Browsing by Subject "realism"

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Open Access
Ahmet Mithat Efendi ve Beşir Fuat'a göre gerçekçilik
(2004) Cankara, Murat
Mithat Efendi (1844-1912) and Beşir Fuat (1852-1887) by focusing on their articles and letters on the subject. It is usual to study the development of realism in Turkish literature by only taking the novels into account. However, articles are a valuable source of information in order to understand how realism was interpreted by Ottoman writers. The texts focused on in this thesis are the newspaper articles and letters of Ahmet Mithat Efendi and Beşir Fuat, who developed opposing views on realism. These articles and letters were mostly published during the 1880s and 1890s. Ahmet Mithat Efendi rejected realism both on aesthetic and non-aesthetic grounds. Yet, it has also been noted that he used the concept of “verisimilitude” and asserted that a novel should seem to be true even if it was imaginary. One other important aspect of Ahmet Mithat’s interpretation of realism is his effort to appropriate and adapt it to the Ottoman context. On the other hand, it has been indicated that Beşir Fuat’s approach to literary realism is just the opposite of Ahmet Mithat’s. Beşir Fuat, who criticizes romanticism, classical Ottoman poetry and the role of imagination in literature underlines the necessity that a writer should work like a historian or a sociologist. He is also against elaborate language and states that the primary aim of the literary language is to transmit ideas to the reader in a clear and exact way. It has been concluded that there is not only one interpretation of realism in Ottoman literature at the end of the nineteenth century. The fact that the writers of the period did not simply imitate their French contemporaries and tried to transform their conception of realism is also within the conclusions that have been reached.
Open Access
Klişelerden uzak bir köy romancısı : Abbas Sayar
(2002) Tomur, Sevil
One of the most controversial literary subjects in Turkey between 1950s and 1970s was village literature, a specific genre that refers to the realistic works of Village Institute authors. These works, generally focused on economic and social problems of villagers, have been criticized for having too many stereotypical elements. Therefore, authors, whose fictions are based on village, are not literarily appreciated, regarded simply as village writers. Among those is Abbas Sayar (1923-1999), the author of novels entitled Can Şenliği (1974), Çelo (1972), Dik Bayır (1977), and Yılkı Atı (1970) among others. As a village-rooted novelist, the themes of his novels are on life in Central Anatolia and the language of these works contains idioms, proverbs, and accents of this region. Yet, he also pays attention to the original sides of his subject matters and establishes his novels skillfully. Hence, on the one side, he can be classified as a village writer. On the other side, he differs from other village writers in his literary methods. In this thesis, the place of Abbas Sayar’s works in village literature is detected and the original aspects of his novels are exemplified.
Open Access
Sürgün yolunda bir yenileşme serüveni : Mihnet-Keşan
(2008) Tüzin, Derya
Literary histories are seen to have confined their horizon of Ottoman poetry of the 19th century, a century marked by the revolutionary changes in literature, mainly to the post-Tanzimat period, where the process of Westernization reached its momentum. This thesis, however, focusses on the highly disregarded literary “revival” in the first quarter of the 19th century through the analysis of a major work of the period, Keçecizade İzzet Molla’s Mihnet-Keşan. With a heightened sense of “individuality” and “reality”, this masnavi diverges notably from traditional masnavi narratives which tend to represent types rather than individuals and legendary, supernatural events. This divergence, which is closely related with the fact that Mihnet-Keşan was inspired by a real event, İzzet Molla’s exile to Keşan in 1823, constitutes the main axis of study of this thesis. This masnavi of autobiographical character depicts the “individual” and represents the author’s life in exile with a strong sense of atmosphere, time and milieu. In this view, the thesis firstly discusses the problematic issue of the literary genre of Mihnet-Keşan, and then gives a closer look at the emergence of the “individual” as an existential matter in the masnavi, taking as its departure point a well-known passage, where the poet, on his way to Keşan, has a conversation with his reflection on the rearview mirror of the coach. The thesis also treats the nature of traditional versus modern narratives and the question of approaching Mihnet-Keşan as a modern narrative; as well as the deviant character of the masnavi in terms of the presentation of love relationships. The last discussion this thesis carries out, is on the way the system of patronage in the Ottoman State is interpreted from the perspective of a poet in enforced exile.