Do Alzheimer’s disease patients appear younger than their real age?

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buir.contributor.authorDibeklioğlu, Hamdi
dc.citation.epage488en_US
dc.citation.issueNumber5en_US
dc.citation.spage483en_US
dc.citation.volumeNumber49en_US
dc.contributor.authorTüfekçioğlu, Z.en_US
dc.contributor.authorBilgiç, B.en_US
dc.contributor.authorZeylan, A. E.en_US
dc.contributor.authorSalah, A. A.en_US
dc.contributor.authorDibeklioğlu, Hamdien_US
dc.contributor.authorEmre, M.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2021-03-01T12:08:30Z
dc.date.available2021-03-01T12:08:30Z
dc.date.issued2020-10
dc.departmentDepartment of Computer Engineeringen_US
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: The most prominent risk factor of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is aging. Aging also influences the physical appearance. Our clinical experience suggests that patients with AD may appear younger than their actual age. Based on this empirical observation, we set forth to test the hypothesis with human and computer-based estimation systems. Method: We compared 50 early-stage AD patients with 50 age and sex-matched controls. Facial images of all subjects were recorded using a video camera with high resolution, frontal view, and clear lighting. Subjects were recorded during natural conversations while performing Mini-Mental State Examination, including spontaneous smiles in addition to static images. The images were used for age estimation by 2 methods: (1) computer-based age estimation; (2) human-based age estimation. Computer-based system used a state-of-the-art deep convolutional neural network classifier to process the facial images contained in a single-video session and performed frame-based age estimation. Individuals who estimated the age by visual inspection of video sequences were chosen following a pilot selection phase. The mean error (ME) of estimations was the main end point of this study. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the ME scores for AD patients and healthy controls (p = 0.33); however, the difference was in favor of younger estimation of the AD group. The average ME score for AD patients was lower than that for healthy controls in computer-based estimation system, indicating that AD patients were on average estimated to be younger than their actual age as compared to controls. This difference was statistically significant (p = 0.007). Conclusion: There was a tendency for humans to estimate AD patients younger, and computer-based estimations showed that AD patients were estimated to be younger than their real age as compared to controls. The underlying mechanisms for this observation are unclear.en_US
dc.description.provenanceSubmitted by Evrim Ergin (eergin@bilkent.edu.tr) on 2021-03-01T12:08:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Do_Alzheimer’s_disease_patients_appear_younger_than_their_real_age.pdf: 264354 bytes, checksum: 299e8ba15c6a9a470c7a5eb11340f921 (MD5)en
dc.description.provenanceMade available in DSpace on 2021-03-01T12:08:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Do_Alzheimer’s_disease_patients_appear_younger_than_their_real_age.pdf: 264354 bytes, checksum: 299e8ba15c6a9a470c7a5eb11340f921 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-10en
dc.identifier.doi10.1159/000510359en_US
dc.identifier.issn1420-8008
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11693/75675
dc.language.isoEnglishen_US
dc.publisherS. Karger AGen_US
dc.relation.isversionofhttps://doi.org/10.1159/000510359en_US
dc.source.titleDementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disordersen_US
dc.subjectAlzheimer’s diseaseen_US
dc.subjectAgeen_US
dc.subjectPhysical appearanceen_US
dc.titleDo Alzheimer’s disease patients appear younger than their real age?en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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