Graduate School of Education
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11693/115677
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Item Open Access Factors that promote effective listening(1989) Sencan, NilgünItem Open Access A contrastive error analysis on the written errors of Turkish students learning English(1989) Şimşek, SeranIt is self-evident that langnaffe learning takes place over a period of time and learners will produce some forms correctly, some incorrectly and others inconsistently throughout this period. The aim of this paper is to explore and explain the linguistic difficulties which Turkish students meet during their mastery of English. An error analysis was conducted on the writing samples of Bilkent University Preparatory School students. In accordance with the results the most problematic areas for the learners were determined and some suggestions for the error correction were given. Without a study based on error an-alysis it is difficult to determine which errors play a ma.jor role in the student's ability t o ’manipulate grammatical elements to build up sentences. We need to know which part of the language they have most difficulty with so that we can conduct remedial teaching.Item Open Access Motivation and motivating techniques in the teaching of English as a Foreign Language in Turkish universities(1989) Akyıldız, SündüsThe purpose of this paper is to focus upon the aspect of motivation in TEFL in Turkey. It has been apparent that motivation IS something often missing in EFL students in Turkey mainly because of their attitudes toujards learning the foreign language- Notivation is missing because students view the language not as an aim in itself but as a means to an end and because teachers use inappropriate and ineffective methods and material in the language classroom. Since motivation is a key term for success in learning a foreign language, or any other subject, and since many foreign language classes lack motivation, there arises the need for EFL teachers to find ways to promote motivation in their students. Therefore, this paper attempts to give EFL teachers, or other people in the field of teaching such as the teacher trainee, an insight to enable them to handle the problem of motivation - As Stevick (1982) states '’Making informed choices is what teaching is all about," the purpose of this project is to provide information to teachers and teacher trainees about some motivating techniques of foreign language teaching which are the practical applications to the classroom. This paper intends to provide an understanding of the principles on which the current methods are based and of the motivating techniques associated with those methods. The purpose is not to convince the reader of the superiority of any of them. What is being recommended is that, in the interest of becoming informed about existing choices, teachers can investigate each method or technique. Teachers may also examine their own beliefs about teaching and learning, and about how they put these into practice. Even those of the readers witii a great deal of teaching experience stand to benefit from considering the principles of learning and teaching techniques in terms of motivation. This paper may also help course designers to establish goals and objectives for f£FL programs taking the motivation factor and suggested techniques into consideration.Item Open Access Teaching English through drama(1989) Ayral, Gaye Asiye MineItem Open Access A Communicative curriculum for MA/MS/PhD students at the preparatory school of Karadeniz Technical University(1989) Arslan, Recep ŞahinThe purpose of this research is to analyze needs and interests of the learners and the University, and to design a curriculum framework that meets needs and interests of this particular setting. As new approaches have been emerging in the field of EEL, curriculum designers should take innovations into account when designing programs in order for students to reach desired language competency. This research may be a good example for program designers to make use of recent methods and techniques by following procedures suggested by specialists in the field of course design. This study is of great importance to help curriculum designers in Turkey realize that interests and needs should be considered and included in curricula to reach goals and objectives effectively. Programs in which the needs and interests of learners are taken into account function effect ively. Everyone ranging from student to instructor knows why they are in the program, what they expect, and what they get from the program. As a result of this study, the expectations from the program are evaluated, and how well the present preparatory program at Karadeniz Technical University fits the needs is seen.Item Open Access Systematic language program development and evaluation in Turkey(1989) Yumuk, AyşeItem Open Access Factors that help in forming good writers(1989) Öcal, NükteThe field of Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL) now recognizes the importance of writing as one of the major means of communication. Thus, communicative language teaching is more and more concerned with improving students' writing skills. Especially in academic settings such as the teaching of English at universities, one of the main goals is to develop students' writing abilities. Although research on writing and the teaching of writing in foreign language has been late and sporadic, with the increasing interest in the field, it has become one of the attractive areas in TEFL. This study is based upon two main issues both related to the cognitive dimension of composition writing. One of the concerns is the composing processes of second language student writers and the other one is the acquisition of writing style through reading. On the one hand, composing strategies that good writers effectively use are studied. On the other hand, the influence of the amount and quality of pleasure reading on writing ability is researched. When we think of an EFL context where Turkish students write in English we are immediately interested in the implications of the above issues for the teaching of writing.Item Unknown Item Open Access The role of culture in the foreign language classroom(1989) Küçükönal, HaticeCommunication like many human activities is constrained by individual and cultural factors- It is not enough to learn only the form of a language to communicate. Moreover, many commun ica t ion faiJures are the result of lack of cross-cultural understanding rather than a lack of linguistic competence. The goal in foreign language teaching must be to develop "communicative competence." The development of "communicative competence" in the foreign language involves much more than linguistic competence. Communication also involves developing an awareness of the way of life and the traditions of the people whose language is being studied. Thus, learning the cultural roots of a language is essential for meaningful fluency. In other words, an understanding of culture makes language study more meaningful. According to the field of anthropology, culture should not be isolated from language; it should be used to teach language as well as provide content and focus for what the foreign language student should know in order to function harmoniously in various sociaj situations in the target language environment.Item Unknown The introduction of prepositions in elementary level EFL textbooks(1989) Keservuran, Hacer AynurThis study, which consists of four sections, investigates v^ihether the order of English prepositions and the way they are introduced at elementary level (zero/false/ comp lete/advanced beginners) textbooks are in line v*jith the order of English prepositions suggested by experts. