Cost and emission impacts of virtual power plant formation in plug-in hybrid electric vehicle penetrated networks

Date
2013
Authors
Arslan, O.
Karasan, O. E.
Advisor
Instructor
Source Title
Energy
Print ISSN
0360-5442
Electronic ISSN
Publisher
Volume
60
Issue
Pages
116 - 124
Language
English
Type
Article
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Abstract

With increasing interest in alternative energy resources and technologies, mass penetration of PHEVs (plug-in hybrid vehicles) into the electricity grid and widespread utilization of DERs (distributed energy resources) are anticipated in the near future. As an aggregation unit, the VPP (virtual power plant) is introduced for load management and resource scheduling. In this article, we develop an energy management model for VPPs and analyze the cost and emission impacts of VPP formation and PHEV penetration. We conduct a case study for the state of California using real-world data from official resources. An average of 29.5% cost reduction and 79% CO2 and 83% NOx emission reductions are attained as shared benefits of consumers in the case study. Results are illustrative of opportunities that VPP formation can provide for the community. Sensitivity of the results to the DER costs and capacities, battery and gasoline prices are also analyzed. In addition, we prove that charging and discharging do not simultaneously occur in the solutions, which leads to a simplification in traditional energy management models.

Course
Other identifiers
Book Title
Keywords
DER, Energy management, PHEV, Scheduling, V2G, VPP, Alternative energy resources, DER, Distributed Energy Resources, Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle, Virtual power plants, Carbon dioxide, Emission control, Energy resources
Citation
Published Version (Please cite this version)