Period doubling behavior in human steady state visual evoked potentials

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buir.contributor.authorTuncel, Yiğit
buir.contributor.authorBaşaklar, Toygun
buir.contributor.authorİder, Yusuf Ziya
dc.citation.epage025024-1en_US
dc.citation.issueNumber2en_US
dc.citation.spage025024-11en_US
dc.citation.volumeNumber4en_US
dc.contributor.authorTuncel, Yiğiten_US
dc.contributor.authorBaşaklar, Toygunen_US
dc.contributor.authorİder, Yusuf Ziyaen_US
dc.date.accessioned2019-02-21T16:03:45Z
dc.date.available2019-02-21T16:03:45Z
dc.date.issued2018en_US
dc.departmentDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineeringen_US
dc.description.abstractObjective. Previous human steady state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) experiments have yielded different results regarding the range of stimulus frequencies in which period doubling (PD) behavior is observed. This study aims at obtaining experimental and statistical data regarding the frequency range of PD generation and also investigates other characteristics of PD. Approach. In two sets of experiments, seven subjects were presented a sinusoidal flickering light stimulus with frequencies varying from 15 to 42 Hz. To observe the short term variations in PD generation, another set of 5 successive experiments were performed on five subjects with 10 min breaks in between. To obtain the SSVEP responses, filtering, signal averaging and power spectral density (PSD) estimation were applied to the recorded electroencephalogram. From the PSD estimates, subharmonic occurrence rates were calculated for each experiment and were used along with ANOVA for interpreting the outcomes of the short term repeatability experiments. Main results. Although fundamental (excitation frequency) and second harmonic components appear in almost all SSVEP spectra, there is considerable inter-subject and intra-subject variability regarding PD occurrence. PD occurs for all stimulus frequencies from 15 to 42 Hz when all subjects are considered together. Furthermore, the statistical analyses of short term repeatability experiments suggest that in the short term, PD generation is consistent when all frequencies are considered together but for a single frequency significant short term differences occur. There also is considerable variation in the ratio of subharmonic amplitude to fundamental amplitude across different frequencies for a given subject. Significance. Important results and statistical data are obtained regarding PD generation. Our results indicate that modeling studies should attempt to generate PD for a broader range of stimulus frequencies. It is argued that SSVEP based brain-computer interface applications would likely benefit from the utilization of subharmonics in classification.
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBI-TAK) under Grant 116E153.
dc.identifier.doi10.1088/2057-1976/aaa78f
dc.identifier.issn2057-1976
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11693/50132
dc.language.isoEnglish
dc.publisherInstitute of Physics Publishing
dc.relation.isversionofhttps://doi.org/10.1088/2057-1976/aaa78f
dc.relation.project1.16E+155
dc.source.titleBiomedical Physics and Engineering Expressen_US
dc.subjectEEGen_US
dc.subjectHarmonicsen_US
dc.subjectPeriod doublingen_US
dc.subjectSinusoidal flicker stimulationen_US
dc.subjectSSVEPen_US
dc.subjectSteady state visual evoked potentialen_US
dc.subjectSubharmonicen_US
dc.titlePeriod doubling behavior in human steady state visual evoked potentialsen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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