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, ten elementary level communicative textbooks were analyzed in terms of how and for what purpose the prepositions in these books were used. The results have been analyzed and discussed. In the first section, a strong emphasis is made on the statement of the topic. The purpose of this study is also explained. Then the method of this study is presented. Finally, limitations and expectations related to the topic and to this study are mentioned. The second section, the literary review, deals with the prepositions of English and preposition types in English. This is followed by a reviev-j of studies on the order of prepositions in English given by experts. Short reviews of the ten textbooks used as the data source are also given in this section- In the third section, the data collected -for this study are presented and analyzedSection -four discusses the statistical interprétât ions o-f the data and gives an order of the prepositions used in the textbooks chosen for this study.Item Unknown Teacher effectiveness in EFL classes through supervision(1989) Mıhçıoğlu, LeylaItem Open Access Communicative language methodology: a preliminary assessment of its use in selected Turkish educational institutions(1989) Yalvaç, MuratIn this p7?o.iectji the main pui'poses are to review selected library materials and the subject of communicative language teaching in order to gain a better understanding of what communicative language teaching is and to examine the proportion of a selected group of English teachers who are aware of the issue of the Communicative Language Methodology (C.L.M.).Item Open Access Item Open Access The Communicative curriculum of the Turkish language program at TOMER(1989) Songül, SibelItem Open Access Teaching vocabulary in Turkish state secondary schools(1989) Paker, TuranItem Open Access Problems with teaching the word order of English to Turkish students(1989) Altunay, UğurThe topic of this paper, is the problems related to the teaching of the word-order of English to university students in Turkey. This paper is also a study into the ways EFL teachers can solve those problems. Since English and Turkish come from two entirely different language families, the word-orders of these two languages do not look alike. Therefore, Turkish learners of English have a lot of difficulties in learning the syntax system of English. Studying and analyzing the types of errors which Turkish learners of English produce will give us an idea of the ways we can overcome the problems as well. To be able to do this study, a thorough literature review was conducted in order to collect information as to what syntax is, why it is important, how we can discriminate between "grammatical" and "ungrammatical" and how we can analyze students' errors and correct them. Furthermore, data were collected in order to discern the errors and transfers which were made by a limited sample of students. The focus has especially been on students' written performances. The syntactic errors they made while they were writing were discerned by a thorough analysis of their papers. Then, these errors were classified and analyzed on the basis of the theoretical studies reviewed in the professional literature. In Section 2, what syntax is and how we analyze sentences are discussed. The theoretical basis on which the analytical obtained through the analysis are introduced in Section 4, Finally, learner strategies which are considered to be directly related to the errors that learners make are summarized in Section 5. This section also includes some suggestions as to what EFL teachers can do to help students overcome the difficulties in learning/acquiring the word-order of English.Item Open Access A Collaborative improvement model of supervision developed for the Bilkent University School of English Language(1990) Başaran, OyaAll English as a Foreign Language (EEL) teachers, regardless of being native or non-native speakers of English, can benefit from instructional supervision to improve theii* instructional planning, their teaching performance and their means of assessing student learning. Florez-Tighe (1985:1,2) qualifies the importance of instructional supervision as ’’unquestionable” and further states that whe^n properly implemented instructi onal supervision can faci]itäte staff development, improve the instructional program and stimulate effeciive curricu]urn development. The purpose of this study is to describe a model of instructiona] supervision which can be used to improve leaching/1 earning at BUSEL. The model aims at eliminating the negative feelings built-up against any form of observation among teachers and establishing a positive? attitude toward observation which is carried out for supervisory purposes and by generating an atmosphere of trust in the process. The model is designed to encourage sharing of ideas and deve?lop supportive interaction among the teachers and between the teachers and the administrators.Item Open Access Techniques for motivating students to write, for teaching writing and for systematizing writing assessment(1990) Küçükal, ŞerifeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the suggestions that experts in the field of teaching composition have for motivating students to write, teaching writing and assessing writing and the ways that these suggestions could be used in Turkish EFL Hazirlik classes for elementary level students. This paper may also be helpful for EFL teachers who need insight into techniques to motivate students to write and techniques to teach writing. Therefore, this research attempts to give EFL teachers in the field of writing insights to enable them to handle the problem of writing as a whole. As a result, the teachers will be provided with information about the techniques of writing process in foreign language teaching which are the practical applications to the classroom: motivating students to write, teaching writing, and assessing writing. The rationale behind studying writing assessment is to save this part from being a nightmare for the student and also for the teacher. It is hoped that this study will show that assessment part of writing can be made creative and a motivating factor in the writing process. This project may also help course designers establish objectives and goals of English courses, taking the problem areas of writing into consideration.Item Open Access Item Open Access