Heritability of neuropsychological measures in schizophrenia and nonpsychiatric populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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dc.citation.epage800en_US
dc.citation.issueNumber4en_US
dc.citation.spage788en_US
dc.citation.volumeNumber43en_US
dc.contributor.authorBlokland, G. A. M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorMesholam-Gately, R. I.en_US
dc.contributor.authorToulopoulou, T.en_US
dc.contributor.authorDel Re, E. C.en_US
dc.contributor.authorLam, M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorDelisi, L. E.en_US
dc.contributor.authorDonohoe, G.en_US
dc.contributor.authorWalters, J. T. R.en_US
dc.contributor.authorSeidman, L. J.en_US
dc.contributor.authorPetryshen, T. L.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2018-04-12T13:51:18Z
dc.date.available2018-04-12T13:51:18Z
dc.date.issued2017en_US
dc.departmentDepartment of Psychologyen_US
dc.description.abstractSchizophrenia is characterized by neuropsychological deficits across many cognitive domains. Cognitive phenotypes with high heritability and genetic overlap with schizophrenia liability can help elucidate the mechanisms leading from genes to psychopathology. We performed a meta-analysis of 170 published twin and family heritability studies of >800 000 nonpsychiatric and schizophrenia subjects to accurately estimate heritability across many neuropsychological tests and cognitive domains. The proportion of total variance of each phenotype due to additive genetic effects (A), shared environment (C), and unshared environment and error (E), was calculated by averaging A, C, and E estimates across studies and weighting by sample size. Heritability ranged across phenotypes, likely due to differences in genetic and environmental effects, with the highest heritability for General Cognitive Ability (32%-67%), Verbal Ability (43%-72%), Visuospatial Ability (20%-80%), and Attention/Processing Speed (28%-74%), while the lowest heritability was observed for Executive Function (20%-40%). These results confirm that many cognitive phenotypes are under strong genetic influences. Heritability estimates were comparable in nonpsychiatric and schizophrenia samples, suggesting that environmental factors and illness-related moderators (eg, medication) do not substantially decrease heritability in schizophrenia samples, and that genetic studies in schizophrenia samples are informative for elucidating the genetic basis of cognitive deficits. Substantial genetic overlap between cognitive phenotypes and schizophrenia liability (average r g = '.58) in twin studies supports partially shared genetic etiology. It will be important to conduct comparative studies in well-powered samples to determine whether the same or different genes and genetic variants influence cognition in schizophrenia patients and the general population.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1093/schbul/sbw146en_US
dc.identifier.eissn1745-1701
dc.identifier.issn0586-7614
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11693/38228en_US
dc.publisherOxford University Pressen_US
dc.relation.isversionofhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbw146en_US
dc.source.titleSchizophrenia Bulletinen_US
dc.subjectCognitionen_US
dc.subjectEndophenotypesen_US
dc.subjectHeritabilityen_US
dc.subjectMeta - analysisen_US
dc.subjectNeuropsychologyen_US
dc.subjectTwin studyen_US
dc.titleHeritability of neuropsychological measures in schizophrenia and nonpsychiatric populations: a systematic review and meta-analysisen_US
dc.typeReviewen_US

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