Browsing by Subject "September 11 Terrorist Attacks, 2001."

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Open Access
The Analysis of Turkish foreign policy under Justice and Development Party government in the post-9/11 world
(2008) Yanarışık, Oğuzhan
The disastrous attacks on 11 September 2001 signalled the beginning of a new era within which more people believe that Islam is in conflict with the West and western values. Although the Islamic political identity was traditionally based on opposition to the West and the westernization in Turkey, rapprochement between the Turkish Islamists and western values occurred ironically in the same era. The establishment and the rise of Justice and Development Party (JDP) are seen by many observers as an evidence of this transformation in the position of Islamists towards the West. This thesis evaluates the impact of systemic interactions on the identity formation, interest construction, and thus foreign policy behaviours of JDP-led Turkey through constructivist lenses. In other words, it takes the changing international environment in the post 9/11 world as independent variable, within which international norms are interrogated, East-West perceptions are reconsidered and identities are reconstructed. On the other hand, it takes identity, interests and behaviors of JDP-led Turkey and other international actors as dependent variables.
Open Access
US democracy promotion and energy security after 9/11
(2011) Mukhtar, Ali Reza
The objective of this thesis is to find out whether the US is also genuinely committed to promote democracy in those countries on which the US has oil dependency or does the US energy security interest eclipse its foreign policy principle of democracy promotion abroad after 9/11. The hypothesis of this research is that the US is less interested in promoting democracy in those countries on which the US has higher oil-dependency. Materialist theory of democracy promotion is used to drive this hypothesis. Two statistical methods are employed, i.e. (1) hypothesis testing by using t-test and (2) regression, to estimate the variation of the USAID democracy assistance in those countries on which the US has higher oil dependency compared with those countries on which the US has less or no oil dependency. The findings of this thesis show that the USAID spends, on average, less funding for democracy-related programmes in those countries on which the US has higher oil-dependency and vice versa. These results indicate that, although the US prioritized its democracy promotion after 9/11 in order to tackle the problem of iv terrorism, the US energy security remains the prime concern for which the US compromises on its foreign policy principle of democracy promotion abroad.