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      Genetics and epigenetics of liver cancer

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      Author
      Özen, Çiğdem
      Yıldız, Gökhan
      Dağcan, Alper Tunga
      Çevik, Dilek
      Örs, Ayşegül
      Keleş, Umut
      Topel, Hande
      Öztürk, Mehmet
      Date
      2013
      Source Title
      New Biotechnology
      Print ISSN
      1871-6784
      Publisher
      Elsevier
      Volume
      30
      Issue
      4
      Pages
      381 - 384
      Language
      English
      Type
      Conference Paper
      Article
      Item Usage Stats
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      505
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      Abstract
      Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a major form of primary liver cancer in adults. Chronic infections with hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) viruses and alcohol abuse are the major factors leading to HCC. This deadly cancer affects more than 500,000 people worldwide and it is quite resistant to conventional chemo- and radiotherapy. Genetic and epigenetic studies on HCC may help to understand better its mechanisms and provide new tools for early diagnosis and therapy. Recent literature on whole genome analysis of HCC indicated a high number of mutated genes in addition to well-known genes such as TP53, CTNNB1, AXIN1 and CDKN2A, but their frequencies are much lower. Apart from CTNNB1 mutations, most of the other mutations appear to result in loss-of-function. Thus, HCC-associated mutations cannot be easily targeted for therapy. Epigenetic aberrations that appear to occur quite frequently may serve as new targets. Global DNA hypomethylation, promoter methylation, aberrant expression of non-coding RNAs and dysregulated expression of other epigenetic regulatory genes such as EZH2 are the best-known epigenetic abnormalities. Future research in this direction may help to identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC.
      Keywords
      Chronic infection
      DNA hypomethylation
      Hepatocellular carcinoma
      Primary liver cancers
      Promoter methylation
      Regulatory genes
      Therapeutic targets
      Whole genome analysis
      Alkylation
      Diseases
      Nucleic acids
      Viruses
      Gene expression
      AXIN1 protein
      Cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A
      Protein p53
      Regulator protein
      Transcription factor EZH2
      Unclassified drug
      Untranslated RNA
      Cancer genetics
      Chromosome aberration
      DNA methylation
      Epigenetics
      Gain of function mutation
      Gene expression regulation
      Gene frequency
      Genetic association
      Genome analysis
      Hepatitis B virus
      Liver carcinogenesis
      Liver cell carcinoma
      Loss of function mutation
      Nonhuman
      Priority journal
      Promoter region
      Virus DNA cell DNA interaction
      Virus genome
      Carcinoma
      Genetic epigenesis
      Genetics
      Carcinoma
      Epigenesis
      Epigenomics
      Human
      Liver neoplasms
      Permalink
      http://hdl.handle.net/11693/20956
      Published Version (Please cite this version)
      https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2013.01.007
      Collections
      • Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics 442
      • Genetics and Biotechnology Research Center (BİLGEN) 16
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