Browsing by Subject "Credibility"

Now showing 1 - 7 of 7

Open Access
“Because she is a know-it-all”: school-aged children’s understanding of calibration for hesitant informants
(2023-07) Sunay, Onur
Calibration refers to the extent to which one’s confidence predicts their accuracy. Accordingly; someone accurate and confident, and someone inaccurate and hesitant are well-calibrated; and someone inaccurate and confident, and someone accurate but hesitant are poorly calibrated. Although there is evidence of adults’ calibration understanding, children do not have a complete understanding of calibration. The current study aimed to investigate children’s calibration understanding better. To that end, 7-, 9-, and 11-year-old children were tested on three calibration tasks with informants that included the inaccurate and hesitant informant. The tasks included explicit and implicit measures of calibration. The results showed that children performed similarly across all ages, but there were differences in how children performed between different tasks. Also, accuracy had more influence on children’s judgments for who was a reliable informant than confidence. Third, more children passed the implicit calibration task but failed the explicit one than vice versa. Lastly, children’s calibration understanding was not related to their executive function (EF) abilities. These results suggest that calibration is a complex ability influenced by social situations. The role situations play and how they might be used as a broader framework to explain calibration are highlighted in the discussion. EF and other cognitive abilities that might be related to calibration understanding are also discussed.
Open Access
Cryptographic solutions for credibility and liability issues of genomic data
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2019) Ayday, E.; Tang, Q.; Yilmaz, A.
In this work, we consider a scenario that includes an individual sharing his genomic data (or results obtained from his genomic data) with a service provider. In this scenario, (i) the service provider wants to make sure that received genomic data (or results) in fact belongs to the corresponding individual (and computed correctly), (ii) the individual wants to provide a digital consent along with his data specifying whether the service provider is allowed to further share his data, and (iii) if his data is shared without his consent, the individual wants to determine the service provider that is responsible for this leakage. We propose two schemes based on homomorphic signature and aggregate signature that links the information about the legitimacy of the data to the consent and the phenotype of the individual. Thus, to verify the data, each party also needs to use the correct consent and phenotype of the individual who owns the data.
Open Access
International dimension of democratization: the impact of EU credibility on democratic consolidation of Turkey
(2008) Lüleci, Rüya
The European Union (EU) has been a decisive actor in Turkey’s long journey of democratization, and this is due to substantial impact of the EU democratic conditionality on Turkish reform process. However, whether this effect will be persistent or not, is depended on the existence of a credible EU approach towards Turkey. Slow down in Turkey’s democratic consolidation in the post- 2004 period due to increasingly sided and discriminatory approaches of the EU as regards to Turkey’s accession process is an indicator of this fact. In this respect, analyzing three different period (pre- 1999, 1999-2004 and post- 2004) of EU-Turkey relations, the thesis investigates how the variance in the credibility of the EU conditionality affects the variance in the speed and quality of democratic consolidation in Turkey.
Open Access
Judgmental forecasts with scenarios and risks
(2017-06) Öz, Esra
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate how scenarios and risks influence judgmental forecasts, forecaster’s confidence, and assessments of likelihood of occurrence. In its attempt to identify the impact of scenarios and risks as channels of forecast advice, this research reports the findings on the use of advice from six experimental groups with business practitioners as participants. Goal was to collect evidence and interpret the reasons and motivations behind judgmental forecasts from actual business life, as well as to identify the possible biases of forecasters after reviewing certain scenarios and risks. This thesis also presents analyses on the use of advice corresponding to the credibility attributes of advisors, i.e., “experienced credibility” and “presumed credibility”. Following a discussion of the results, future research directions are provided.
Open Access
On the influence of hard leverage in a soft leverage bargaining game: the importance of credible claims
(Academic Press, 2016) Bolton, G. E.; Karagözoğlu, E.
What makes a bargaining proposal credible? We study how hard leverage (binding commitment) influences soft leverage (appealing to a focal point) in a rich-context bargaining game known to exhibit competing claims to focality. In three treatments, our experiment varies one bargainer's ability to commit, holding the soft leverage condition fixed. As in previous studies, we observe that opening offers are consistent with the available soft leverage. The influence of hard leverage is most evident in the concessionary stage. Hard and soft leverage interact to influence outcomes: Hard leverage advantages its holder, yet settlements largely stay between the two focal points. We posit that focal points induce mutual expectations of bargainer social preferences that, when combined with the Nash bargaining solution, imply the comparative statics concerning the settlements observed. A similarly modified version of the Zeuthen–Harsanyi model of the bargaining process, agrees with the comparative statics on opening offers and concessions. © 2016 Elsevier Inc.
Open Access
Sponsored content as a two-edged sword: determinants of its credibility and trustability
(2016-12) Altun, İpek
This thesis aims to examine the perceived credibility and trust assessments of sponsored content regarding the image of a sponsored brand. This examination consists of two-legged studies. By using a between-subjects experiment design, the first study compared the perceived credibility and trust assessments of an editorial content and a sponsored content. The findings show that Turkish participants find sponsored content as credible and trustable as editorial content. The second study explored perceived credibility and trust assessments of two sponsored contents, one belonging to a global technology brand and the other sponsored by a local telecommunications brand which recently experienced a reputation crisis. It also investigated image assessments of these brands. The results revealed that there is no difference between two brands in terms of perceived credibility assessments of their sponsored contents. The images of both brands are positively correlated with the perceived credibility of their sponsored contents. The impact of experiencing a reputation crisis only becomes evident when rating the image of the local brand in question. Those who had information about the reputation crisis rate the image of local brand lower compared to the ones who did not have information about the reputation crisis. However, there is no difference between the images of two brands, and people tend to trust more the sponsored content of the local brand. Additionally, both studies briefly examined the ability of noticing sponsored content and the results displayed that majority of participants are able to notice what they read is a sponsored content.
Open Access
What to smooth: rate of interest or the foreign exchange? Turkish monetary policy under turbulent times
(De Gruyter, 2014-11-27) Yeldan, A. E.; Kolsuz, G.; Unuvar, B.
This paper studies the new monetary stance of the Central Bank of Republic of Turkey (CBRT) during the Great Recession. We note that characteristics of the post-1997 “great moderation” revealed interest rate smoothing as a valid policy option for the inflation targeting central banks. Utilizing econometric analyses on a general form of a Taylor Rule, we search for the relative weights of the objective function of the CBRT over Jan 2010 – Dec 2013. We find that over the great recession, the CBRT’s focus on “interest smoothing” had been maintained; and yet the burden of adjustment fell disproportionately on the foreign exchange markets. Furthermore, weak credibility of the CBRT, lack of a simple policy rule, and noisy policy communications evidence that pre-requisites of the interest rate smoothing are not being fulfilled. Inevitable sharp policy corrections that follow smoothing periods prove insufficient against the voluminous global flows.