrasisindeki rolü ve yine dönem sınırları içerisinde Liberal Demokrat Parti'nin Türkiye demokrasisinde gerçekleşen güncel olaylara karşı tutumları değerlendirilmiştir.Item Restricted Olayları açıklamanın en temel koşulları üzerine(1996) Çotuksöken, BetülItem Restricted Öteki'nin Varlığı(1993) Oktay, AhmetItem Open Access Parliamentary immunity in democratizing countries: the case of Turkey(The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2009) Wigley, S.This article examines the effect that shielding elected representatives from criminal law might have in those countries that are undergoing democratization. Parliamentary immunity helps to compensate for any shortfall in the human rights enjoyed by ordinary citizens and provides elected representatives with the protection necessary to rectify that shortfall. However, the immunity may also protect subversive advocacy, rights violations and political corruption. Turkey provides an illuminating case study of those challenges to parliamentary immunity. Drawing on the Turkish experience, it is argued that methods other than exposing parliamentarians to criminal prosecution should be used to counter those problems.Item Open Access Party prohibition cases: Different approaches by the Turkish constitutional court and the European Court of Human Rights(2010) Özbudun, E.The article deals with the different approaches followed by the Turkish Constitutional Court and the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) in party prohibition cases. The Turkish Constitution and even more so the Law on Political Parties contain a long list of party bans, the violation of which leads to the closure of the party by the Constitutional Court. The Turkish Constitutional Court, both under the 1961 and the 1982 Constitutions, interpreted these provisions in an exceedingly illiberal manner, and has so far closed down a total of 24 political parties. Turkish rules and practices concerning the prohibition of political parties are among the most important 'democracy deficits' of the Turkish political system. In the article, the Turkish Court's illiberal approach to party prohibition cases, especially those involving the protection of the national and territorial integrity of the state and of the principle of secularism, is compared with the much more liberal criteria developed by the ECtHR and the Venice Commission.© 2010 Taylor & Francis.Item Restricted Siyasi yelpazenin solundan sağına bir yolculuk: Ertuğrul Yalçınbayır(Bilkent University, 2024) Kırayoğlu, Arda; Yazıcı, Begüm; Soyubol, Beliz; Aldaş, Yankı Ada; Ünlüpınar, YarenBu makalede, aslen Bulgaristan doğumlu olup sonrasında Türkiye’ye göç eden eski devlet bakanı ve avukat Ertuğrul Yalçınbayır'ın çocukluk hayatı ve üniversite yıllarından başlanarak; avukatlık yaptığı dönem, siyasete atılma süreci, farklı siyasi partilerde üstlendiği görevler derinlemesine incelenmiştir. Makalede, Yalçınbayır'ın CHP’de başlayan siyasi yolculuğu, Milli Görüş Hareketi'ne yönelişi ve Refah Partisi’ne katılması, sonrasında ANAP’da milletvekilliği ve AKP’de Başbakan Yardımcılığı dönemi olarak ele alınıp Yalçınbayır’ın farklı siyasi dönemlerdeki tutumları detaylı bir şekilde irdelenecektir. Bu şekilde makalede, onun özellikle siyasi ideolojiler arasındaki geçişlerdeki belirleyici faktörün, kariyerinde tercih ettiği çeşitliliğin ve yaşadığı siyasi deneyimlerin üzerinde durulacaktır. Ayrıca makalede Yalçınbayır'ın siyasi tutumlarının ve kararlarının Türk siyasetindeki yankıları da ele alınmaktadır.Item Restricted Tek tanrılı dinler karşısında kadın; 8 Mart Dünya Kadınlar günü(1996) Abadan, Unat Nermin