Browsing by Subject "Architectural design"

Now showing 1 - 14 of 14

Open Access
Architecture-driven fault-based testing for software safety
(2014) Gürbüz, Havva Gülay
A safety-critical system is defined as a system in which the malfunctioning of software could result in death, injury or damage to environment. To mitigate these serious risks the architecture of safety-critical systems need to be carefully designed and analyzed. A common practice for modeling software architecture is the adoption of architectural perspectives and software architecture viewpoint approaches. Existing approaches tend to be general purpose and do not explicitly focus on safety concern in particular. To provide a complementary and dedicated support for designing safety-critical systems we propose safety perspective and an architecture framework approach for software safety. Once the safety-critical systems are designed it is important to analyze these for fitness before implementation, installation and operation. Hereby, it is important to ensure that the potential faults can be identified and cost-effective solutions are provided to avoid or recover from the failures. In this context, one of the most important issues is to investigate the effectiveness of the applied safety tactics to safety-critical systems. Since the safety-critical systems are complex systems, testing of these systems is challenging and very hard to define proper test suites for these systems. Several fault-based software testing approaches exist that aim to analyze the quality of the test suites. Unfortunately, these approaches do not directly consider safety concern and tend to be general purpose and they doesn’t consider the applied the safety tactics. We propose a fault-based testing approach for analyzing the test suites using the safety tactic and fault knowledge.
Open Access
Designing mosques for secular congregations: Transformations of the mosque as a social space in Turkey
(Locke Science Publishing, 2011) Özaloglu, S.; Gürel, M. O.
This study examines contemporary meanings and uses of the mosque in Turkey by arguing that productive architectural plans require understanding both the socio-historical development of the mosque and the socio-political transformations that have led to the mosque's current position in society. Mosque space is conceptualized as a physical environment that cultivates the formation and transformation of individual, social, and collective memories. The study questions whether the mosque still exhibits the qualities of a social space and whether new and innovative mosque designs reflect - programmatically, architecturally, and spatially - transformations related to their current uses and social meanings. These questions are explored through interviews, two questionnaires, and a worksheet, all of which involve a case study of Dogramacizade Mosque in Ankara. On one hand, the findings underscore the changing relationship between Muslim women and mosque space as a result of the transformation of congregations into citizens of a contemporary secular nation and suggest that spatial designs of mosques should take present-day behaviors and practices into consideration rather than ignoring this social aspect through which transformations occur. On the other hand, the collective memory of congregation members resists changing the allocation of prayer halls in the mosque. Members are in favor of continuing the traditional layout of separated spaces based on gender differences. The resistance implies that collective memory changes much slower than behaviors or lifestyles in terms of gender issues. Additionally, parallel to the findings, modernization of the mosque brings forth the idea of resurrecting the mosque s historical form as a social complex that fundamentally conflicts with secularity.
Open Access
Effects of cognitive styles on 2D drafting and design performance in digital media
(Springer Netherlands, 2010) Pektas, S.T.
This paper investigates the interactions between design students' cognitive styles, as measured by Riding's Cognitive Styles Analysis, and performance in 2D drafting and design tasks in digital media. An empirical research revealed that Imager students outperformed Verbalisers in both drafting and creativity scores. Wholist-Analytic cognitive style dimension was found to be independent from drafting and design performance. The study suggests that examining the cognitive styles of students in Computer Aided Design (CAD) education deserves further attention and may facilitate for improvements in learning processes. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
Open Access
Effects of different lighting arrangements on space perception
(Taylor & Francis, 1999) Manav, B.; Yener, C.
The idea to improve the quality of lighting design in interior spaces has gained importance in the last years. This experimental study concentrateson the quality of lighting and the relation between lighting arrangements and perception. A room having four different lighting arrangements was prepared and the differences between the perception of the participants under each lighting arrangement was analysed. The results suggested that different lighting arrangements affect perception. Wall washing enhanced the impressions of clarity and order, cove lighting enhanced spaciousness and order and uplighting made the same space relaxing, private and pleasant.
Open Access
Environmental discourse of architecture
(Taylor & Francis, 2009-03) Basa, I.
