Browsing by Subject "identity"
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Item Open Access 19 yüzyıl Osmanlı-Türk romanında gayrimüslim imgeleri(2007) Uyanık, SedaThis thesis aims at exploring the changing images of non-Muslim characters in five novels written in the last quarter of the 19th century, namely Karabibik (1891) by Nabizade Nazım; Turfanda mı Yoksa Turfa mı? (1892) by Mizancı Mehmet Murat, Araba Sevdası (1896) by Recaizade Mahmut Ekrem, Mes‚il-i Muğl‚ka (1898) by Ahmet Mithat Efendi and Aím‚k-ı Hayal (1910) by Şehbenderz‚de Filibeli Ahmet Hilmi. The novels are discussed taking the historical background and the authorsí ideological positioning into consideration. Reviews and critical essays focusing on non-Muslim characters in novels during the post-Tanzimat period are limited in number and scope and are based on generalizations that do not recognize the various authorsí intellectual and ideological particularities and differences. The study of the five novels examined in this thesis shows that there are several differing images of non-Muslim characters. The image and role of nonMuslim characters in the works depend on the authors approach to religion, ethnical identity and his understanding of civilization. The highlighting of differences between European and Muslim cultures in those novels leads to the positioning of the non-Muslim image in a circle of ìidentity and differencesî. The focus on nonMuslim characters in those novels, shows that the concepts of religion, nation and culture have close links to typological structures such as modernity and tradition, centre and periphery and ìIî and the other. In the light of this study, it is concluded that it is not possible to talk about only one single non-Muslim concept in the postTanzimat novelsItem Open Access Cumhuriyet öncesi kadın yazarların romanlarında toplumsal cinsiyet ve kimlik sorunsalı (1877-1923)(2012) Günaydın, Ayşegül UtkuWomanhood and gender relationships have been one of the first questions taken up as the natural extension of the modernization paradigm between the declaration of the First Constitution and the Republic. Even though womanhood was declared to be a project, the fact that gender issues were never re-examined in a fundamental manner led to new problems vis-à-vis gender and identity. Opened up by the press, the new public sphere offered women the opportunity to discuss the woman question through articles and novels, and the most significant examples of inquiries concerning identity were expressed through one of the branches of traditional literature and through women‟s novels, a sub-genre that newly came into existence. The questioning of the oppressive mechanisms working on women and created by the responsibilities of the new female identity that went beyond the limits of the family, along with the male point of view floundering in face of this new identity, reflects a common female sensibility and sets forth the essence of this literature. The new female identity emphasizes rationality and the resilience of women, taking certain values of womanhood as its basis, and the female viewpoint is used to demonstrate the consequences of the dissonance between this “new” identity and the expectations of the male identity that represented the mindset of society in general, as personified by husbands, lovers, fathers, and relatives. The image of the isolated and struggling girl, who becomes more profound as she becomes more educated, is the symbol of the newly emerging intellectual woman of the Ottoman society. Opposite this woman in transition are the Ottoman men who are either already “impressed” or ready to be impressed. In short, the female novelists of the era express the need for a social transformation that would have to start at the very foundations of society and restructure the relationship between woman and man, i.e., sexual identities. In discussing the common themes, motifs, and sensibilities of women‟s novels, the dissertation examines the following works: Aşk-ı Vatan (1877) by Zafer Hanım; Muhâdarât (1892), Levâyih-i Hayât (1897-98), Refet, (1898), Udî (1899), and Enîn (1910) by Fatma Aliye Hanım; Uhuvvet (1895) by Selma Rıza Feraceli; Terbiye-i Etfale Ait Üç Hikâye (1895), Hiss-i Rekabet (1896), Bîkes (1897), Mükâfat-ı İlâhiye (1896), Sefalet (1897), Muallime (1899-1901), and Gayya Kuyusu (1920) by Emine Semiye Hanım; Dilharâb (1896-97) by Fatma Fahrünnisa Hanım; Münevver (1905- 06), Ölmüş Bir Kadının Evrak-ı Metrukesi (1905), Yaban Gülü (1920) and Nedret (1922) by Güzide Sabri Aygün; Heyûlâ (1908), Raik’in Annesi (1909), Seviyye Talip (1910), Handan (1912), Yeni Turan (1912), Son Eseri (1913) and Mev’ud Hüküm (1918) by Halide Edib; Şebab-ı Tebah (1911) by Nezihe Muhiddin; Aydemir (1918) by Müfide Ferit Tek; Kara Kitap (1920) by Suat Derviş and Sisli Geceler (1922) by Halide Nusret Zorlutuna.Item Open Access A historical comparison of the Albanian and Turkish citizenship in the 20th century(2002) Shkreli, EtritThis study aims to compare the Albanian and Turkish citizenship from the early 20s to the present day. The comparison will focus the Albanian and Turkish understandings of citizenship by looking at the way they are defined, that is the legal status of citizenship; the way it is practiced, which implies civic virtue in terms of participation in the political and social community; and the way it is perceived, that is identity or the way one expresses one’s membership in the community. Therefore this study is an attempt in the understanding of the common grounds and differences between the building, the application and perception of the notion citizenship in Albania and Turkey. This study provides an intra and inter comparison of Albanian and Turkish citizenship during three periods of the Twentieth century, therefore it allows for a self comparison and comparison between bothv countries. Albanian and Turkish citizenship are both constructed on the basis of Western understanding of citizenship, be this civic republican or liberal democratic, however, the most common problem throughout the time-period chosen is the difference in what is allowed de jure and what is practiced de facto.Item Open Access NATO enlargement and its implications for Turkey(2001) Çatal, ErdoğanNATO, which has been throughout the Cold War a collective defense organization, was considered either useless or out of date with the end of the Cold War. However, as it did in the early years of the Cold War, habitually originating from its own dynamics, NATO transformed itself in order to meet the imperatives of the post-Cold War international