Browsing by Subject "Political power"

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9

Open Access
A gender view of the arab uprisings
(Routledge, 2016) Bilgiç, A.
[No abstract available]
Open Access
Hybrid hegemonic masculinity of the EU before and after the Arab Spring: a gender analysis of Euro-Mediterranean security relations
(Routledge, 2015-05-07) Bilgic, A.
In the academic literature on EU–southern Mediterranean relations, a focal point of neglect has been the gendered dimension of Euro-Mediterranean relations. This article argues that the Euro-Mediterranean space has been formed within the gendered global West/non-West relations with the purpose of promoting the West's security interests. Euro-Mediterranean security relations, thus, embody a gendered power hierarchy between the hybrid hegemonic masculinity of the EU (bourgeois-rational and citizen-warrior) and the subordinate (both feminized and hypermasculinized) southern neighbourhood. In addition, it shows that following the Arab Spring the EU has been determined to maintain the status quo by reconstructing these gendered power relations. This gender analysis contributes to the literature on Euro-Mediterranean relations through its specific focus on the (re)construction processes of gendered identities within the West/non-West context in tandem with the EU's competing notions of security.
Embargo
Juridico-political and spatiotemporal conditions of exceptional security measures: the case of Türkiye between 1923 and 2019
(2024-06) Türkoğlu Payne, Burcu
This dissertation examines the state’s interference with the constitutional rights and liberties regime in the name of security in light of the practices in Türkiye between 1923 and 2019. It aims to explain what juridical and political aspects such measures of the state may have, explore the spatial and temporal dimensions of these security measures, and relate these dimensions to the juridico-political conditions of the security measures contradicting the norms concerning rights and liberties, which are constructed legally by states. It seeks to conceptualise exceptional security measures by examining the state as a whole with all its relevant institutions instead of examining a specific source of powers, such as the executive, the legislature, or the police. It shows that the exercisers of state power and the power to make the decision that interferes with rights and liberties vary depending on the time and the juridico-political context. It seeks to understand how and when state authorities act in contradiction to the norms concerning rights and liberties, the source of state authorities’ power to interfere with the rights and liberties regime, and what spatiotemporal aspects these practices have.
Open Access
Non-material sources of Turkish Armed Forces' political power : a "military in society" approach
(2007) Biltekin, Gonca
This thesis is an attempt to understand the non-material sources of Turkish Armed Forces’ political power. For that purpose, the thesis looks at theories of power and relevant civil-military relations literature and illustrates that the current civil-military relations literature employs an institution-based formal decisionmaking approach to military’s political power, where non-material sources of armed forces political power is mostly overlooked. Moreover, current literature presumes the existence of a conflictual relationship between the military and the society where interests of the society and the military clash. Therefore, there is a theoretical gap which makes it problematic to study armies like Turkish Armed Forces, which enjoy a long-term and considerable support from their societies. In order to provide for an answer to such a gap, the thesis develops a “military in society” approach and establishes that the political power of the Turkish Armed Forces emanates from its distinctive relationship with its society which has historical, cultural, social and discursive dimensions.
Open Access
Patriarchy
(SAGE Publications, Inc., 2004) Winter, Thomas; Carroll, Bret E.
Patriarchy—the governance of the household and its members by the male paterfamilias(father of the family), and the social relations this arrangement entails—has empowered men in both private and public life and defined male gender identity throughout U.S. history. A male-governed household has often been perceived as a model of good public order. Patriarchy, while supporting social hierarchies and power relationships based on gender, has also served as a foundation for power systems based on race, ethnicity, and class, and thus created the impression that social hierarchies based on these categories are part of the natural order. Women, nonwhites, and other disempowered groups, however, have challenged patriarchal power.
Open Access
Politics of nationhood and the displacement of the founding Moment: contending histories of the Turkish nation
(Cambridge University Press, 2017) Çınar, A.; Taş, H.
This study examines the conception of nationhood developed by a political movement referred to as Ulusalclllk (nationalism), which emerged at the turn of the century. We focus on ways in which the Ulusalcl movement makes use of nation-building techniques to establish and propagate its own version of Turkish nationhood as one that is primordially secular and patriotic. This is expressed in its opposition to Islamism, Ottomanism, and what it sees as imperialist Western powers. We argue that the most significant technique Ulusalcl nationalists use to rebuild Turkish nationhood is a relocation of the nation's founding moment, from the official Kemalist one marked by the founding of the Republic in 1923 to the War of Independence fought against the European powers between 1919 and 1922. Our premise is that nationhood is ultimately the product of storytelling, and that the politics of nationhood involves the contentious production, dissemination, and negotiation of different stories and their corresponding founding moments. We analyze the story of Turkish nationhood told in the bestselling book Those Crazy Turks, which became the bible of the Ulusalcl movement. We argue that the Ulusalcl narration of Turkish nationhood interpellates a new national subject that is primordially secular, militaristically patriotic, and adamantly anti-Western. These are projected as essential qualities that must, at all cost, be upheld and defended against Islamist, Ottomanist, and Western powers that are conspiring to bring Turkey down. © 2017 Society for the Comparative Study of Society and History.
Open Access
A scion of the Crimean Khans in the Crimean war: the allied powers and the question of the future of the Crimea
(Routledge, 2013) Kirimli, H.
[No abstract available]
Open Access
A tale of two mayors: courts and politics in Iran and Turkey
(Cambridge University Press, 2004) Shambayati, H.
Countries such as Iran and Turkey do not fit comfortably into the democratic and authoritarian categories. In these countries, elections are held regularly, and the will of the people is accepted as one source of sovereignty. At the same time, both constitutionally and in practice the elected officials have to share the exercise of political power with institutions that do not draw their power directly from the will of the people. In such systems, the judiciary has two important political functions. First, the judiciary acts as a politically insulated decision-maker through which the unelected head can exercise some degree of control over the actions of the elected head. Second, the judiciary's direct involvement in the political arena increases political tensions and legitimates the continuation of the two-headed system. In systems based on divided sovereignty, the tensions created by the judicialization of politics contribute to the stability of the regime. The first two sections of the article develop the theoretical framework of the study. I will then look at the constitutional structures of Iran and Turkey and discuss the role assigned to the judiciary in the two systems. The final section examines the politically important court cases of Recep Tayyip Erdoǧan, a former mayor of Istanbul (1994-98), and his Iranian counterpart Gholamhussein Karbaschi, a former mayor of Teheran (1990-98). However, at the outset I should point out that my interest is not in establishing the guilt or innocence of the individuals involved. Rather, I hope that the analysis provided here will shed some light on the role of the judiciary in the politics of countries with two-headed executives. © 2004 Cambridge University Press.
Open Access
The Turkish presidential elections of 10 August 2014
(Routledge, 2015) Grigoriadis, I. N.
The Turkish presidential elections of 10 August 2014 were the first direct elections in the history of republican Turkey. The election of prime minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan in the first round illustrated his dominant position in Turkish politics, as well as the inability of opposition parties to provide an alternative candidate who appealed to the Turkish electorate. Growing social polarization and concern about emerging autocratic tendencies, corruption allegations and the multilevel crisis in the Middle East failed to dissuade Turkish voters. Nevertheless, the fulfilment of Erdoğan’s declared intention of introducing presidentialism in Turkey will depend on the result of the upcoming parliamentary elections, to be held in June 2015 at the latest. © 2015, © 2015 Taylor & Francis.