This study attempts to examine the environmental discourse of architecture. The attempt to constitute a linguistic framework for the environmental discourse requires a critical understanding of the interrelationship among the following concerns: a) discourse as a ‘system of statements’ that prescribes the ‘theoretical formation’ of an object, b) architecture as a field in which several discourses (professional, technological, social, representational, theoretical, etc.) operate around their specific objects, c) environmental discourse as a discursive ‘formation’ which involves verbal or non-verbal ‘statements’ referring to the problematic of environment. The analysis of the linguistic figures such as clichés, interpretations and definitions, reveals the discursive power of language as a condition in which environmental discourse forms its discursive objects and produces discursive effects in architecture.
Open Access
The influence of sustainable design features on indoor environmental quality satisfaction in Turkish dwellings
(Taylor & Francis, 2016) Afacan, Yasemin; Demirkan, H.
The aim of this paper is to explore the influence of sustainable design features on occupants satisfaction levels with indoor environmental quality (IEQ) aspects in three types of dwellings. Satisfaction level was investigated through a field survey with 240 participants, in apartments, row and detached houses in Turkey. Satisfaction level was explored in terms of overall satisfaction with IEQ, with the efficiency of daily living activities and with sleeping quality. Satisfaction level was also investigated regarding the dwellings thermal, ventilation, lighting, sound level and moisture qualities. The findings indicate that the existence of exterior insulation, a thermostat, light dimmers and control of daylighting systems through operable windows have high impacts on the satisfaction level of occupants living in all three types of dwellings. © 2015 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Open Access
An insight on designers’ sketching activities in traditional versus digital media
(Pergamon Press, 2003-01) Bilda, Z.; Demirkan, H.
This study aims at gaining an insight on designers' cognitive processes while sketching in digital vs traditional media. Empirical data on design processes have been obtained from protocol analyses of six interior designers solving an interior space-planning problem through media transition. In order to encode the design behavior, a coding scheme was utilized that allowed the inspection of both the design activity and the responses to media transition in terms of the primitive cognitive actions of designers. The analyses of the coding scheme constituents, which are segmentation and cognitive action categories, allowed a comparative study demonstrating the effect of the use of different media in the conceptual design phase. The results showed that traditional media had advantages over the digital media, such as supporting the perception of visual-spatial features, and organizational relations of the design, production of alternative solutions and better conception of the design problem. These results also suggested implications for computer aids in architectural design to support the conceptual phase of the design process.
Open Access
Integration of reasoning systems in architectural modeling activities
(Elsevier Science, 1998) Demirkan, H.
In the first phase of a design process, the designer understands the problem and assimilates it to a conceptual framework that is already known to him. Due to the nature of design problems, the reasoning methods and techniques for modeling are not uniform and clear. An integrated reasoning system is proposed for modeling the architectural processes. Such a system may help designers to make decisions based on past experiences as well as domain theory. The performance of the integration approach is compared with the pure case-based and rule-based reasoning systems to study the efficiency and effectiveness in the same domains. The study tried to identify the reasoning systems used by designers pertaining to the interior design applications. © 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.
Open Access
Project selection in the design studio: absence of learning environments
(Routledge, 2010-06) Basa, I.
Project selection is an essential matter of design teaching. Based on observations of a specifi c curriculum, the author claims that a wide repertoire of subjects including offi ces, restaurants, hotels, and other public places are used to prepare design students, but that schools and other "learning environments/schools" are similarly ignored. Considering this, the study unfolds reasons why interior design studios do not assign "learning environments" as design projects. Moreover, it analyzes a specifi c learning environment, in terms of its considerable scope and adequate complexity, as a design problem. © Kappa Delta Pi.
Open Access
Reconciling computer and hand: The case of author identity in design presentations
(2005) Şenyapılı, Burcu; Basa, İ
As computers were newly emerging in the field of architectural design, it was claimed that the impact of computers would change the way architects design and present. However, within the course of computer use in design, although the field of architectural practice might have been altered extremely, in architectural education there still seems to be a bond to conventional mind-hand-paper relation. One of the reasons for that bond is the fact that although being related to many technologies, architecture essentially positions itself around an artistic core that is still fed with conventional modes of creation. Architectural education aims at adopting and working on this very core. One of the major contributors in the formation of this core is the presence of author identity. This paper makes a critical approach to computers in terms of expressing author identity in design presentations especially during design education. We believe that the author identity is important in design education in terms of identifying the potential and skills of the student. Especially in design education the final step of design process turns out to be the presentation, unlike architectural practice where the presented design is actually built. Within this conception, two different studies were held in an educational environment with 160 design students and 20 design instructors. The results of both studies pointed at the fact that the digital opportunities that exist for design education should evolve around preserving and underlining the author identity in design presentations.
