Browsing by Subject "Turkish Politics"

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Birikim Dergisi'nin incelenmesi: 1989-1999 arası derginin tutumu.
(Bilkent University, 2018)
Bu çalışmanın amacı, Birikim Dergisi’nin, 1989-1999 yılları arasındaki süreçte gelişen olaylar karşısında nasıl bir konum aldığını ve derginin bahsi geçen dönem aralığındaki dergi yayıncılığı dünyasındaki konumunu anlamaktır. Bu bağlamda, Birikim Dergisi’nin ilk kuruluşunun amaçları ve siyasi tutumu ele alınmış; derginin yayıncılık hayatını isabetli bir şekilde anlamak için Türkiyedeki gerek siyasi gerek siyasal alanın dışında yayıncılık yapan dergicilik incelenmiş; ve son olarak da bahsi geçen dönemdeki feminist hareketlerle dergi arasında ne gibi bir ilişki bulunduğu incelenmiştir. Bu temelde gelişen araştırmamızın neticesinde, Birikim Dergisinin kendini tanımladığı alternatif bir sosyalist yayıncılık amacına uygun hareket ettiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Open Access
Columnists as idea entrepreneurs in Turkey, 1983-2007 : conceptions of the state
(2016-09) Kılıç Aslan, Ayşenur
The omnipotence of the state has been a dominant theme of discussions in Turkey for a long time. Though they have been a major party to these discussions due the fact that it was newspapers and periodicals that filled the large crevice left by the late development and dissemination of scholarly books in Turkey, columnists have been sorely understudied. In an attempt to help fill this void, this study discusses ten eminent Turkish columnists’ conceptions of the state over a time period stretching from 1983 to 2007. Assuming columnists as ‘idea entrepreneurs’, who, create a sphere of influence with their ideas, and use this sphere to further create new ideas or transform existing ones thanks to networks provided by this sphere, this dissertation brings together three seemingly separate literatures on media, state and entrepreneurship. Data acquired from analysis of considerable number of columns and semi-structured elite interviews has been processed by using qualitative content analysis and archival document analysis. The data has been coded in reference to five themes: national security and survival of the state, order and stability, economy, the shrinking state, and the rule of law. This study contributes to the literature by bringing to the fore the following results: notwithstanding intensified emphasis on liberalizing state-society relations in that time period, it first shows that the statecentered ideas set the language of politics; the press deems itself as part of this statecentered language; considerable amount of columns still teetered between transcendentalism and instrumentalism in terms of their state perceptions
Open Access
The conceptions of “the international” in Turkey
(2018-03) Küçük, Mine Nur
In the last several decades, the discipline of International Relations (IR) has been problematized because of its limitations in engaging with non-core actors. A burgeoning literature in IR has underscored that the prevalent approaches in the discipline have particular understandings of world politics which are based on the experiences of core actors, and ideas and experiences of non-core actors are overlooked in these understandings. This literature has asked what IR would look like if ideas and experiences of non-core actors are also considered. This dissertation’s objective is to contribute to this literature by studying the conceptions of “the international” as found in one of the non-core contexts, namely Turkey. The dissertation develops and offers a novel analytical framework for studying the conceptions of “the international” in any given context. This framework is employed firstly to examine the understandings as found in IR scholarship so as to see what is available in the literature. Then, the framework is employed for analyzing the conceptions of “the international” in Turkey as one example to non-core actors of world politics. The dissertation discusses what IR scholarship captures and overlooks when the conceptions of “the international” in non-core contexts are taken into account.
Embargo
Constructing morality for Turkey : the moral campaign of the 1980s as a novel technique of governing
(2010) Keçeli, Öncü
Political history of Turkey of the 1980s usually narrates the institutional reorganization of state structure and legislative changes introduced by the military regime established after the September 12, 1980 coup d’état and demilitarization efforts of the following civilian governments. However, the military regime did not simply apply institutional changes; one of its aims was to infiltrate society at every level, through “conduct of conduct.” Everyday life was targeted and governed by both the military regime, following civilian governments and non-state actors in the 1980s in order to restructure socio-political space and establish hegemony of a life style by setting new standards of normalcy. Morality, as a constitutive element of everyday life, had a peculiar place in efforts to reconstruct the distinction between the normal and the abnormal, since it was believed that decay of moral values was among the primary reasons of social collapse in the pre-coup period. This study, hence, analyzes the moral campaign of the 1980s, as a hegemonic project which problematized the conduct and values of others and attempted to dominate everyday practices. The dissertation studies the Intellectuals’ Hearth and a peculiar reading of history and society, the Turkish Islamic Synthesis, as the intellectual background of the moral campaign and as an exemplary discourse of moralist thinking. It later focuses on three of everyday domains that were targeted in the 1980s to institute the proper life style for the society and the individual: education of morality, politics of non – heterosexuality and censorship of obscenity. This study, then, rewrites the history of Turkey of the 1980s, as a story of efforts to develop new standards of moral norms in everyday life.
