Browsing by Subject "Self-esteem"
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Item Open Access Cultural Bases for Self-Evaluation: Seeing Oneself Positively in Different Cultural Contexts(SAGE Publications Inc., 2014) Becker, M.; Vignoles, V. L.; Owe, E.; Easterbrook, M. J.; Brown, R.; Smith, P. B.; Bond, M. H.; Regalia, C.; Manzi, C.; Brambilla, M.; Aldhafri, S.; González, R.; Carrasco, D.; Cadena, M. P.; Lay, S.; Gallo I. S.; Torres, A.; Camino L.; Özgen E.; Güner, Ü.E.; Yamakoğlu, N.; Lemos, F. C. S.; Trujillo, E. V.; Balanta, P.; Macapagal, M. E. J.; Ferreira, M. C.; Herman, G.; de Sauvage, I.; Bourguignon, D.; Wang, Q.; Fülöp, M.; Harb, C.; Chybicka, A.; Mekonnen, K. H.; Martin, M.; Nizharadze, G.; Gavreliuc, A.; Buitendach J.; Valk, A.; Koller, S. H.Several theories propose that self-esteem, or positive self-regard, results from fulfilling the value priorities of one's surrounding culture. Yet, surprisingly little evidence exists for this assertion, and theories differ about whether individuals must personally endorse the value priorities involved. We compared the influence of four bases for self-evaluation (controlling one's life, doing one's duty, benefitting others, achieving social status) among 4,852 adolescents across 20 cultural samples, using an implicit, within-person measurement technique to avoid cultural response biases. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses showed that participants generally derived feelings of self-esteem from all four bases, but especially from those that were most consistent with the value priorities of others in their cultural context. Multilevel analyses confirmed that the bases of positive self-regard are sustained collectively: They are predictably moderated by culturally normative values but show little systematic variation with personally endorsed values. © 2014 by the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc.Item Open Access The relationship of self-concept and smoking behavior in adolescents(BAYT Yayıncılık, 2007) Toros, F.; Özge, C.; Bayramkaya, Ersin; Ankaralı, H.; Kütük, M. Ö.Objective: The main purpose of the study was to explore the effect of subscale analysis of self-concept as a rare investigated concept in the subject of cigarette smoking in adolescents (ranging from 8th to 11th grades). We also aimed to reveal the factors affecting smoking behavior and identify a possible correlation between smoking behavior and self-concept. Methods: Multi-step, stratified, cluster sampling were used to determine the study group. A stratified sample of 3352 adolescents was randomly selected and data was obtained. Apair of structured questionnaires was designed to evaluate the presence of smoking and the level of self-esteem in adolescents. The Piers-Harris Self-Concept Scale (PHSC) was used to assess adolescent self-concept. Subscale analysis was made in the six basic areas of self-concept and the required statistical analysis was carried out. Results: We showed that 16.1% of adolescents are current smokers with a male predominance. The subscales, except for physical appearance, and attributes subscales were significantly lower in current smokers compared to non smokers. In addition, there were positive correlations between current smokers and anxiety (r=.167, p<.01), and popularity (r=.117, p<.01) according to linear trend analysis. Conclusions: These results suggest that strategies that influence smoking behavior need to be directed not only to the individual child but also to influences within the child's home and school environment. In conclusion, knowing the basic determinates of self esteem in smoker adolescents is essential for improvement in coping strategies both of the country and worldwide.