Open Access
Rethinking social inclusivity: Design strategies for cities
(ICE Publishing, 2011) Afacan, Yasemin; Afacan, S. O.
Cities have become more fragmented due to the increasing urbanisation of many parts of the world. There is more inequality and a growing complexity of social life in cities that leads to social exclusion and increasing social differentiation. This study approaches social inclusivity within the context of universal urban design and defines it as a vehicle for promoting human wellbeing, environmental wholeness and principles of participatory democracy. Mat urbanism - an urban form concept that is more organic and fluid than other urban forms and models - is proposed, alongside a universal design approach, to achieve the goals of sustainable communities and enhance quality of life. The relationship of mat urbanism to the features of high-quality environments and sustainable developments is questioned and illustrated with simple diagrams. The paper concludes with the importance of universally designed sets of regulatory practices regarding sustainable architecture and urban development - from individual buildings to the district and city-scale level. The contribution of this study is not only to explore the potentials of Smithson's configurations theoretically but also to open new means through which towns and cities can be planned in the future in order to promote social inclusivity, environmental responsiveness, sustainability and universal urban design.
Open Access
SeaSpider: Automated information gathering on vessel movements in support of marine intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance
(Spie, 2008-03) Tatar, Serhan; Chapman, D. M. F.
SeaSpider is an R&D tool to investigate the development of a software agent that would aid an operator in gathering information about marine vessels from public sources on the Internet. This information would supplement sensor information used for Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) to enhance Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) and to complete the Recognized Maritime Picture (RMP). Specifically, SeaSpider is fine-tuned to search for, extract, integrate, and display information about locations (ports), dates and times, and activities (arrival, in berth, departure). One module manages World Wide Web (WWW) searches and retrieves the web pages; another module extracts relevant ship activities, integrates them and populates a database; a third module retrieves information from the database in response to user-generated queries. In this paper, the SeaSpider concept is introduced, the design details of the prototype are presented, and performance is analyzed, with a view towards future research.
Open Access
Understanding responses to materials and colors in interiors
(Wiley, 2017) Ulusoy, B.; Olguntürk, N.
This article investigates the free associations of materials and colors in the context of interior architecture. Materials and colors rarely appear alone in interiors; therefore, in the scope of this study, the researchers explored material pairs and color pairs in addition to single materials and single colors. To elicit free associations from these interior design elements, 192 randomly selected volunteers participated in an experiment using a group of material (fabric, timber, plasterboard) and color (red, green, white) models under controlled conditions. The results contribute to an increased understanding of the associations between the concepts of materials and colors in interiors. While, each model was associated with sensory descriptors, only some models were associated with symbolic or affective descriptors. Single materials were related to different descriptors in interiors on their own, but when they were paired they were associated with fewer affective descriptors. The results showed that color pairs were always associated with all types of descriptors with an exception of red and green color pair, which was not mentioned with affective descriptors. The study findings are expected to be beneficial for interior architects, architects, product designers and researchers who want to shape and investigate a user's experience of interiors. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 42, 261–272, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Open Access
Visualization of virtual architecture
(IEEE, 1997) Şenyapılı, Burcu
This study constitutes a framework, a justification and a proposal for the opportunity to improve the use and efficiency of visualization of architecture in the virtual environment. It seeks a new platform to define architectural design communication. The design process depends upon creation of models and virtual environment offers the medium of exchange where the design model can be shared and criticized by people other than the designer; various analysis can be applied and the results of both can be used to change or improve the design. Possibilities offered by visualization do not fit into the paper-based way of architectural thinking. In order to benefit from the potential of visualization it is required to redefine architecture, architectural design process and architectural terms with respect to the virtual environment. This study introduces a transitional solution between the paper-based and the future ways of thinking in architecture by enabling the designers customize the visualization software according to their purposes.