Noise induced creation and annihilation of solitons in dispersion managed fiber oscillators

Abstract

Optical solitons and their interaction with other solitons or with dispersive wave shed by solitons under modulation instabilities or perturbation constitute a versatile experimental and theoretical platform for studying the nature of complex dynamics occurring in laser cavities [1-3] in addition to common physical principles in terms with a range of other nonlinear, non-equilibrium, coupled systems outside of optics. A soliton is energy localization of dissipative structures of electric field which evolves from noise in laser cavities. It is stationary solution of nonlinear Schrödinger equation that balances the effects of chromatic dispersion with nonlinearity during propagation in a medium. Strong pumping in soliton regime drives a laser system in to a multi pulsing self-organized system. Such a system in fiber medium is ubiquitous and always attracts research interest. Multisoliton pulses or soliton bunches generated from different systems through a short and long range interaction due to acoustic waves generated from electrostriction and its perturbation induced refractive index change of the medium by a propagating pulse on the next pulse in the neighborhood [4]. A short range interaction can occur as a result of pulses overlapping, acoustoptic interaction or it can occur when dispersive waves at the tail of pulses interact with a back ground field or with solitons near to its [1, 4, 5].