Human visual cortical responses to specular and matte motion flows

Date
2015
Authors
Kam, T.-E.
Mannion, D.J.
Lee, S.-W.
Doerschner, K.
Kersten, D.J.
Advisor
Instructor
Source Title
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
Print ISSN
16625161
Electronic ISSN
Publisher
Frontiers Media S. A
Volume
9
Issue
OCTOBER
Pages
Language
English
Type
Article
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Abstract

Determining the compositional properties of surfaces in the environment is an important visual capacity. One such property is specular reflectance, which encompasses the range from matte to shiny surfaces. Visual estimation of specular reflectance can be informed by characteristic motion profiles; a surface with a specular reflectance that is difficult to determine while static can be confidently disambiguated when set in motion. Here, we used fMRI to trace the sensitivity of human visual cortex to such motion cues, both with and without photometric cues to specular reflectance. Participants viewed rotating blob-like objects that were rendered as images (photometric) or dots (kinematic) with either matte-consistent or shiny-consistent specular reflectance profiles. We were unable to identify any areas in low and mid-level human visual cortex that responded preferentially to surface specular reflectance from motion. However, univariate and multivariate analyses identified several visual areas; V1, V2, V3, V3A/B, and hMT+, capable of differentiating shiny from matte surface flows. These results indicate that the machinery for extracting kinematic cues is present in human visual cortex, but the areas involved in integrating such information with the photometric cues necessary for surface specular reflectance remain unclear. © 2015 Kam, Mannion, Lee, Doerschner and Kersten.

Course
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Keywords
Classification, Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), Motion flow, Surface materials, Visual perception, Article, association cortex, controlled study, evoked cortical response, functional magnetic resonance imaging, human, information processing, normal human, secondary visual cortex, striate cortex, visual area V3, visual area V4, visual cortex, visual information
Citation
Published Version (Please cite this version)