Browsing by Subject "Ethnic conflict"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6

Restricted
1.Karabağ Savaşı ve Türkiye
(Bilkent University, 2022) Kuru, Nihansu; Baydar, Zeynep; Pekince, Esin; Aydın, Bünyamin; Gürlek, Berra Nur
Gerek Azeri gerek Ermeni toplumu için tarihi, sosyal, kültürel ve ekonomik açıdan bir hayli önemli olan Dağlık Karabağ bölgesinin Azerbaycan’a bağlı bir otonom bölge olarak 1988’de tescil edilmesiyle başlayan siyasi kriz, Sovyetler Birliği’nin 1991’de resmî olarak çöküşü ile devletler arası bir savaş niteliği kazanmıştır. Bu süreçte Türkiye, çoğunlukla arabuluculuk rolü üstlenmiş, ancak bu tutum savaşın yarattığı göç ve sosyal travma gibi yıkıcı etkilerin ortadan kaldırılması için yeterli olmamıştır. Bu makalede, Birinci Karabağ Savaşı’nın gelişimiyle birlikte Türkiye’nin bu süreçte sosyal, ekonomik ve siyasi bakımdan maruz kaldığı olaylar ve savaşın Türkiye’deki Ermeni ve Azeri topluluklar üzerinde bıraktığı etkiler ele alınmıştır.
Open Access
Addressing Kurdish separatism in Turkey
(Palgrave Macmillan, 1999) Müftüler-Baç, Meltem; Ross, M. H.; Rothman, J.
One of the ongoing themes in descriptions of ethnic conflicts and their settlement is that there is a role for a wide range of interveners. The reason for this may be simple: that there is a great deal which needs to occur before hostile groups can find ways to live together in relativepeace. A well-developed theory of ethnic conflict resolution would not only take into account the roles that different actors can play in the process, but would also offer insights into the particular roles each might play at different stages of a conflict.
Open Access
Ethnic conflict and gender inequality in education: the case of Turkey
(Routledge, 2018-04) Kılınç, Ramazan; Neathery-Castro, J.; Akyüz, Selin
Although conflict remains a major obstacle to development in many areas of the world, its impact on education has been rarely studied. This article investigates the relationship between conflict and gender equality, focusing on the schooling of the girls in the conflict-ridden regions of Turkey. Patriarchy is the most important determinant of low educational levels among girls in Southeastern Turkey. However, ethnic conflict exacerbates male-dominant traditions and blocks economic development, reinforcing patriarchal norms and limiting girls’ school attendance. Yet, by provoking political mobilization around a Kurdish identity, ethnic conflict may undermine patriarchy and unintentionally promote girls’ education.
Open Access
Inter-ethnic (In)tolerance between Turks and Kurds: Implications for Turkish Democratisation
(Routledge, 2017) Sarigil, Z.; Karakoc, E.
Using public opinion survey data, this study investigates the determinants of inter-ethnic (in)tolerance among Turks and Kurds in Turkey. Our empirical analyses show that, compared with Turks, Kurds have a relatively higher level of tolerance towards the ethnic out-group. Our findings also suggest that different dynamics and factors mould Turks’ and Kurds’ tolerance towards ethnic out-group members. Religiosity, (ethno)nationalist orientations, inter-ethnic contact, threat perception and economic factors are the most consistent variables shaping Turks’ tolerance towards Kurds. In contrast, religion-related factors and inter-ethnic social contact do not have a statistically significant effect on Kurds’ tolerance towards Turks. (Ethno)nationalist orientations, however, appear to reduce Kurds’ tolerance. © 2016 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Open Access
Is it ripe yet? resolving Turkey’s 30 years of conflict with the PKK
(Routledge, 2016) Ünal, M. C.
Turkey has lately been in the midst of trying to resolve its three-decade old struggle with the Partiya Karkeren Kurdistan (PKK). Elaborating on the history of this conflict, this study analyzes why previous attempts to resolve it failed and why other conflict-resolution opportunities were not taken until 2007. It devotes particular attention to the emergence and failure of the latest resolution process and analyzes prospects and challenges of a potential resolution by analyzing the context, content, and conduct of Turkey's latest peace attempt. This study finds, first, that the PKK has been open to a negotiated settlement since 1993, but the state regime rejected reconciliation and pursued unilateral military solutions until 2007, when Turkey finally recognized the military stalemate and costly deadlock. Second, it argues that what really forced Turkey to search for a resolution are—in addition to the hurting stalemate—recent national and regional power shifts, which have also destabilized the resolution process itself. Third, this study asserts that despite the ripe conditions for resolution, the context and the content of the latest process revealed crucial deficiencies that require a complete restructuring of the central government as well the need to develop greater institutionalization and social engagement for a potential conflict resolution. Finally, this study claims that the nature and characteristics of the current phase of the conflict, as they stand, indicate significant fragilities and spoiling risks due to both internal and external dynamics and actors, as recent developments have indicated in the failure of the latest resolution attempt. © 2015 Taylor & Francis.
Open Access
A micro-level analysis of the contagion effect: evidence from the kurdish conflict
(SAGE Publications Ltd, 2021) Sarıgil, Zeki
The unit of analysis in almost all large-N studies on conflict contagion and diffusion is collective actors, such as states and ethnic groups or movements. Thus, contagion dynamics and processes at the individual level have been neglected. Using original data derived from a public opinion survey, this study examines the micro-level dynamics of contagion in the context of Turkey’s Kurdish conflict. The study suggests that transnational ethnic ties, and in particular, cross-border familial bonds and interactions, facilitate conflict contagion through several strategic and ideational mechanisms. First, transborder familial ties and interactions amplify the demonstration effect of ethnic-kin achievements in contiguous conflict countries. Second, cross-border familial bonds facilitate collaboration between cross-border co-ethnics. Finally, such ties to conflict zones with ethnic kin groups empower pan-ethnic identities. The empirical findings show that Kurds living in Turkey who have close relatives in nearby countries hosting conflicting ethnic-kin groups (i.e. Syria, Iraq, and Iran) have stronger ethnonationalist orientations and claims against the center. However, having close relatives elsewhere (e.g. Europe) does not generate the same impact. The Kurdish case evidences that contagion processes and dynamics might vary substantially across the members of a particular ethnic group. Hence, it is necessary to broaden the conventional focus on collective actors in conflict contagion research and pay greater attention to micro-level variables and factors.