Green location and routing problems with conventional vehicles and drones

Green Location and Routing Problems extend the network design problems that consider location and routing decisions by explicitly accounting environmental impacts such as CO2 emissions caused by fuel or energy consumption of delivery vehicles. These environmental impacts estimated by fuel or energy consumption models are a ected by several factors including payload and speed of delivery vehicles. We present four new green location and routing problems where we consider these factors while calculating the environmental impacts. We rst introduce the Green Location-Routing Problem, in which vehicle payload and speed decisions are incorporated to a location-routing problem and the fuel consumption of trucks is estimated and minimized. Second, we study the Green Hub Location Problem, where we minimize the fuel consumption by optimizing truck payload and speed decisions on a hub network. Third, we present a freight transportation problem called the Drone Delivery Problem, where the integration of trucks and drones is used to make deliveries. Drone speed is considered as a decision of the problem in order to minimize energy consumption of drones while not exceeding the drone range. Fourth, we study an extension of the Drone Delivery Problem, called the Stochastic Drone Delivery Problem, where uncertainty of wind speed and its impact on the drone speed are considered.