Browsing by Subject "Sudan"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3

Open Access
Beyond scarcity: rethinking water, climate change and conflict in the Sudans
(Elsevier, 2014) Selby, J.; Hoffmann, Clemens
This article develops a new framework for understanding environment-conflict relations, on both theoretical grounds and through a qualitative historical analysis of the links between water and conflict in the states of Sudan and South Sudan. Theoretically, the article critiques the dominant emphases on ‘scarcity’, ‘state failure’ and ‘under-development’ within discussions of environmental security, and proposes an alternative model of environment-conflict relations centring on resource abundance and globally-embedded processes of state-building and development. Empirically, it examines three claimed (or possible) linkages between water and conflict in the Sudans: over trans-boundary waters of the Nile; over the links between internal resource scarcities and civil conflict; and over the internal conflict impacts of water abundance and development. We find that there exists only limited evidence in support of the first two of these linkages, but plentiful evidence that water abundance, and state-directed processes of economic development and internal colonisation relating to water, have had violent consequences. We conclude that analysts and policymakers should pay more attention to the impacts of resource abundance, militarised state power and global political economic forces in their assessments of the potential conflict impacts of environmental and especially climate change.
Open Access
The effectiveness of international regimes in states with low internal capacity : a study of international refugee regime in Afghanistan, Iraq and Sudan
(2013) Güler, Arzu
Nearly one out of the six states in the world is regarded with low internal capacity by the Failed State Index 2012. However, having a priori assumption on states’ internal capacity to take decisions and implement them within their own states, scholarly attention has been given to the factors that shape states’ behaviors towards international regimes, mainly discussing under what conditions states will comply with them. Thus, the literature on international regimes neglected to study the effectiveness of international regimes in the states with low internal capacity. This dissertation deals with the research question of how the presence of states with low internal capacity creates implications for the effectiveness of iv international regimes and how regimes’ institutions can operate in such states to increase regime effectiveness. I examine this research question through quantitative and qualitative analyses and with a specific reference to the 4Rs activities of the international refugee regime in three refugee producing countries, namely Afghanistan, Iraq and Sudan. I argue that international refugee regime was not effective in these countries and I propose six tentative principles to UNHCR and its implementing partners to increase the effectiveness of international refugee regime in refugee producing countries with low internal capacity: providing civilian security, overcoming socio-cultural and religious conservatism, increasing government capacity and willingness to cooperate with international community, building trust among local people towards international community and increasing their support for regime activities.
Open Access
The Ottoman special organization-Teşkilat-ı Mahsusa : a historical assessment with particular reference to its operations against British occupied Egypt (1914-1916)
(2006) Safi, Polat
The present level of the knowledge about the plans and operations of the Teşkilat-ı Mahsusa forces against Egypt during World War I is very poor in terms of the analysis of this phenomenon at a micro level in different localities. This study, in this context, is an attempt throught the Teşkilat-ı Mahsusa concentration mourished mainly from Sinai, Libya, and to a lesser extent Sudan, against Egypt between 1914 and 1916 to further our understanding of not only the details of the Teşkilat's activities in these regions but also its administrative and operational characteristics.