Emergency remote teaching in Turkey: a systematic literature review

Abstract

The aim of this study is to systematically review the literature on Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) during COVID-19 period in Turkey which started on March 23, 2020 and continued until the end of the spring term 2019-2020 in K12 and higher education context. The study sample consisted of 52 articles which were located from Scopus, ERIC and DergiPark databases through search criteria and examined under systematic literature review procedures. Articles are categorized according to their demographic data; methodology, data collection tools, size of the sample, sample type, level of the sample, curricular area, and digital platforms. Results indicated that qualitative research methods were the most preferred amongst the studies, conducted mostly in the higher education level. Sample sizes of the studies differed between 0-400 and small-scale research was the most popular. Amongst the articles, video conferencing tool Zoom was the most encountered digital tool. The research articles were reviewed to locate the changes happened within the teaching-learning cycle during ERT period regarding students and teachers of K12 and higher education contexts. Findings included following patterns; concepts of context as accessibility, flexibility of time and space, characteristics of home environments, internet and infrastructure problems, inequalities in possession of required technology; concepts of classroom processes as participation, use of materials and communication between students and instructors; concepts of input as content, students’ levels of interest and motivation, students’ study habits and students’ learning style. Implications for practice and implications for further research were given.