Browsing by Subject "Significant differences"
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Item Open Access Differences in the accumulation and distribution profile of heavy metals and metalloid between male and female crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus)(2013) Tunca, E.; Ucuncu, E.; Ozkan, A.D.; Ulger, Z.E.; Cansizoǧlu, A.E.; Tekinay, T.Concentrations of selected heavy metals and a metalloid were measured by ICP-MS in crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus) collected from Lake Hirfanli, Turkey. Aluminum (Al), chromium (52Cr, 53Cr), copper ( 63Cu, 65Cu), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni) and arsenic (As) were measured in the exoskeleton, gills, hepatopancreas and abdominal muscle tissues of 60 crayfish of both genders. With the exception of Al, differences were determined between male and female cohorts for the accumulation trends of the above-mentioned elements in the four tissues. It was also noted that the accumulation rates of Ni and As were significantly lower in gill tissue of females compared to males and no significant difference was observed for Cu isotopes in female crayfish. Cluster Analysis (CA) recovered similar results for both genders, with links between accumulations of Ni and As being notable. Accumulation models were described separately for male and female crayfish using regression analysis, and are presented for models where R2 > 0.85. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York.Item Open Access Effect of speech intelligibility on visual short-term memory performance(2007) Kitapci, K.; Yılmazer, Semiha; Erkip F.The aim of this study is to find out effects of speech intelligibility on visual short-term memory performance by testing 34 interior architecture students in three different sound environments. Those sound environments were composed of real office sounds and a speech sample that are mixed to achieve varying STI levels of 'continuous noise', 'masked speech' and 'speech' sound environments [2]. Test procedure had three steps: first questionnaire, computer based short-term memory test and second questionnaire. Results show that there is no significant difference of visual short-term memory performance between varying sound environments, however subjective results derived from questionnaires show that students were distracted most by 'speech' sound environment.