Browsing by Subject "Values"

Now showing 1 - 13 of 13

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But some books are still bad
(1989) Savile, Anthony
Open Access
Cultural Bases for Self-Evaluation: Seeing Oneself Positively in Different Cultural Contexts
(SAGE Publications Inc., 2014) Becker, M.; Vignoles, V. L.; Owe, E.; Easterbrook, M. J.; Brown, R.; Smith, P. B.; Bond, M. H.; Regalia, C.; Manzi, C.; Brambilla, M.; Aldhafri, S.; González, R.; Carrasco, D.; Cadena, M. P.; Lay, S.; Gallo I. S.; Torres, A.; Camino L.; Özgen E.; Güner, Ü.E.; Yamakoğlu, N.; Lemos, F. C. S.; Trujillo, E. V.; Balanta, P.; Macapagal, M. E. J.; Ferreira, M. C.; Herman, G.; de Sauvage, I.; Bourguignon, D.; Wang, Q.; Fülöp, M.; Harb, C.; Chybicka, A.; Mekonnen, K. H.; Martin, M.; Nizharadze, G.; Gavreliuc, A.; Buitendach J.; Valk, A.; Koller, S. H.
Several theories propose that self-esteem, or positive self-regard, results from fulfilling the value priorities of one's surrounding culture. Yet, surprisingly little evidence exists for this assertion, and theories differ about whether individuals must personally endorse the value priorities involved. We compared the influence of four bases for self-evaluation (controlling one's life, doing one's duty, benefitting others, achieving social status) among 4,852 adolescents across 20 cultural samples, using an implicit, within-person measurement technique to avoid cultural response biases. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses showed that participants generally derived feelings of self-esteem from all four bases, but especially from those that were most consistent with the value priorities of others in their cultural context. Multilevel analyses confirmed that the bases of positive self-regard are sustained collectively: They are predictably moderated by culturally normative values but show little systematic variation with personally endorsed values. © 2014 by the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc.
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Değer ve Farabi
(1974) Türker Küyel, Mübahat
Open Access
Distrusted partnership: Unpacking Anti-Americanism in Turkey
(Wiley, 2023-03) Grigoriadis, Ioannis N.; Aras, Ümit Erol
The decline of US-Turkey relations has been one ofthe most striking developments within NATO and thebroader Western alliance. This article sheds light onthis distrusted partnership by studying anti-Americansentiment in Turkish public opinion since the Arabuprisings of the 2010s. Employing a typology of anti-Americanisms introduced by Keohane and Katzenstein,it examines views of the United States and US-Turkeyrelations in the Turkish media and among the public,and it explores the conditions under which the decliningrelations could be reset. In particular, it shows how theruling Justice and Development Party exploits anti-USopinion, the Turkish media’s role, the stances of Turk-ish opposition groups, and the long-term consequencesfor the strained bilateral relationship.
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Hafız Mustafa confectionery
(Bilkent University, 2020) Ateeq, Muhammad; Hannan, Abdullah; Khan, Taha; Khan, Muhammad Ali; Ali, Fardeen
This research paper focuses on the Hafiz Mustafa Confectionery and argues that the confectionery was influential and inspirational in different ways. It argues that the success and popularity that the confectionery achieved are ways which show it is influential. It also shows other ways in which the confectionery has inspired people.
Open Access
Of values and commercialisation: an exploration of esports’ place within the olympic movement
(Routledge, 2021-08-23) Abanazir, Cem
Esports’ rise in popularity has led the Olympic Movement (OM) to consider esports as a possible addition to the Olympic programme. A positive stance on the part of the OM towards certain aspects of esports has become apparent in recent years. However, the OM has expressly stated that while it is values-based, the esports industry is commercially driven. This article aims to take a tenable step towards the conceptualisation of the relationship between esports and ‘values’. Moreover, it weighs esports’ potential addition to the Olympic programme in view of the commercialisation of the Olympic Games whilst also exploring the selection process for adding new sports to the programme. The article concludes that despite the OM’s negativity concerning the supposed lack of values in the esports industry, it ignores the commercialisation of the Olympic Games at its hands. Accordingly, it will further assert that esports will possibly become a part of the Olympic programme in the near future.
Open Access
Opposite ends of the same stick? Multi-method test of the dimensionality of individualism and collectivism
(Sage, 2014-01) Taras, V.; Sarala, R.; Karakitapoğlu-Aygün, Z.; Kashima, E. S.; Kolstad, A.; Milfont, T. L.; Oetzel, J.; Okazaki, S.; Probst, T. M.; Sato, T.; Shafiro, M.; Singelis, T. M.; Schwartz, S. J.; Sinclair, H. C.; Muchinsky, P.; Kemmelmeier, M.; Avsec, A.; Coon, H. M.; Dinnel, D. L.; Gardner, W.; Grace, S.; Hsu, S.; Johnson, J.; Hardin, E. E.
The construct of individualism–collectivism (IND-COL) has become the definitive standard in cross-cultural psychology, management, and related fields. It is also among the most controversial, in particular, with regard to the ambiguity of its dimensionality: Some view IND and COL as the opposites of a single continuum, whereas others argue that the two are independent constructs. We explored the issue through seven different tests using original individual-level data from 50 studies and meta-analytic data from 149 empirical publications yielding a total of 295 samplelevel observations that were collected using six established instruments for assessing IND and COL as separate constructs. Results indicated that the dimensionality of IND-COL may depend on (a) the specific instrument used to collect the data, (b) the sample characteristics and the cultural region from which the data were collected, and (c) the level of analysis. We also review inconsistencies, deficiencies, and challenges of conceptualizing IND-COL and provide guidelines for developing and selecting instruments for measuring the construct, and for reporting and meta-analyzing results from this line of research.