environment. The geographical enlargement of NATO is the centerpiece of this whole transformation process. It bears implications not only for NATO itself but also for the foreign policy that Euro-Atlantic states follow. The partnership and membership aspects of the geographical enlargement preserved NATO's credibility and served NATO on its way to become a security community, and both aspects ensured NATO's survival. As such, the establishment of relations either through partnership, membership or other way with NATO became the objective of CEE, Balkan, Caucasian, and Central Asian countries, on their way to acquire a democratic, peaceful, and Western identity. In this context, NATO addressed the concerns of a community of 46 states in the Euro-Atlantic region. Meanwhile, on part of Turkey, there appeared some opportunities and setbacks. While consolidating Turkey's western identity on the Caucasus, the Balkans and Central Asia, NATO enlargement brought new concerns to Turkey's agenda regarding regional security as well as Turkey's position in its only and most institutional and functional linkage with the Western Europe and the U.S. After the admission of three new members to NATO in 1999, the pros and cons of a second round of NATO enlargement requires an examination in depth as the decision time gets closer, not only for NATO but also for Turkey.Item Open Access The relationship between cultural identity and accent(2013) Aydemir, Ahu BurcuThis study investigates the relationship between cultural identity and accent. The focus is on the relationship between the identity perceptions of 20 native speakers of English, who have been living in Turkey for a long period of time, and their Turkish accent in terms of nativelikeness. The participants were administered a cultural identity questionnaire, their reading aloud of a few Turkish passages was recorded, and followup interviews were conducted with four of the participants. The findings of this study showed that there is a relationship between cultural identity and accent, in the sense that the more the participants identified themselves as Turkish the more ‘native-like’ their accent score was. This finding confirms the previous literature (e.g., Gatbonton, Trofimovich, & Magid, 2005; Jones, 2001; Marx, 2002; Rindal, 2010), suggesting a relationship between cultural identity and accent. The findings further indicated that the participants tended to prioritize comprehensibility over presentation of speech. At the pedagogical level, this is a reminder that during their practices, second language teachers need to be aware of the language learners’ goals in order to avoid mismatches.Item Open Access Sevgi Soysal'ın yapıtlarında kadın kimliği (Tutkulu Perçem, Tante Rosa, Yürümek)(2002) Somuncuoğlu, GamzeWoman characters who are generally in the foreground in the literary works of the prominent Turkish author Sevgi Soysal (1936-1976), draw readers’ attention to the fact that they had been created with similar characteristics. When woman characters who are generally unsatisfied with themselves, especially in Tutkulu Perçem (1962), Tante Rosa (1968), and Yürümek (1970) are analyzed from a psychoanalytic perspective, it can be seen they experience not only personal crises, but also show such characteristics that would fit the definitions of neurotic personality and frigidity. One of the most evident characteristics of this unique type of woman is that she believes she can reach the way of life she had dreamed of by changing herself. However, in the works of Sevgi Soysal, no woman can succeed in this in real life. Sometimes it can be seen that Sevgi Soysal defends women’s rights by using woman characters she has created in her works. When Soysal’s attitude is analyzed in relation to feminism the following may be said: In her early works such as Tutkulu Perçem, Tante Rosa, and Yürümek, Soysal criticizes the perception of woman as “other” in patriarchal society, but her focus is predominantly on individual problems. The question of women in the later works of Sevgi Soysal is seen as part of social disorder and represented in this way. The thesis concludes that Sevgi Soysal cannot be considered a “feminist writer” or her literary works as “products of feminism”. Furthermore, there are quite a few autobiographical elements in the works of Sevgi Soysal. The facts that woman characters in her books carry similar characteristics, and are narrated in a very consistent way cannot be seen as coincidences. The strong correspondence between Soysal’s private life and her narratives shows that the writer was trying to find a solution to her own dilemmas through the fictional characters she had created.Item Open Access “Some further being”: engaging with the other in David Malouf's an imaginary life(Sage, 2006-03) Randall, D.This article is most concerned with analysing the role of the other in Malouf’s fiction. It briefly considers Malouf’s relationship with history and postcoloniality before engaging in a close reading focused on Malouf’s personal grammar and figurative patterns. The argument demonstrates that Malouf’s style orients itself toward transformation: the grammar is active, movement-oriented, and the figures notably hybrid or syncretic. Text-making thus reveals itself as a principal path of approach to the other. Identification, as portrayed in psychoanalytic theory, presents itself as another path, especially in relation to imagination and dreams. The essay recognizes that a full apprehension of the other is not perhaps possible, although moments of contact and revitalizing exchange clearly are. Brief examination of the relation between otherness and the broader social world follows, giving attention to questions of gender. Extending beyond its exclusive consideration of An Imaginary Life, the essay concludes by acknowledging that Malouf explores his sense of the other most illuminatingly in relation to I-and-you.Item Open Access US- Iranian relations on the road to the Islamic revolution(2010) Uzakgider, GülşahThis thesis aims to elaborate on the U.S.-Iranian relations on the road to the Islamic revolution with a special attention to the identity-security dynamics in these relations and in the impact on the dynamics of the foreign policies of the two countries. In addition, the societal security concerns are discussed in comparison to the threat perceptions of the Iranian state. It attempts to find an answer to the question how the U.S.-Iranian relations affected the internal and external dynamics that Iran found itself on the eve of the Islamic Revolution of 1979.