Open Access
Continuity and change in Turkish politics economic and behavioural explanations of democratic backsliding
(Routledge, 2024-05-13) Aydın, Mustafa; Yıldırım, Kerem
This paper introduces a special issue focusing on the intricacies of Turkey’s party system and the evolution of Turkish party competition amid democratic challenges. The introduction provides a brief overview of each paper in this special issue, which delves into the relationship between economic factors and voter behavior, offering insights into the continued dominance of the ruling party. While doing so, the special issue specifically examines the 2023 Turkish General elections, presenting alternative perspectives on how the incumbent party maintains its electoral success.
Open Access
International dimension of democratization? the influence of the European Union on the consolidation of democracy in Turkey 1987-2002
(2003) Usul, Ali Resul
This thesis analyzes the European Union (EU)-Turkey relations with regard to democracy and human rights and particularly the EU’s impact on the consolidation of democracy in Turkey. Democracy in the Turkey has not been adequately consolidated. The problem of Turkish democracy is the problem of democratic consolidation in Turkey. In the thesis, I propose that the EU promotes Turkish democracy when it provides a full membership perspective to Turkey. In other words, the degree and nature EU’s influence on Turkish polity and politics is correlated with question of whether the EU gives Turkey a real membership perspective. In this respect, I have compared three significant periods of the EU-Turkey relations regarding democratic consolidation in Turkey. The EU’s impact in the first two periods was limited and quite modest in its nature. The EU has been an active leverage in the post-Helsinki period. In the post-Helsinki period, the pre-accession mechanism have made Turkey more vulnerable to the EU’s requirements and it has justified the EU’s interventions into Turkey’s domestic politics, which had been often regarded as breach of Turkey’s sovereignty in the pre-Helsinki period. Thus, domestic/international-internal/external differentiation in the context of EU-Turkey relations has become less salient within the post-Helsinki period. As far as the active leverage function of the EU is concerned, the EU’s impact had been mostly on the Constitutional level of consolidation in the period between 1987 and 2002.
Open Access
Özal's politics with special reference to religion
(1997) Çemrek, Murat
Present thesis aims to analyze ÖzaTs politics while taking his special reference to religion into consideration. About Özal's politics, domestic and international politics, the Southeast problem, economy and religion form the framework of this study. During 1983-1993, when Özal was on the stage either as Prime Minister or President, religion became an important factor in the life of Turkish society and the style of the relations between politics and religion changed a great deal. Özal introduced a new identity to Turkey since he defined himself as both a Muslim and a modern person. On the one hand, Özal stressed that Turkey is a secular state, on the other hand, he indicated that Islam kept society together. As a conclusion, Özal is evaluated as the last Ottoman sultan who is an engineer-merchant one but not a mullah. This evaluation generates from ÖzaTs style in policy formation as an engineer calculating the optimum risks and as a merchant searching for the most profitable one.
Open Access
Why do political parties split? : understanding part splits and formation of splinter parties in Turkey
(2014) Demirkol, Özhan
The process of splinter party formation has been understudied. This is related with the difficulties in studying the intraparty realm of politics and the inability of the splinter parties to turn into successful competitors. Employing an actor-oriented approach, this study traces the reasons behind splits in mainstream parties and formation of splinter parties. It intends to develop a theoretical model for explaining party splits in Turkey. It is asserted that party split is one of the possible outcomes of the competition between the dissenting faction and the dominant faction supporting the party leader. This outcome is preceded by two stages: dissent, and intraparty conflict. Strategies developed by dissenting faction and the party leader’s response are conditioned by a number of endogenous and exogenous factors. Endogenous factors include the nature of disagreement, relative power of competing factions across the different layers of party organization and leadership autonomy. Exogenous factors include the costs of forming a new party and the perceived viability for a new party. Splinter party is formed in case the dissident faction that departs from the parent organization chooses to invest on a new party rather than switching to an established party. The model proposed in this dissertation is illustrated by a comparative analysis of five cases of party splits in Turkish party system since the transition to democracy in 1946. The political parties that are analyzed within the scope of this study include the Democrat Party, the Republican People’s Party, the Justice Party, the True Path Party and the Democratic Left Party. The analysis reveals that endogenous factors are more influential over party splits compared to the exogenous factors. Moreover, in case the dissidents are unlikely to voice within the party platforms, they might simply resign without voice.