Open Access
Self-construals and values in different cultural and socioeconomic contexts
(2004) Imamoǧlu, E. O.; Karakitapoğlu-Aygün, Z.
In this study the authors investigated (a) how individuational and relational self-orientations, as well as self-directed and other-directed values, are related to one another, and (b) how these self- and value orientations differ across 2 cultural (i.e., 422 Turkish and 441 American university students) and 2 socioeconomic status (SES) groups (i.e., 186 lower SES and 167 upper SES Turkish high school students). Across cross-cultural and SES groups, individuational and relational self-orientations appeared to be not opposite but distinct orientations, as predicted by the Balanced Integration-Differentiation (BID) model (E. O. Imamoǧlu, 2003). Furthermore, both Turkish and American students with similar self-construal types, as suggested by the BID model, showed similar value orientations, pointing to both cross-cultural similarities and within-cultural diversity. Individuational and relational self-orientations showed weak to moderate associations with the respective value domains of self-directedness and other-directedness, which seemed to represent separate but somewhat positively correlated orientations. In both cross-cultural and SES groups, students tended to be high in both relational and individ-uational self-orientations; those trends were particularly strong among the Turkish and American women compared with men and among the upper SES Turkish adolescents compared with lower SES adolescents. Results are discussed as contesting the assumptions that regard the individuational and relational orientations as opposites and as supporting the search for invariant aspects of psychological functioning across contexts.
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Sosyal bilimler ve partizanlık
(2000) Balanuye, Çetin
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Value structures in a developed socialist system : the case of Czechoslovakia
(1991) McGregor, James P.
Open Access
Values and risk perception : a cross-cultural examination
(2008) Güvenç, Gülbanu
The purpose of this thesis is to examine the relationship between individual values and risk perception of terror attacks. This relationship is examined via a study employing university students from Turkey (n = 536) and Israel (n = 298). Those two countries share an ongoing threat of terror attacks, but differ in their socio-cultural backgrounds. Schwartz Value Theory (1992; 1994) is used to conceptualize and measure values. Cognitive and emotional responses about (1) potentially being exposed to a terror attack, and (2) a terror attack potentially occurring in the country are assessed to measure risk perception. Results partly support the hypotheses by showing expected associations of values with risk perception, as well as indicating gender differences and cultural variations. The more importance the Turkish and Israeli participants attribute to self-direction values, the less emotional they feel about the threat of being exposed to a terror attack. However, the greater priority they attribute to security values, the more negative affect they express about both threats. Furthermore, the more importance they give to hedonism & stimulation values, the less likely they perceive the likelihood of both threats. Current findings are discussed in relation to previous results, theoretical approaches, and practical implications.
Open Access
Values and risk perceptions: a cross-cultural examination
(Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, 2013) Kaptan, G.; Shiloh, S.; Önkal, D.
This article examines the relationship between values and risk perceptions regarding terror attacks. The participants in the study are university students from Turkey (n = 536) and Israel (n = 298). Schwartz value theory (1992, 1994) is applied to conceptualize and measure values. Cognitive (perceived likelihood and perceived severity) and emotional (fear, helplessness, anger, distress, insecurity, hopelessness, sadness, and anxiety) responses about the potential of (i) being personally exposed to a terror attack, and (ii) a terror attack that may occur in one's country are assessed to measure risk perceptions. Comparison of the two groups suggests that the Turkish participants are significantly more emotional about terror risks than the Israeli respondents. Both groups perceive the risk of a terror attack that may occur in their country more likely than the risk of being personally exposed to a terror attack. No significant differences are found in emotional representations and perceived severity ratings regarding these risks. Results provide support for the existence of a link between values and risk perceptions of terror attacks. In both countries, self-direction values are negatively related to emotional representations, whereas security values are positively correlated with emotions; hedonism and stimulation values are negatively related to perceived likelihood. Current findings are discussed in relation to previous results, theoretical approaches (the social amplification of risk framework and cultural theory of risk), and practical implications (increasing community support for a course of action, training programs for risk communicators). © 2012 Society for Risk Analysis.
Open Access
What determines positive attitudes toward refugees and why? Comparing Türkiye and Germany in response to post-2011 forced migration crisis based on the context of value change and institutional trust
(2024-09) Erden, Veysel Yiğit
This study aims to provide empirical evidence in exploring the determinants of creating positive attitudes toward refugees and the reason behind this by responding the question: ‘Under what conditions do communities with migration experience in refugee-receiving states become more open toward accepting more refugees, and why?’. This research seeks answers to this question by testing two hypotheses: (i) post-materialist, cooperative, inclusive and egalitarian norms within the population may serve as an effective strategy for fostering a more welcoming attitude towards refugees and mitigating xenophobic sentiments and (ii) well-functioning migration governance based on the high-level of institutional and regulatory capacity of host countries and the ability to foster institutional trust within the resident communities are anticipated to play a crucial role in shaping a positive attitude towards refugees. Even though findings obtained under this research did not produce any significant result for supporting or falsifying the first hypothesis which aims to examine the impact of change in value preferences on attitudes toward refugees, this research found that regulatory and institution of host countries and institutional trust toward them among people matter in shaping people’s attitudes toward acceptance of further refugees in a positive way.