Browsing by Subject "objectivity"

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Open Access
Adnan Benk ve Türkiye'de modern edebiyat eleştirisi
(2003) Aksu, Nuri
Adnan Benk (1922-1998), a famous critic in modern Turkish literature, started writing reviews in 1947, after graduating from the Department of Roman Languages and Literatures at İstanbul University in 1946. He published his articles mostly between 1950-1960 in various newspapers and literary magazines. Having a very lively writing style and a deep knowledge of various arts, Benk’s writings focused on literature, fine arts, music, cinema, and theatre. Benk engaged in discussions with famous names of the Turkish literary world in some of his writings. Since a wide range of subjects and a vivid style characterize his writings, he has been considered a highly original writer both by the writers of his time and of today. In this work, the continuity and change in Adnan Benk’s career as a literary critic are discussed in the context of the main trends in Turkish literary criticism, namely, subjective and objective criticisms. In the first chapter of the thesis, Benk’s style, his view of criticism, art, and culture, and the sources of his critical approach are discussed. Benk’s view of criticism, which favors objectivity, suggests that literary works must be analyzed as a unity in themselves and primarily by literary terms. Benk was also a good polemicist and used successfully an original sense of humor in his critical texts. In the second chapter of the thesis Benk’s critical outlook is compared and contrasted first with that of Nurullah Ataç, who favors the subjective method, and then with Berna Moran who represents the objective method. As a result of these comparisons, it is concluded that Benk stands closer to Nurullah Ataç in terms of his sense of humor and sharp irony although his view of objective criticism is closer to that of Berna Moran. Thus, it can be said that Adnan Benk’s idea of objective criticism sometimes contradicts his critical practice, which embodies a personal style and subjective judgements.
Open Access
Türkiye'de deneme ve eleştirinin gelişiminde Orhan Burian'ın yeri
(2003) Canpolat, Müge
Orhan Burian (1914-1953) was a prominent figure in Turkish culture and literature with his essays, critical writings, reviews, and translations. Although Burian is not well-known by contemporary readers, he has had an important place in the development of the Turkish essay and criticism especially with his objective style of writing. This thesis entitled “Orhan Burian’s Place in the Development of Essay and Criticism in Turkey” aims to assess the place of Burian in Turkish essay and criticism by examining his writings collected in his book titled Denemeler Eleştiriler (1964) and his articles published in such periodicals as Belleten, Devlet Tiyatrosu, Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi, Söz, Tercüme, Ufuklar, Ülkü, and Yücel. The critical writings of Orhan Burian can be grouped into two as “literary” and “cultural”. This classification also applies for Burian as a critic. In the thesis, as I examine Burian’s cultural criticism, I have tried to demonstrate his way of proposing concrete solutions to concrete problems in his works along with his non-dogmatic and rational manner as an intellectual. The essay as a literary genre has historically developed along two main roads: the “objective essay” in the manner of Bacon and the “subjective essay” in the manner of Montaigne. Burian has preferred the objective style and a critical way of thinking in his essays as well. In this thesis, it has been argued that Orhan Burian is an exceptional figure among his contemporaries with his objective style of writing in his essays as well as in his critical writings. Although he was somewhat overlooked by the readers of his time, Burian has had a leading role in the development of scientific-objective criticism in Turkey.