Browsing by Subject "Countryside"
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Item Open Access The archaeology of Hittite landscapes: A view from the southwestern borderlands(Penn State University Press, 2022-03-30) Harmanşah, Ömür; Johnson, Peri; Durusu-Tanrıöver, Müge; Marsh, BenThis article layers material, physical, and textual landscapes of the Hittite Empire in a compact borderland region. We argue that a real strength of landscape archaeology is in understanding and articulating medium-scale landscapes through archaeological survey methods and critical study of physical geography. Medium-scale landscapes are a milieu of daily human experience, movement, and visuality that spawn a densely textured countryside involving settlements, sacred places, quarries, roads, transhumance routes, and water infrastructures. Using the data and the experience from eight field seasons by the Yalburt Yaylası Archaeological Landscape Research Project team since 2010, we offer accounts of three specific landscapes: The Ilgın Plain, the Bulasan River valley near the Hittite fortress of Kale Tepesi, and the pastoral uplands of Yalburt Yaylası. For each, we demonstrate different sets of relationships and landscape dynamics during the Late Bronze Age, with specific emphasis on movement, settlement, taskscapes, land use, and human experience. © 2022 The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.Item Restricted Batı Ege’nin bir köyünde yarım kalmış bir hayal: Ortaklar Köy Enstitüsü(Bilkent University, 2022) Dere, Alper; Karaman, Elif; Özel, Fazıl; Aslan, Berfin SılaAraştırmamız 1944’te Ortaklar Köy Enstitüsü’nün kurul duğu, faaliyetlerine devam ettiği ve adının Ortaklar İlköğretmen Okulu olarak değiştirildiği dönem leri kapsayacaktır. Bahsedilen dönem, Ortaklar Köy Enstitüsü ve Ortaklar İlköğretmen Okulu’nun Ortaklar Köyüne ve öğrencilerine etkileri bağlamında ele alınacaktır. Bunların yanı sıra, köy ensti tülerinin nasıl bir eğitim sunduğu ve bu eğitimle nelerin amaçlandığı, 1944 1954 yılları arasında bu hedeflerin ne kadarına ulaşılabildiği incelenecektir. Son olarak, köy enstitülerinin kapatılması ve adlarının değiştirilmesi Ortaklar Köy Enstitüsü bağlamı nda incelenecek ve ülke genelinde köy enstitülerinin kapatılmalarındaki temel sebeplere değinilecektir. Bu araştırma ile köy enstitülerinin kırsal kesimde yarattığı etki ve önemi Ortaklar Köyü özelinde anlatılmaya çalışılacaktır.Item Open Access The Byzantine insular countryside in the early middle ages (ca. 600-ca.900): The cases of Sicily, Cyprus, and Crete in (partial) light of environmental archaeology(Routledge journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd., 2024-09-17) Zavagno, LucaThis paper provides an overview of rural surveys and environmental archaeology studies on Sicily, Cyprus and Crete during the Byzantine Empire. It re-evaluates traditional interpretations of agricultural settlement patterns, ecosystems and populations from Late Antiquity to the early Middle Ages (late sixth to late ninth century). The prevailing narrative that these islands were devastated by Arab incursions, leading to widespread depopulation, economic collapse and abandonment of rural sites in favour of fortified hilltop settlements, is questioned. Instead, the study employs a comparative and interdisciplinary approach, combining environmental and climatic data with historical and archaeological evidence. This method offers a more nuanced understanding of how insular rural societies adapted to changing environmental and human conditions during the Byzantine Empire's transition from an economically unified region to a fragmented Medieval Mediterranean. The findings highlight the resilient nature of land use and rural settlement patterns amidst the transformation of the empire's political, military and administrative structures.